• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2005

The extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscle island flap is a reliable, safe method for coverage of foot and ankle. There are many variation in approach such as curvilinear, zigzag, L-shaped or vertical longitudinal incision for exposure of the EDB muscle. These approaches use only single incision excluding the distal incision for exposure of the distal tendon. Since dorsalis pedis artery vascular bundle and sinus tarsi branch of the lateral tarsal artery both requires careful dissection, single incision alone may cause not only difficulty in exposure but also skin sloughing at donor site. So we tried to modify the approach into two parallel longitudinal incision, one for dorsalis pedis vascular bundle and the other for sinus tarsi branch exposure. The author treated 9 patient with EDB muscle flap. We used single incision in six patients, and two parallel incision in three patients. All the flap survived. In two parallel incision group, dissection was more easy and rapid. So we would like to suggest that two parallel longitudinal incision approach is better method than the single incision technique for exposure of the EDB muscle flap.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2007

목적: 전방십자인대 파열 후 자가 슬괵건을 이용하여 경골부 잔류 조직 을 보존한 관절경적 전방십자인대 재건술의 임상적 결과를 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2003년 2월부터 2006년 5월까지 치료받은 35예의 증례를 대상으로 하였다. 수상 후 수술까지의 평균 기간은 2.6개월 이었다. 수상의 원인은 대부분 스포츠와 관련된 외상 이었다. 평균 추시 기간은 17개월 이었다. 경골부 잔류 조직은 전방십자인대 재건술 동안 손상을 입지 않도록 가능한 주의를 기울이며 보존하였다. 수술 후 재활은 신전 제한 보조기로 2주 동안 관절 운동을 연기한다는 것을 제외하고는 전방십자인대 재건술 후 일반적 재활과 동일하게 하였다. 임상적 평가에는 운동 범위, Lachman 검사, pivot-shift 검사, KT-2000 arthrometer로 전방 전위 측정, Lysholm score 및 한 쪽 다리 지지검사(single limb standing test)로 고유수용 감각을 측정하는 방법을 이용하였다. 결과: 슬관절의 운동범위는 굴곡 구축 없이 정상이었고 Lachman 검사와 pivot-shift검사에서는 모두 음성이었다. KT-2000 arthrometer를 이용한 환측과 건측의 전방전위 차이는 6.7mm에서 2.2 mm로 향상되었다. Lysholm score의 평균은 수술전 81점에서 추시시 96점으로 향상되었다. 고유 수용감각 측정을 위한 한 쪽 다리 지지 검사(single limb standing test)에서는 정상 측 다리와 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 전방십자인대 파열 후 경골부 잔류 조직을 보존하는 재건술은 기계적 수용기와 고유 수용 감각을 보존하고 좋은 기능적 회복을 기대할 수 있는 술식으로 사료되나, 더 많은 증례로 장기간의 추시 관찰이 요할 것으로 사료 된다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2008

회전근 개 파열에 대한 봉합 수술의 목적은 봉합 초기에 고정력을 높이고 건-골 사이의 간격 형성을 최소화 하며 반복적인 부하에 기계적인 안정성을 유지시키고 회전근 개의 끝이 뼈에 부착되어 치유될 때까지 건-골 사이의 치유 환경을 최적화시키는 것이다. 일열 봉합은 원래의 회전근 개 부착부에 건을 완전히 부착시키는 면적이 제일 적고 간격 형성에 취약하다. 이열 봉합은 고정 실패를 방지하는 힘이 일열 봉합보다는 우수하고 간격 형성도 더 적으며 교량형 봉합은 최대 인장력이 가장 크며 전단력 및 회전력에 강하고 간격 형성도 제일 적다. 이러한 것을 볼 때 이열 봉합 및 교량형 봉합이 일열 봉합보다 우수한 점이 많지만 수술 시간이 좀 더 오래 걸리고 삽입하는 나사못의 개수도 많아 수술료가 비싸다는 단점도 가지고 있다. 따라서 일열 봉합도 회전근 개의 점액 낭측 부분층 파열이나 작은 완전 파열에 쓰여질 수 있는 아직은 유용한 방법으로 사료된다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2020

In this study, the design of anchorage zone for unbonded post-tensioned concrete beam with single tendons of ultimate strength 2400MPa was evaluated to verify that the KDS 14 20 60(2016) and KHBDC 2010 codes are applicable. The experimental results showed that the bursting force equation of current design codes underestimated bursting stress measured by test, because the KDS 14 20 60(2016) and KHBDC 2010 propose the location of the maximum bursting force 0.5h which is the half of the height of member regardless of stress contribution. Although the allowable bearing force calculated by current design codes was not satisfied the prestressing force, the cracks and failure in anchorage zone was not observed due to the strengthening effect of anchorage zone reinforcement.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.61-76
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to report the clinical results of various medical methods (including Chuna joint mobilization) used to treat a single patient with polyneuritis. Methods : We treated a 46 year-old female patient diagnosed with polyneuritis using various methods, including acupuncture, moxibustion, infrared therapy, herbal medication, Western medication, Chuna manual therapy, and physical therapy. We evaluated the results using the numeric rating scale (NRS), manual muscle test (MMT), active range of motion (ROM), modified barthel index (MBI). Other evaluation scale included Deep tendon reflex and thickness of muscle especially forearm and lower leg. Results : Following treatment using a combination of the above methods, the general overall condition of the patients was significantly improved. Furthermore, the NRS, MMT, MBI, and the active ROM scores were numerically improved. Conclusions : In this case, a single patient with polyneuritis was treated using a combination of Korean and Western medical methods. Although this study provides useful insight into treatment methods, further studies are required to determine the treatment effects of Korean medicine, specifically Chuna manual therapy, in patients with polyneuritis.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.194-203
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• 2024

The anatomical variations of coracobrachialis muscle (CBM) are of great clinical importance. This study aimed to elucidate the morphological variations, innervation patterns and musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) relation to CBM. Upper limbs of fifty cadavers (30 males and 20 females) were examined for proximal and distal attachments, innervation pattern of CBM and its relation to MCN. Four morphological types of CBM were identified according to number of its heads. The commonest type was the two-headed (63.0%) followed by the single belly (22.0%), three-headed (12.0%) and lastly four-headed (3.0%) type. Moreover, an abnormal insertion of CBM was observed in four left limbs (4.0%); one inserting into the medial humeral epicondyle, the second into the upper third of humeral shaft, the third one in the common tendon of biceps, and the fourth one showing a bifurcated insertion. Also, four different innervation patterns of CBM were identified including MCN (80.0%), lateral cord (14.0%), lateral root of median nerve (4.0%), and median nerve itself (2.0%). The course of MCN was superficial to the single belly CBM (19.0%) and in-between the heads in the other types (71.0%). Measurements of the length and original distance of CBM muscular branches originating from MCN revealed no sex or side significant difference. Awareness of the anatomic variations, innervation patterns, and MCN relation of CBM is imperative in recent diagnostic and surgical procedures to obtain definite diagnosis, effective management and good outcome.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2008

이상적인 회전근 개 봉합술은 봉합 초기 높은 고정 강도로 봉합 부위 건-골간 간격 형성을 최소화시키며, 재활 과정 중 발생하는 반복적인 부하에도 견디는 기계적 강도를 나타내어 궁극적으로 건-골 조직의 생물학적 치유를 얻을 수 있는 방법이다. 현재 사용되는 회전근 개 봉합술 중 교량형 봉합술식은 회전근 개 부착 부위를 해부학적으로 복원할 수 있으며, 건-골간 압력 접촉 면적을 증가시키고, 방사형의 봉합 형태를 통하여 회전근 개 전체에 균등하게 압력을 분포함으로 부하를 분산시키며 생물학적 치유를 향상시킨다. 또한 건-골간 간격 형성을 최소화하며 전단 및 회전 응력에 저항력을 주어 정상과 동일한 해부학적 복원력으로 빠른 재활 운동을 가능하게 한다. 그러나 비록 교량형 봉합술식이 다른 술식에 비해 우수한 생역학적 특성을 나타내도 임상적으로 더 좋은 결과를 초래한다는 증거는 없으며, 이열 봉합술과는 비슷한 재파열율이 보고되고 있다. 회전근 개봉합술의 선택은 회전근 개 파열 크기, 파열 양상 및 건의 상태 등을 고려하여 적절하게 선택하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.776-779
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• 2006

Purpose: Prior to closure of the epiphysis of the distal phalanx, fracture usually occurs through the growth plate, Salter-Harris type I or II, or through the juxtaepiphyseal region 1 to 2 mm distal to the growth plate. The terminal tendon of extensor inserts into the epiphysis only, while insertion site of the flexor digitorum profundus spans both the epiphysis and metaphysis. Because of the difference between these tendon insertions, this injury mimics a mallet deformity. But, this type of injury does not involve a tear or avulsion of the extensor, unlike mallet finger of adults. Seymour was the first to describe this type of injury in children and called after his name, Seymour's fracture. This fracture is prone to infection or remain the residual deformity unless adequate treatment. Methods: We report a case of Seymour's fracture. A 9-year-old boy presented a laceration of the nail matrix, with the nail lies degloved from the nail fold on the right middle finger gotten from an impact against a door. An X-ray examination showed the fracture line lying 1 mm distal to the growth plate. The injury was treated with debridement and the fracture was reduced by applying hyperextension force. Under the C-arm, a single 0.7 mm K-wire was used to immobilize the distal interphalangeal joint. Intravenous antibiotics were applied for 5 days after surgery. Results: The K-wire was removed in the 3rd week. No infection or significant deformity was found until follow-up of 12 months. Conclusions: Seymour's fracture may be at first classically mallet deformity by its appearance. But it is anatomically different and more problematic injury. If it isn't corrected at the time of injury, derangement of the extensor mechanism, and growth deformity of the distal phalanx may occur. The fracture site should be debrided, removed of any interposed soft tissue, and the patient should be given appropriate antibiotics. Reduction should be maintained by K-wire fixation. We experienced no infection or premature epiphyseal closure.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 1999

Since Nakayama's first report about venous flap, many experimental and clinical studies were done about this new type of flap. And due to its various benefits, its applications as arterialized venous free flap type have increased recently. In this study we have attempted to reconstruct composite of defects of the hand with new modification of arterialized venous free flap and simultaneous reconstruction of skin, nerve, tendon were performed successfully. From 1994 to 1999, the defects of the hands in 35 patients were reconstructed with various modifications of arterialized venous free flaps. The range of age was from 19 to 55 years and size of flap ranged from $1{\times}2cm\;to\;14{\times}9cm$. Among them, 12 cases of flap over 20cm in size were included. Indications of flaps were as follows: resurfacing of the defects of the skin (9 cases), simultaneous reconstruction of extensor, skin and digital nerve(2 cases), reconstruction of the skin with extensor(5 cases), as a flap-through type vascular reconstruction(6 cases), for digital nerve reconstruction(2 cases), contracture release(3 cases), and finger tip reconstruction(9 cases). All of the cases except one survived with marginal skin necrosis less than 10%. And relatively large flaps over 20cm in size successfully survived without any delay procedures. Composite reconstructions including tendon and nerve were successful with new modifications of this flap. Arterialized venous free flap is one of the useful procedure in reconstruction of the hand because it has many advantages such as non-bulky and good quality of flap, variable length of pedicle, preservation of major vascular pedicle, less operation time, single operative field and in addition possibility of various modifications.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.90-95
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• 2016

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the type of subscapularis tendon tears diagnosed during arthroscopy and the outcomes of physical tests and of isokinetic muscle strength tests. Methods: We preoperatively evaluated physical outcomes and isokinetic muscle strength of 60 consecutive patients who underwent an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and/or subacromial decompression. We divided the patients into five groups according to the type of subscapularis tear, which we classified using Lafosse classification system during diagnostic arthroscopic surgery. Results: When we performed a trend analysis between the outcomes of the physical tests and the severity of subscapularis tendon tear, we found that both the incidence of positive sign of the collective physical tests and that of individual physical tests increased significantly as the severity of the subscapularis tear increased (p<0.001). Similarly, the deficit in isokinetic muscle strength showed a tendency to increase as the severity of subscapularis tear increased, but this positive correlation was statistically significant in only the deficit between those with Lafosse type II tears and those with Lafosse type III tears. Conclusions: Although no single diagnostic test surpasses above others in predicting the severity of a subscapularis tear, our study implies that, as a collective unit of tests, the total incidence of the positive rate of the physical tests and the extent of isokinetic strength deficit may correlate with severity of subscapularis tears.