• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.363-368
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• 2007

목 적 : 소아 심경부 농양은 항생제 치료가 보편화되고 구강 위생이 향상되어 감소하는 질병으로 생각되었으나, 최근 발생 빈도가 다시 증가하고 있다는 보고가 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 몇 년간의 소아 심경부 농양 사례들을 분석하여 치료에 도움이 되고자 하였다. 방 법 : 순천향 대학교 부속 부천 병원에서 2001년 2월부터 2006년 7월까지 임상증상과 경부 CT 및 경부 초음파 검사를 통해 심경부 농양으로 진단받은 16세 이하 30례의 소아를 대상으로 임상적 자료를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 발생 연령은 평균 9세(2세-16세)였으며 11세 이상이 14례(46%)로 대부분을 차지하였고 남녀 비는 19:11이었다. 편도주위 17례(57%), 인두후부 9례(30%), 인두주위 공간 4례(13%) 순서로 발생하였다. 선행 원인을 알 수 없는 경우가 11례(37%)였으며, 밝혀진 원인으로는 상기도 감염이 10례(33%), 치성감염 4례(14%)였고, 그 외 경부림프절염 3례(10%)와 부비동염 2례(6%)가 있었다. 치성감염이 선행 원인이었던 4례는 모두 인두주위 농양이었고, 부비동염과 연관되어 발생한 2례는 모두 인두후부 농양이었다. 임상 증상은 발열 16례(53%), 인후통 15례(50 %), 경구 섭취 저하 10례(33%), 연하곤란 8례(27%), 경부통증 8례(27%)의 순이었다. 진찰 소견은 편측 편도비대 및 전위가 15례(50%)로 가장 흔하였고, 압통을 동반한 경부종창 13례(43%), 경부강직 3례(10%) 및 개구장애 3례(10%)가 있었다. 농양의 세균배양 검사를 실시한 10례 중 8례에서 균이 동정되었고, 연쇄상구균이 7례, Micrococcus luteus 1례였다. Micrococcus luteus 1례를 제외하고는 모두 penicillin G에 감수성을 보였다. 12례(40%)에서 항생제와 함께 외과적 처치를 병용하였으며, 나머지 18례(60%)에서는 항생제만을 사용하였다. 이 두 군 간에 입원 기간과 항생제 투여 기간에 차이는 없었으며, 전례에서 합병증이 발생한 경우는 없었다. 결 론 : 소아 심경부 농양은 편도주위 농양이 가장 흔하였다. 밝혀진 선행 원인으로는 상기도 감염이 가장 흔하였으며, 치성감염, 부비동염도 원인으로 작용하였다. 주로 발열, 인후통, 경부 통증 등으로 발현하였고, 기도 폐쇄 증상을 보인 경우는 없었다. 원인균은 연쇄상구균이 대부분을 차치하였다. 60%에서 항생제 투여만으로 치유 가능했던 것으로 미루어 소아 심경부 농양은 조기 진단만 된다면 항생제만으로 치료가 가능한 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.149-165
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• 2000

As recent developments of Immunology and Nuclear medicine, serum IgE and IgG values are helpful in the diagnosis and evaluation of the therapeutic effects of nasal allergies. But in Korea, air pollution and the increased use of food additives have become leading factors in nasal allergies, It seems to be induced by environmental change, especially industrialization and urbanization, so allergic rhinitis in our environment has changed in accordance with the changes made in the living environment. Therefore this study is attempted in order to observe a clinical analysis which places more importance on allergic rhinitis. We studied 200 patients who had visited Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center with allergic rhinitis from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 1999 The results were as follows: 1. The sex distribution was 114 males(57%) and 86 females(43%). In age distribution, the average age was 25. In males, ages ranged from 3 to 66 years old and the average was 23.81. In females, ages ranged from 4 to 67 years old and the average was 28.57. The peak age was 30～39 years old(24%); under 9 years old and 10～19 years old were each 18%; 20～29 years old was 22%; 40～49 years old was 11 %; over 50 years old 6.5%. The gulf between males and females showed a statistically significant difference(P<0.025). 2. In the age of onset, male' s maximum was 62.5, minimum was 0.25; female s maximum was 59.5, minimum was 0.2. Under 9 years old was the most with 34%(male 24%, female 10%), 10～19 years old was 18%, 20～29 years old was 22.5%, 30～39 years old was 13.50%, over 40 years old was 12%, The gulf between males and females were showed statistically significant difference.(p<0.014) 3. The average duration of the disease was 5.67 years. In male and female, the maximum was 30, the minimum was 0.05; under 5 years old was the most with 62%(male 34.50%, female 27.50%); 6～10 years old was 23%. So, under 10 years old was 85%. There was no statistically significant difference in the duration of disease. 4. Regarding type of residence, 47.50% of patients with allergic rhinitis lived in apartments, 52.50% lived in houses. In males, 29.50% lived in apartments, 27.50% lived in houses. In females, 18% lived in apartments, 25% lived in houses. There was no statistically significant difference in the residence by T-test and chi-test. 5. In the distribution of season, spring is the most with 29.5% of patients, winter 28%, fall 25.5%, and summer 17%. But there was no statistically significant difference. 6. After observing 200 patients with allergic rhinitis, classifying main symptoms into 5 types, sneezing was the main symptom in 177cases(88.50%), nasal obstruction in 176cases(88%), rhinorrhea in 169cases(84.5%), post nasal discharge in 87cases(43.50%), and itching in I04cases(52%). The Cumulus ration is 98.50% and symptoms overlapped with an average 3.57±0.1 times but in an analysis of variance of these symptoms, the gulf between males and females was not recognized as statistically significant by T-test and ANOVA. 7. Patients whose families have allergic diseases account for 90 cases(45%) : 49cases(24.50%) male and 41cases(20.50%) female. There were 4 cases (71.11 %) whose families have allergic rhinitis, 9cases(10%) of asthma, and 7.78% with allergic dermatitis. There were 61 (67.80%) cases of patients whose parents have allergic diseases; cases wherein the patient s child had allergic diseases numbered 13 (14.45%); and cases with a sibling with allergic diseases totalled 16cases (17.80%). There was no statistically significant difference in allergic disease regarding sex, parents, or siblings by chi-test. 8. Blood type: For males, type A is the most common, with 37cases(18.5%), followed by type B with 32cases(16%), type O 28cases(l4%) and type AB 13cases(6.5%). For females, type B is the most common, with 30cases(15%), followed by type O with 23cases(l1.5%), type A with 18cases(9%) and type AB with 13cases(6.5%). There was no statistically significant difference in blood type by chi-test. 9. In the selection of prefered food, most patients prefer cool food, with 98 such cases(49%), tepid food in 54cases(27%) and warm food in 48cases(24%). These showed a statistically significant difference in the selection of prefered food between males and females by chi-test(p<0.009). 10. The state of Past History was classified into II types. chronic hypertrophic rhinitis is the most common with 11cases (18.64%), tonsil and adenoid hypertrophy is 8cases(l3.56%), sinusitis is 6cases(10.17%), nasal septum deviation is 4cases, nasal polyp is 2cases, others are 10cases(l6.95%). No statistically significant difference in past history between males and females was shown, but a statistically significant difference was shown when males and females were compared with total cases by T-test(p<0.002, P<0.0008). 11. Regarding complications, 37 patients (28.91%) had sinusitis: 22cases(17.19%) in male, 15cases(11.72%) in female. Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis was found in 15cases(11.72%). Others are under 10%. There was no statistically significant difference in the type of complications between males and females, but a statistically significant difference was shown when males and females were compared with total cases by T-test(P<0.00l, P<0.007). 12. In the treatment, medication was used 1691 times, an average of 2.58 times. No.34 was used 370 times for 124 cases, an average of 2.98 times. No. 152 was used 318 times for 106 cases, an average of 3.00 times. No.151 was used 307 times for 97cases, an average of 3.16 times. No. 31 was used 117 times for 33 cases, an average of 3.55 times. No 25 was used 116 times for 33 cases, an average of 3.52 times. 13. In the duration of treatment, the most frequent is 1 week(69cases, 34.50%), the maximum is 20weeks, and the minimum is 1week. A treatment period of 2～3 weeks accounted for 32% of cases, a period of 4～5weeks accounted for 13.5%. The gulf between males and females showed a statistically significant difference in the duration of treatment.(p<0.01). There was a statistical significance when the males were compared with total cases by ANOVA(P<0.03). 14. A comparison between before-treatment and after-treatment showed a statistically significant difference in treatment by T-test (p<0.01) and F-test (p<0.0058).

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2005

We analyzed statistics study in 1394 patients, who had visited to the Dept. of dermatology, ophthalmology & otorhinolaryngology Hospital of Oriental Medicine Sangji University from July, 2003 to December, 2004. The results were as follows. 1. Distribution of ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology and dermatology classification was 14.23% in ophthalmology, 13.92% in rhinology, 4.79% in laryngology, 23.05% in dermatology, 8.25% in otology, 2.14% in stomatology and 33.63% in other. 2. Ophthalmology group were 12.39% males and 14.16% females in 61years old over. In treatment term, opthalmology patients who had treated for 2 weeks within were 85.84%. Blepharism and asthenopia were the most common ophthalmologic disease. 3. Rhinology group were 18.10% males in 11-20 years old and 14.48% females in 10 years old within. In treatment term, rhinology patients who had treated for 2 weeks within were 70.59%. Rhinitis and sinusitis were the most common rhiniologic disease. 4. Otology group were 19.08% males and 16.80% females in 61years old over. In treatment term, otologic patients who had treated for 2 weeks within were 64.89%. Tinnitus and vertigo were the most common otologic disease. 5. Laryngology group were 10.53% males and 17.11% females 41-50 years old. In treatment term, laryngology patients who had treated for 2 weeks within were 85.53%. pharyngitis and abnormal pharyngolarylgeal region sensation were the most common laryngologic disease. 6. Stomatology group were 11.76% males in 31-40, 41-50 years old and 17.65% females in 61 years old over. In treatment term, stomatology patients who had treated for 2 weeks within were 82.35%. Stomatitis and labium spasm were the most common stomatologic disease. 7. Dermatology group were 11.75% males and 15.30% females in 21-30 years old. In treatment term, dermatology patients who had treated for 2 weeks within were 72.95%. Acne and urticaria were the most common dermatologic disease. 8. Other group were 8.99% males in 41-50 years old and 14.04% female in 61 years old over. In treatment term, other group patients who had treated for 2 weeks within were 69.29%. Bell's palsy and common cold were the most common other disease.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2011

목 적 : 소아청소년과에 입원하는 흔한 원인 질병을 조사하여, 기간별 연령군별 질병의 분포를 확인하고 그 역학적 변화를 추정하기 위하여 본 연구를 계획하였다. 방 법: 1997년부터 2008년까지 소아청소년과 입원환자를 대상으로, 인구학적 특징, 입원일, 질병코드(ICD-10)를 조사하였다. 연구 기간은 전반기(1997-2002)와 후반기(2003-2008)로 양분하였고, 연령은 영아기, 유아기, 학령기 및 청소년기, 4군으로 구분하여 다빈도 질병을 비교하였다. 결 과: 12년간 입원 환자수는 총 33,513명이었다. 다빈도 질병은 폐렴(J12-J18; 21.2%), 장염(A00-A09; 17.8%), 모세기관지염(J21; 11.9%) 등 순이었고, 1-10위 다빈도 질병은 전체의 79.1%를 차지하였다. 기간별 비교에서 호흡기 감염질환(모세기관지염, 중이염, 부비동염)과 림프절 종대, 농가진/봉와직염으로 입원한 환자수는 증가하였고 무균 수막염, 장중첩증, 홍역, 신증후군/신염으로 입원한 환자수는 감소하였다. 연령군별로 다빈도 질병의 분포에 차이를 보이기도 하여서 질병에 따른 호발 연령군을 확인하였다. 결 론:다빈도 질병은 기간별 연령군별로 차이를 보였다. 이러한 역학적 변화는 소아청소년과의 진료계획 수립에 반영되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.640-650
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• 1995

After the introduction of National Medical Insurance in 1989, the medical demand has rapidly increased. The impact of increased medical demand was followed by an increase in the number of claims in need of review. We studied a new, fair method for reducing the number of claims reviewed. We analysed 90,583 outpatient claims submitted between September and October; claims were made for services given August of 1994. We finally suggested a screening system for claims review using a statistical method of discriminant analysis of the medical costs. The results were as follows. 1. In the cut-off group, age, days of medication, number of hospital or clinic visits, and total charge were significantly high. The cut-off rates according to the hospital-type and existence of accompanied disease were significantly different 2. According to ICD, the cut-off rate was highest in peripheral enthesopathies and allied syndromes(20.76%), lowest in acute sinusitis(0.93%). The mean charges were significantly different according to ICD and existence of cut-off. 3. We build discriminant functions by ICD with such discriminant variables as patient age, sex, existence of accompanied disease, number of hospital or clinic visits, and 9 detailed hospital or clinic charges included in claim. 4. We applied the discriminant function for screening those claims that were expected to be cut-off. The sensitivities comprised from 40% to 70%, and specificities from 70% to 95% by ICD. Acute rhinitis had highest sensitivity(100.00%) and other local infections of skin and subcutaneous tissue had highest specificity(98.45%). The expected number of cut-off was 17,762(19.61%). The total sensitivity was 49.62%, the total specificity was 82.57% and the error rate was 19.66%. We lacked economic analysis such as cost-benefit analysis. But, if the new method of screening claims using discriminant analysis were applied, the number of claims in need of review will reduce considerably.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.174-182
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• 2000

Objectives : In order to apply herbal medicine to aroma-therapy, we observed clinically remedical effect for allergic rhinitis of aroma-therapy using herbal medicine. Methods : Twenty-four allergic rhinitis patients were treated in the Kun-po Oriental Medical Hospital of Wonkwang University from September 2000 to October 2000. They were treated with aroma-therapy and analyzed clinically. Results : 1. 25.0% (6 cases) of all cases involved pre-teenagers; teenagers 29.2% (7 cases); patients in their 20s, 20.8% (5 cases); patients in their 30s, 12.5% (3 cases); patients in their 40s, 8.3% (2 cases); patients in their 50s, 4.2% (1 cases). 2. The ratio of male to female patients was 58.3%(14 cases) to 41.7%(10 cases). 3. Cases involving patients under the age of six months was 0%; under 1 year 12.5% (3 cases); under 2 years 33.3%(8 cases); under 3 years 16.7%(4 cases); over 3 years 37.5%(9 cases). 4. Past history : The cases of sinusitis were 33.3%(8 cases); otitis media 20.8%(5 cases), bronchitis 16.7%(4 cases), atopic dermatitis 12.5%(3 cases), asthma 8.3%(2 cases). 5. The ratio of allergic onset based on seasons were : spring 16.7%(4 cases), summer 0%, fall 29.2%(7 cases), winter 16.7%(4 cases), and not defined 37.5%(9 cases). 6. The cases of nasal obstruction was 91.7%(22 cases); followed by : sneezing 83.3(20 cases), white rhinorrhea 70.8%(17 cases), eye itching 66.7%(16 cases), nasal itching 58.3%(14 cases), rhinalgia 58.3%(14 cases), postnasal drip 50.0%(12 cases), headache 41.7%(10 cases), yellow rhinorrhea 33.3%(8 cases), cough 33.3%(8 cases), fatigue 29.2%(7 cases). 7. The cases of familial factor was 66.7%(16 cases); the non-familial factor 33.3%(8 cases). 8. The remedical effect of the treatment showed an improvement in 58.4% of the total cases studied. 9. The improvement-rate of the 1st group (mahwang group) was 66.7%; of the 2nd group (hwangkum group) 48.5%, and of the 3rd group (pine group) 55.8%. Conclusions : Considering the above results, we have concluded that the remedical effect for allergic rhinitis of aroma-therapy using herbal medicine showed to be intentional in comparison with aroma-therapy using aroma-oil.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.352-358
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• 2011

Purpose: This study evaluated the prognosis and survival rate of SLA (Sandblasted, Large-grit and Acid-etched) implants and it also evaluated the prosthodontic complications and the associated factors. Methods: Twenty seven patients (14 men and 13 women, mean age: 54.9) who visited Chosun University Hospital Implant Center with the chief desire for placement of an implant in an edentulous area from March, 2008 to December 2008 and who received placement of a SLA implant ($Implantium^{(R)}$, Dentium Co., Korea) were selected for this study. Results: The average follow-up period was 15 months and the study was based on the treatment records, radiographs and clinical examinations. A total of 69 implant cases were retrospectively assessed for the width and length of the implant, the primary and secondary stability, the combined surgery, the employed bone graft material and barrier membrane, the status of the opposing tooth, implant failure and the prosthetic complications. During the follow-up period (average: 15 months), the accumulative survival rate of the 69 implants in 27 patients was 100%. Complications such as infection, sinusitis and fixture exposure after surgery were seen for 5 implants in 4 patients. Complications such as screw loosening, contact loosening and peri-implant gingivitis after prosthodontic treatment occurred in 7 cases (10.14%). Conclusion: This study reports placement of SLA implants may cause various complications, yet the final accumulative survival rate was 100%. The SLA implant ($Implantium^{(R)}$) has an excellent clinical survival rate and outcome.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study is to collect the statistics of pediatric problems and to develop more effective oriental medical treatments for pediatric diseases, their clinical applicability, and chief complaints on pediatric inpatients in oriental hospitals. Methods The study was composed of seventy inpatients that were age from 0 to 20, had received hospital treatment at the pediatrics in Dongguk Bun-Dang Oriental Medicine Hospital for seven years from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2008. The chief complaints were mainly categorized by oral examination on their patients. Results 1. In this study, male children were thirty one and female children were 39. Thus, sex ration of male to female was 0.79:1. 2. In age distribution, one month to one year were three (4.3%), 1 to six years were forty two (60%), six to ten years were fifteen (21.4%), and ten to twenty years were ten (14.3%). 3. In November, the number of inpatients was the highest (15.7%) in a year. However, there were no significant seasonal differences. 4. In the systemic division, the respiratory diseases : 44(62.9%), the digestive diseases : 11(15.7%), the infectious diseases : 5(7.1%), the musculoskeletal diseases : 3(4.3%), the diseases of nervous system : 3(4.3%), the gynecologic diseases : 1(1.4%), the liver and biliary disorders : 1(1.4%), and etc. : 3(4.3%). 5. The chief complaint of the inpatients is pneumonia, a common cold, respiratory complex symptoms, rhinitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, tonsillitis, diarrhea and etc. Conclusions The two main causes of inpatients were respiratory diseases and digestive disease. More data of inpatients are required for further study. Thus, the new diseases and treatment methods should be studied as a field of oriental medical treatment.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.230-237
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• 2020

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is known as a bacterium that can cause skin infections, respiratory system infections, and sinusitis; however, it can exist as a normal flora rather than a pathogen. Recently, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections have emerged in the community as a new variant of community-associated (CA)-MRSA. In the present study, S. aureus and MRSA were isolated and cultured by collecting samples from facilities and environments where students and educational personnel have multiple contacts on university campuses; specifically, the nostrils and hands of college students were tested from July to September of 2019. The molecular properties of the isolated MRSA were analyzed, and the one MRSA strain was isolated from the university campuses. One MRSA that was isolated and cultured on campus was the mec complex group A and staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) mec type II, which is a characteristic of healthcare-associated (HA)-MRSA, and SCCmec type V, which is a characteristic of CA-MRSA. This result was similar to other studies wherein the SCCmec type II was detected in SCCmec typing analysis in CA-MRSA. To confirm whether there is a new variant of CA-MRSA in the Republic of Korea, additional follow-up studies on the analysis of virulence factors of MRSA are needed by additionally separating CA-MRSA from the body parts of university students and educational personnel.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2008

소아 연령에서 침습성 질환의 가장 흔한 원인균인 폐구균은 드물게 용혈성 요독 증후군을 일으키는 원인이 되기도 하며, 심한 폐렴을 일으키는 경우 농흉이나 괴사성 폐렴을 합병하기도 한다. 저자들은 33개월 여자가 폐렴 및 흉막 삼출로 내원하여 용혈성 요독 증후군으로 진행하였고, 급성 호흡곤란증후군 및 괴사성 폐렴이 합병되었으며, 혈액 및 흉수배양검사상 혈청형 19A의 폐구균 감염이 확인된 1례를 경험하였다. 환아는 항생제, 복막투석과 인공호흡기 적용등의 치료를 받았으며, 약 2개월 간의 입원치료 후 신기능이 정상화되어 퇴원하였고, 5년간의 외래 추적관찰 결과 신장 계통의 합병증 및 폐기능의 이상 소견 없이 완전히 회복되었기에 보고하는 바이다.