• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.1583-1591
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• 2020

CRISPR/Cpf1 has emerged as a new CRISPR-based genome editing tool because, in comparison with CRIPSR/Cas9, it has a different T-rich PAM sequence to expand the target DNA sequence. Single-base editing in the microbial genome can be facilitated by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis (ODM) followed by negative selection with the CRISPR/Cpf1 system. However, single point mutations aided by Cpf1 negative selection have been rarely reported in Corynebacterium glutamicum. This study aimed to introduce an amber stop codon in crtEb encoding lycopene hydratase, through ODM and Cpf1-mediated negative selection; deficiency of this enzyme causes pink coloration due to lycopene accumulation in C. glutamicum. Consequently, on using double-, triple-, and quadruple-base-mutagenic oligonucleotides, 91.5-95.3% pink cells were obtained among the total live C. glutamicum cells. However, among the negatively selected live cells, 0.6% pink cells were obtained using single-base-mutagenic oligonucleotides, indicating that very few single-base mutations were introduced, possibly owing to mismatch tolerance. This led to the consideration of various target-mismatched crRNAs to prevent the death of single-base-edited cells. Consequently, we obtained 99.7% pink colonies after CRISPR/Cpf1-mediated negative selection using an appropriate single-mismatched crRNA. Furthermore, Sanger sequencing revealed that single-base mutations were successfully edited in the 99.7% of pink cells, while only two of nine among 0.6% of pink cells were correctly edited. The results indicate that the target-mismatched Cpf1 negative selection can assist in efficient and accurate single-base genome editing methods in C. glutamicum.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권12호
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• pp.643-644
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• 2015

In eukaryotes, small RNAs play important roles in both gene regulation and resistance to viral infection. Argonaute proteins have been identified as a key component of the effector complexes of various RNA-silencing pathways, but the mechanistic roles of Argonaute proteins in these pathways are not clearly understood. To address this question, we performed single-molecule fluorescence experiments using an RNA-induced silencing complex (core-RISC) composed of a small RNA and human Argonaute 2. We found that target binding of core-RISC starts at the seed region of the guide RNA. After target binding, four distinct reactions followed: target cleavage, transient binding, stable binding, and Argonaute unloading. Target cleavage required extensive sequence complementarity and accelerated core-RISC dissociation for recycling. In contrast, the stable binding of core-RISC to target RNAs required seed-match only, suggesting a potential explanation for the seed-match rule of microRNA (miRNA) target selection.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.631-636
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• 2016

공간 분해능을 평가하기 위해서 이제까지는 일정하게 두 물체의 간격(이중 표적)을 근접한 것부터 점점 떨어진 간격으로 만들어진 테스트 패턴이나 팬텀을 이용하였다. 이러한 방법으로 공간분해능을 평가하면 분해능은 테스트용으로 제작된 팬텀에 있는 표적 간격으로 제한된다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제를 극복하고자 1개의 단일 표적으로 공간 분해능을 간편하게 측정할 수 있는 새로운 방법을 제안하고 검증한 것이다. 이를 위해 PSF 및 JND를 이용하여 공간 분해능을 추정하는 개념을 제시하였다. 이렇게 유도된 공간 분해능 추정 이론을 검증하기 위해, 상용 팬텀을 이용하여 실험하였다. 실험으로 얻어진 디지털 영상에서 라인 픽셀 프로파일을 구하기 위해 만든 LabVIEW 프로그램을 이용하여 분석한 결과, 본 연구에서 유도한 단일 표적을 이용한 공간 분해능 추정 이론과 실험적으로 일치하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 실험 결과로 디지털 영상에서 공간분해능의 상대적 평가는 단일 표적을 가지고도 충분하다는 것을 증명할 수 있었다. 따라서 단일 표적 공간분해능 평가법을 이용하면 이제까지 사용되어 왔던 이중 표적을 이용한 공간분해능 평가의 한계를 극복할 수 있다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2023

The target must be located within the main-lobe of the antenna in order to measure the direction of the target by using sum-delta monopulse technique. The most common way if the target is located within the main-lobe is to compare the amplitude of the sum channel received signal with the delta channel received signal. However, in the case of the single-ring circular array antenna, it is difficult to apply the conventional method due to its structural limitation where antenna elements do not exist in the center of the array. In this paper, we proposed a novel method to identify whether a target is located within the main-lobe by appropriately adjusting the feeding amplitude of each element constituting the single-ring circular array antenna through the particle swarm optimization method. Simulation results showed that the proposed method can determine whether the target is located within the main-lobe of the single-ring circular array antenna.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.5624-5638
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• 2016

A novel method based on Surf points is proposed to detect and lock-track single ground target in aerial videos. Videos captured by moving cameras contain complex motions, which bring difficulty in moving object detection. Our approach contains three parts: moving target template detection, search area estimation and target tracking. Global motion estimation and compensation are first made by grids-sampling Surf points selecting and matching. And then, the single ground target is detected by joint spatial-temporal information processing. The temporal process is made by calculating difference between compensated reference and current image and the spatial process is implementing morphological operations and adaptive binarization. The second part improves KALMAN filter with surf points scale information to predict target position and search area adaptively. Lastly, the local Surf points of target template are matched in this search region to realize target tracking. The long-term tracking is updated following target scaling, occlusion and large deformation. Experimental results show that the algorithm can correctly detect small moving target in dynamic scenes with complex motions. It is robust to vehicle dithering and target scale changing, rotation, especially partial occlusion or temporal complete occlusion. Comparing with traditional algorithms, our method enables real time operation, processing $520{\times}390$ frames at around 15fps.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.539-544
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 위상비교모노펄스에서 근접한 두 표적의 위치를 추정하는 방법을 제시하였다. 제안한 방법은 Sherman의 기법을 근간으로 하기 때문에 기존 다른 기법들과 달리 단일표적상황에서도 사용할 수 있으며, 오직 단일 펄스만을 사용하여 근접한 두 표적의 위치를 추정하기 때문에 기존 Sherman이 제시한 기법의 단점도 개선할 수 있었다. 제안한 방법의 각도 추정 정확도는 시뮬레이션을 통해 증명하였다.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2022

Monostatic/Bistatic inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images are two-dimensional radar cross section (RCS) distributions of a target. When there are many targets in a single radar beam, ISAR images are generated with targets overlapped, so it is difficult to perform the targets identification using the trained database. In addition, it is inefficient to perform target identification using only single monostatic and bistatic ISAR images separately because each method has its own advantages and weaknesses. Therefore, this paper analyzes multiple targets identification performances using monostatic/bistatic ISAR images and proposes a method of identification through fusion of two ISAR images. To identify multiple targets, we use image combination technique using trained single target images. Simulation results show effectiveness of proposed method.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2021년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.358-361
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• 2021

In order to improve the accuracy of small target detection more effectively, this paper proposes an improved single shot detector (SSD) target detection and recognition method based on cspdarknet53, which introduces lightweight ECA attention mechanism and Feature Pyramid Network (FPN). First, the original SSD backbone network is replaced with cspdarknet53 to enhance the learning ability of the network. Then, a lightweight ECA attention mechanism is added to the basic convolution block to optimize the network. Finally, FPN is used to gradually fuse the multi-scale feature maps used for detection in the SSD from the deep to the shallow layers of the network to improve the positioning accuracy and classification accuracy of the network. Experiments show that the proposed target detection algorithm has better detection accuracy, and it improves the detection accuracy especially for small targets.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2017년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.95.1-95.1
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• 2017

In this study, it has been tried to make the single Mo-Cu alloying targets with the Cu showing the best surface hardness that was determined by investigation on the coatings with the double target process. The single alloying targets were prepared by powder metallurgy methods such as mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. The nanocomposite coatings were prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering process with the single alloying targets in $Ar+N_2$ atmosphere. The microstructure changes of the Mo-Cu-N coatings with diverse Cu contents were investigated by using XRD, SEM and EDS. The mechanical properties of the coatings were evaluated by using nano-indentor, scratch test, and ball on disc methods. Especially, the coated samples were tested by using various lubricating oil to compare the property of anti wear-resistance. In this study, the nano-composite MoN-Cu coatings prepared using an alloying target was eventually compared with the coatings from the multiple targets.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2011

레이더에서 목표물을 예측하기위해서 입사 방향 추정 방법을 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 적응 배열 입사 방향 방법과 단일 지향 오차 입사 방향 추정방법을 사용하여 목표물에 대한 입사방향을 추정하였다. 적응 배열 입사 방향 방법으로 주엽 재밍과 부엽 재밍을 제거하여 목표물에 대한 신호 입사 방향을 추정하였다. 단일 지향 방법은 신호 입사 방향의 지향오차가 크기 때문에 목표물의 정확한 추정은 어렵다. 원하는 목표 신호를 수신하기 위해서는신호의 입사 방향과 지향방향사이에 지향오차가 거의 없어야 한다. 입사 방향 추정시 공분산을 구하기 위해서 생기는 지연 시간문제와 단일 지향조건을 이용하여 발생하는 지향오차 문제를 감소시켰다. 본 논문에서는 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안된 입사 방향 추정방법이 기존의 방법에 비해 목표물 추정면에서 우수함을 보인다.