• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.239-244
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• 2011

In this study, we evaluated diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) to investigate whether the DWI parameters can predict characteristic parameters on pathologic specimens of tumor or not. CFPAC-1 was injected subcutaneously on the back flank of athymic nude mice (n=13) then two tumors were initiated on each mouse (2${\times}$13=26 tumors). The mice were sacrificed to make specimen immediately after initial MR imaging then were compared with the MR image. A dedicated high-field (7T) small-animal MR scanner was used for image acquisitions. A T1 and T2 weighted axial image using RARE technique was acquired to measure the T2 values and tumor size. DWI MR was performed for calculating ADC values. To evaluate tumor cellularity and determine the levels of MVD, tumor cells were excised and processed for H-E staining and immunostaining using CD31. T2 values and ADC values were computed and analyzed for each half of the tumors and compared to the correlated specimens slide. Median ADC within each half of mass was compared to the cellularity and MVD in the correlated area of pathologic slide. The mean of ADC value is $0.7327{\times}10^{-3}$ $mm^2/s$ and standard deviation is $0.1075{\times}10^{-3}$ $mm^2/s$. There is a linear relationship between ADC value and tumor necrosis (R2=0.697, p< 0.001). DW image parameters including the ADC values can be utilized as surrogate markers to assess intratumoral neoangiogenesis and change of the internal structure of tumor cells.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2014

As smartphones came into wide use recently, it has become increasingly popular not only among young people, but among middle-aged people as well. Most smartphones adopt capacitive full touch screen, so touch commands are made by fingers unlike the PDAs in the past that use touch pens. In this case, a significant portion of the smartphone's screen is blocked by the finger so it is impossible to see the screens around the finger touching the screen; this causes difficulties in making precise inputs. To solve this problem, this research proposes a method of using simple AR markers to improve the interface of smartphones. A marker is placed in front of the smartphone camera. Then, the camera image of the marker is analyzed to determine the position of the marker as the position of the mouse cursor. This method can enable click, double-click, drag-and-drop used in PCs as well as touch, slide, long-touch-input in smartphones. Through this research, smartphone inputs can be made more precise and simple, and show the possibility of the application of a new concept of smartphone interface.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.81-103
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• 1994

In recent years, the visual characteristics of natural open space and greenbelt surrounding the urban landscapes have been changed with sprawling of residential areas and highrised residential buildings. Since these natural areas being the background element of residential areas are topographically sloped mountains in many cities. It is easy to be seen in the distance and it is important to preserve these areas as a visual infrastructure of the urban landscape. The purposes of this study are to extract the factors of landscape impact evaluation for these areas and to clarify the physical landscape variables representing these factors, and to infer the visual-perceptional relationships between image and landscape variables. As results, conceptional three factors were extracted with semantic differential evaluation to classified 18 landscape slide, and three regression models were established with factor score of landscapes and physical variables measured in photographs. On the basis of these relationships, visual-perceptional characteristics were discussed by analyzing the data form eye-movement recording to each of landscapes. The factors of "spatial unfolding of backdropped hilly greenspace", "horizontal quence of residential buildings", and "landscape complexity" prove to be important. And it prove important variables of "skyline of mountainous ridge" and "visual edge of building structure" in regression models and eye fixation movements.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.471-482
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is in identifying the attraction degree of Seonunsan Provincial Park by quantitative analysis. For this, landscape slide test was performed by questionaries. And multiple regression analysis and Factor analysis were performed far identifying the attraction degree of users. The attraction degree of natural resources was evaluated by questionaries about the landscape scene of 120 slides which was pictured at the chief visual corridor So it is considered that tourism route far attracting people into natural characteristic resources should be developed. It is identified once again that factors of $\boxdr$Naturalness$\boxul$,$\boxdr$Uniqueness$\boxul$and $\boxdr$Mysteriousness$\boxul$are important in natural landscape. And 16 explanation variables which explain the attraction degree of viewing landscape were classified as 4 factors. Those were defined as $\boxdr$Ability (FⅠ)$\boxul$, $\boxdr$Season harmony (FII)$\boxul$,$\boxdr$Simplicity (FⅢ)$\boxul$ and $\boxdr$Legibility(FⅣ)$\boxul$. It is identified that the variables of FⅠ, mysteriousness, is a representative image which expresses the characteristics of Seonunsan Provincial Park.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.361-369
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• 2011

As smartphones came into wide use recently, it has become increasingly popular not only among young people, but middle-aged people as well. Most smartphones use capacitive full touch screen, so touch commands are made by fingers unlike the PDAs in the past that use touch pens. In this case, a significant portion of the smartphone's screen is blocked by the finger so it is impossible to see the screens around the finger touching the screen, and difficulty occurs in precise control used for small buttons such as qwerty keyboard. To solve this problem, this research proposes a method of using simple AR markers to improve the interface of smartphones. Sticker-form marker is attached to fingernails and placed in front of the smartphone camera Then, the camera image of the marker is analyzed to determine the orientation of the marker to perceive as onRelease() or onPress() of the mouse depending on the marker's angle of rotation, and use its position as the position of the mouse cursor. This method can enable click, double-click, drag-and-drop used in PCs as well as touch, slide, long-touch-input in smartphones. Through this research, smartphone inputs can be made more precise and simple, and show the possibility of the application of a new concept of smartphone interface.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1227-1237
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• 2017

In this research, a design of mobile web magazine based on Kansei engineering is studied. Following the procedure of Kansei engineering, we executed user survey to discover latent emotion elements in mobile web magazine, which were 'attractive', 'open', and 'unique'. Corresponding design elements were found to be slide design, text layout, and proportion of image. The methodology of universal design was adopted to improves on those design elements so that the proposed design can be applicable to wide range of users. We could verify the potential of the proposed design method through expert interviews on the developed prototype mobile web magazine.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2009.01a
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• pp.803-807
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• 2009

The bobsleigh is a winter sport which use a sled to slide down an ice-covered course. There is a big expectation for having a training environment and being able to train year round. At present, training is very limited due to the season or course facilities. A variety of VR (Virtual Reality) equipment has been developed in recent years, and it is beginning to spread. We have also made our contribution in bobsleigh simulation. The reactive force applied in our bobsleigh simulation is much smaller than that of a real bobsleigh. This paper proposes a method to enhance reactive force of bobsleigh simulation in real time. The reactive force is magnified instantly in the physically-based simulation. The Laplacian filter is applied to the sequence of reactive force, this technique is often used in the field of image processing. The simulation is comprised of four large scale surround screens and a 6-D.O.F. (Degree Of Freedom) motion system. We also conducted an experiment with several motion patterns to evaluate the effectiveness of enhancement. The experimental results proved useful in some cases.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.199-211
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• 2002

Digital substraction technique and computer-assisted densitometirc analysis detect minor change in bone density and thus increase the diagnostic accuracy. This advantage as well as high sensitivity and objectivity which precludes human bias have drawn interest in radiologic research area. The objectives of this study are to verify if Radiographic density can be recognized in linear pattern when density profile of standard periapical radiograph with the aluminium stepwedge as the reference, was investigated under varies circumstances which can be encountered in clinical situations, and in addition to that to obtain mutual relationship between the existing standard radiographic system, and future digital image systems, by confirming the corelationship between the standard radiograph and Digora system which is a digital image system currently being used. In order to make quantitative analysis of the bone tissue, digital image system which uses high resolution automatic slide scanner as an input device, and Digora system were compared and analyzed using multifunctional program, Brain3dsp. The following conclusions were obtained. 1. Under common clinical situation that is 70kVp, 0.2 sec., and focal distance 10cm, Al-Equivalent image equation was found to be Y=11.21X+46.62 $r^2=0.9898$ in standard radiographic system, and Y=12.68X+74.59, $r^2=0.9528$ in Digora system, and linear relation was confirmed in both the systems. 2. In standard radiographic system, when all conditions were maintained the same except for the condition of developing solution, Al-Equivalent image equation was Y=10.07X+41.64, $r^2=0.9861$ which shows high corelationship. 3. When all conditions were maintained the same except for the Kilovoltage peak, linear relationship was still maintained under 60kVp, and Al-Equivalent image equation was Y=14.60X+68.86, $r^2=0.9886$ in the standard radiograhic system, and Y=13.90X+80.68, $r^2=0.9238$ in Digora system. 4. When all conditions were maintained the same except for the exposure time which was varied from 0.01 sec. to 0.8 sec., Al-Equivalent image equation was found to be linear in both the standard radiographic system and Digora system. The R-square was distributed from 0.9188 to 0.9900, and in general, standard radiographic system showed higher R-square than Digora system. 5. When all conditions were maintained the same except for the focal distance which was varied from 5cm to 30cm, Al-Equivalent image equation was found to be linear in both the standard radiographic system and Digora system. The R-square was distributed from 0.9463 to 0.9925, and the standard radiographic system had the tendency to show higher R-square in shorter focal distances.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1999

Of the vast number of plant taxa in the world, the wood is one of the most useful resources. It is important to identify the fibers of wood and pulp for the plant taxonomy and for the uses, but we do not have enough information on them, on them, especially for the computerizd data. The fiber identification is one of the difficult tasks. In addition to the plant taxonomy and the fiber-using industries, such identification is also important in many other fields, including education. document examiners, etc. For these purpose, the fibers should be exactly distinguished. The TISS system I have programed to identify various woods would also be useful in the identification of fibers by the genus and species in the features of unknown samples and in searching the features of a species based on its scientific name. Such searching programs are being developed in many other countries with a view to searching for the species name by using the features of the cells of the woody materials. With the survey of all the available literature, the features of the fibers of 124 species both of softwood and hardwood were examined under the electron and optical microscopies. Each species were coded and carded by the feature, and the databases were built. The microscopic were inputted into a personal computer program called and by a slide film scanner. The new computer program called TISS 2 was developed using C computer language. Korean language fonts were added to the TISS 2. The TISS 2 can be in adding and searching a image of fiber features both of a known fiber and an unknown fiber. The databases were corded for the DELTA system with was developed by Dallwitz and Paine in Australia, 1986.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.425-436
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial relationship between the landslides occurred by typhoon, Rusa in 2002 and geospatial dataset. Landslide locations were detected using satellite image and field survey. Topogra-phy, soil, forest, geology and land use data sets were constructed as a spatial database in GIS. From the database, slope, aspect, curvature, water system, type of topography, texture, material, drainage, effective thickness of soil, type, age, diameter, density of wood, lithology, lineament of geology, land use and lineament were used as the land-slide occurrence factors. Using a frequence ratio model, the spatial relationships between the landslides and the factors were extracted. The spatial relationships is helpful to explain the characteristics of the landslide, and to make landslide susceptibility map.