• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.16
• /
• pp.129-157
• /
• 1989

Through this study, some considerations to be taken into account in order to construct the user model for the user friendly system which can provide each individuals user armed with varied intellectual level with the relevant information, can be summarized as follows : (1) The user' ability to use the system and users' subject knowledge, the distribution of the users' level knowledge should be considered for the decision of the typed of interaction between the users and the system. (2) the knowledge of the user models should include the following kinds of knowledge inharmony with one another, 1. Standard user knowledge which represents a general characteristic of user group, 2. individual user knowledge which represents an individual's unique characteristic, 3. Long-term user knowledge which represents the education level and subject background of users, 4. short-term user knowledge which represents the purpose of information science and information need by users (3) As knowledge generation technique, both the implicit method and explicit method should be a n.0, pplied, observation of the system during the interaction, and explicit method generates the knowledge by the user's answering the questions already made by the system. (4) The frame technique as the knowledge representation for the user-modelling in which user-knowledge is represented in a limited situation and in a qualitative aspects, can be recommended. The frame is adequated for the explanation of structured situation, and for the processing the present situation by inferring the previous experiences.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.6
• /
• pp.219-233
• /
• 1999

This paper presents a real-time implementation of a speaker independent speech recognition system based on a discrete hidden markov model(DHMM). This system is developed for a car navigation system to design on-chip VLSI system of speech recognition which is used by fixed point Oak DSP core of DSP GROUP LTD. We analyze recognition procedure with C language to implement fixed point real-time algorithms. Based on the analyses, we improve the algorithms which are possible to operate in real-time, and can verify the recognition result at the same time as speech ends, by processing all recognition routines within a frame. A car noise is the colored noise concentrated heavily on the low frequency segment under 400 Hz. For the noise robust processing, the high pass filtering and the liftering on the distance measure of feature vectors are applied to the recognition system. Recognition experiments on the twelve isolated command words were performed. The recognition rates of the baseline recognizer were 98.68% in a stopping situation and 80.7% in a running situation. Using the noise processing methods, the recognition rates were enhanced to 89.04% in a running situation.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.91-105
• /
• 2008

Nowadays, circulation industry is taking charge of important role in improvement of competitive power on the manufacturing industry and public welfare increase of consumer, price stabilization, employment creation and so on. A lot of research have been progressing for formation of total circulation complex, but decision making for selection of location on some facility is only calculated the optimum value when correct data values are inserted. However, a lot of decision making is accomplished in situation that have little knowledge of objective and constraints and as real world is also evaluated inclusive of analyst's subjectivity about variable, indefinite and fuzzy part, so it is decreasing a reliability on evaluation result and complicating objective evaluation on various effect and negative impact. Accordingly, from under like this situation, this study is to develop location decision model of circulation complex using fuzzy theory from the intention for the most reasonable decision making in fuzzy situation based on decision making problem on conventional location and size decision that did to be satisfactory constraints necessarily.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
• /
• v.52 no.8
• /
• pp.456-463
• /
• 2014

Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA), published by California Dental Association in 2003, is a customized caries care system that classifies individuals' caries risk into 4 risk groups based on objective evidences and provides chemical treatments targeted for each caries risk level. However, this system was not only developed but also optimized for situation in the United States, resulting into many limitations to be used in Korea, and thus Korean CAMBRA (K-CAMBRA) that considers the clinical situation in Korea needs to be developed. K-CAMBRA includes various techniques that are newly developed in order to overcome the limitations. First, Q-ray, a new optical technology, is utilized in order to avoid the subjectivity of visual inspection during assessment of disease indicators and risk factors. Moreover, Cariview? that reflects the paradigm shift in cariology as a new form of caries assessment kit is used. In addition, considering the situation in Korea, where it is impossible to use high concentration fluoride product, Oral pack with a customized tray is added to increase the contact time of chemical substance. CAMBRA is believed to be the key clinical tool that overcomes the limitations of the paradigm of the conventional restoration-based surgical model of dentistry. Furthermore, it can be expected that Korean dentists can act as oral physicians who are able to control and care individuals' caries risk rather than operative experts who only care about the outcome of caries.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2013.10a
• /
• pp.119-123
• /
• 2013

We conduct the research for reducing aeroacoustic noise occurred when a vehicle operates in high speed situation without modifying the structural configuration such as deforming A-pillar's side curvature. We introduce PAU (Pneumatic Auxiliary Unit) which is a sort of air duct using intake air through radiator grill. According to our research, we can reduce overall noise levels around the surface of HSM (Hyundai Simplified Model). When a vehicleruns 100km/s, area-weighted acoustic power level (AWAPL) indicates 33dB without PAU. However with PAU, coverall AWAPL is decreased to 29dB which means we can improvesilentness approximately 12% compared to ordinary case. Moreover we conduct similar implementation to steering situation especially about yawing. In varioussituations, -10, 0, 10 degree of yawing, we observe 10% reduction in the upstream region of HSM but little increase in downstream region. It seems that inlet air overlap turbulent kinetic energy to surrounding flow. Even though downstream region's noise is louder than upstream region, overall AWAPL is still lower than conventional condition. We also apply this scheme to the real vehicle situation, then we get reasonable output which can support our research outputs.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.66 no.3
• /
• pp.228-242
• /
• 2022

In this study, the educational effect was investigated by providing a teaching program so that pre-service chemistry teachers could apply model ignorance education to teacher training practice. The teaching program was constructed in consideration of the sensemaking concept proposed in the study of Odden & Russ and the process of teacher sensemaking proposed by Asli et al. The subjects of this study were 23 pre-service teachers in the 4th year of chemistry education department at a teacher training university in the central region of Korea. In order to form a sensemaking for the model's ignorance education, the teaching program consisted of four stages; the initial idea generation stage, cognition of model's ignorance stage in a inconsistent situation, the lesson strategy construction stage for model ignorance education, and lesson plan & practice stage during teacher training practice. In the first stage of this program, pre-service teachers' initial ideas about the Arrhenius model and Bronsted-Lowry model of acid-base reaction, and the electron transfer model of the oxidation-reduction reaction were investigated. In the second stage, inconsistant situation that cannot be explained by the knowledge of model was presented to recognize the ignorance of the model. The third stage was to develop the teaching ability of model's ignorance through textbook analysis and lesson strategy composition activities. As a final stage, during the teacher training practice, the pre-service teachers were asked to plan and practice the implementation of the model's ignorance education. Through the teaching program to form a sensemaking for ignorance education of the models, pre-service teachers had come to recognize the ignorance of the model, acquired ability to organize and execute lesson strategies reflecting model ignorance, and acquired recognition of the educational value and necessity of teaching the ignorance of models.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.19 no.5 s.67
• /
• pp.303-312
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to suggest theoretical basis of touch point analysis model in terms of an integrated marketing communications using one specific case study. Results of previous studies have shown several weaknesses. However, this study was carried out to overcome such a weakness. In order to perform this case study, one specific MP3 player was chosen with a market situation analysis. Compared to previous practical situation, the results of this study should be improved in that this model suggested a theoretical basis dealing with synergy effects as well as a correct understanding in consumer's purchase process. Based on the outcome of this study, we hope to see other similar studies which can be of help to the practical efficiency in integrated marketing communication.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.14 no.6 s.53
• /
• pp.57-65
• /
• 2005

This research is about the methods in making computers understand the situation in regards to interaction between House and Human Behavior. In this paper, house is the ubiquitous house, as a future house, adopting ubiquitous computing presenting the interrelation of human and house - interior space, architecture, nature. And the Context Aware Model of ubiquitous house is proposed to embody the ubiquitous house. The research objective is to systematize the context in the ubiquitous house and suggest a theoretical basis to embody the ubiquitous house interacting between the House ud Human Behavior Especially, this paper focuses on the Context Aware Model based on FengShui-Theory(sp. YangTaek-Theory). The ubiquitous house is not what operates passively by human but a information-oriented house that can predict the situation and the living patterns of human. For a information-oriented house and informal living context at home, this paper uses FengShui-Theory whose central concern is the interrelation of human and nature. Through these concepts, this research will suggest how to systematize, control and manage the context at home. In the end, it is expected to offer a theoretical basis to embody the intelligent house and apply an environment design communicating between the computers and human.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.225-236
• /
• 2010

This study proposes a method for the recognition of emergency situation according to the bimodal information of camera image sensor and gravity sensor. This method can recognize emergency condition by mutual cooperation and compensation between sensors even when one of the sensors malfunction, the user does not carry gravity sensor, or in the place like bathroom where it is hard to acquire camera images. This paper implemented HMM(Hidden Markov Model) based learning and recognition algorithm to recognize actions such as walking, sitting on floor, sitting at sofa, lying and fainting motions. Recognition rate was enhanced when image feature vectors and gravity feature vectors are combined in learning and recognition process. Also, this method maintains high recognition rate by detecting moving object through adaptive background model even in various illumination changes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2011.11a
• /
• pp.66-68
• /
• 2011

VTS 협력항해는 수많은 상황판단과 자율적인 행위자들의 의사결정들의 집합체이다. 선박이 서로 영향을 끼치며 상호작용하기 때문에 발생하는 불확실성이 바로 VTS 협력항해가 해결해야 하는 문제 상황이다. 이러한 불확실성으로 인한 항해위험을 극복하기 위해서는 상황자각과 의사결정이 항해사 개별 차원에서 뿐만 아니라 모든 항해자들이 서로 도우면서 VTS 협력항해 전체적인 차원에서 이루어져야 한다는 점을 중점적으로 논의하였다. 본고에서는 해양사고의 원인으로서 조선기술의 미숙보다는 항해관련 인지기술이 더 직접적으로 작용한다는 점을 주장하면서, 더 나아가 기왕에 발생한 해양사고를 상황자각 관점에서 접근함으로써 해양사고의 인적과실과 관련한 심층적인 분석을 할 수 있다는 것을 밝혔다. 항해의 인지과업을 1단계 상황자각에서부터 분산의사결정에 이르는 과정으로 세분화하고, 이런 관점에서 접근함으로써 해양사고의 원인으로 작용하는 인적과실을 심도 있게 분석할 수 있었다. 인지과업의 세분화를 통해서 항해사들이 각 단계별로 에러를 수정할 수 있는 여유를 확보할 수 있게 하고, 사고로 이어지는 인과 고리를 차단하는 한편 보다 안전한 대안을 찾아 실행할 수 있다는 점을 부각시켰다. 이런 연구결과를 항해사의 훈련 과정에 접목함으로써 해양사고의 위험을 획기적으로 줄일 수 있다는 것을 밝히고자 노력하였다.