• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.318-318
• /
• 2003

The current study was performed to observe the effects of Panax ginseng (PG) and P. quinquefolium (PQ) on hemodynamics such as blood flow rate (BF), blood flow velocity (BV), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and body temperature (BT) in healthy young men. This is a randomized, single-blind study observed during 6 hrs after orally single administration of PG and PQ groups. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.207-211
• /
• 2000

In a Czochralski silicon single crystal, the relation between the growth twin and the crystal morphology was investigated. The growth twin is nucleated on the {111} facet planes near the growth ridges. When a {111} growth twin is formed in the <100> silicon crystal, the growth ridge where twin is nucleated will continuous through the twin plane. Other two ridges at the 90。 apart will be displaced about 33° and be deformed to facets. The ridge on the opposite side of twin nucleation will disappear by forming a slight hill. Because the growth ridges of silicon is due to the {111} planes, the variation in the growth ridge formation can be predicted clearly by considering the change of the {111} plane traces in the stereographic projection after twining.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 1994

The binding properties of oxomemazine to muscarinic receptors using the ability of oxomemazine to inhibit $[^3H]QNB$ binding in membrane fractions of rat cerebrum and guinea pig ventricle and ileum were investigated. $[^3H]QNB$ bound to a single class of muscarinic receptors with a dissociation constant of approximately 60 pM in three tissue preparations. Pirenzepine and oxomemazine inhibited $[^3H]QNB$ binding in cerebrum with a Hill coefficient lower than unity, and the inhibition data were best described by a two-site model. The relative densities of the high $(M_1)\;and\;low\;(M_2)$ affinity sites for pirenzepine were 60 and 40%, with corresponding Ki values of 16 and 431 nM, and those $(O_H\;and\;O_L)$ for oxomemazine 40 and 60%, with corresponding Ki values of 80 and 1350 nM. However, the inhibition data of both drugs vs $[^3H]QNB$ in ventricle and ileum appeared to obey the law of mass-action (Hill coefficient close to 1). The apparent Ki values of pirenzepine were 850 and 250 nM, and those of oxomemazine 1460 and 570 nM in ventricle and ileum, respectively. Thus, oxomemazine like pirenzepine has high affinity for cerebrum, moderate affinity for ileum and low affinity for ventricle. These results suggest that oxomemazine could recognize the muscarinic receptor subtypes with a high affinity for the $M_1$ sites.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.250-253
• /
• 1998

Somaclonal variation was observed in the field on doubled haploid plants derived from single pollen of a rice cultivar "Hwaseongbyeo". The variations of seven quantitative traits including plant height and one qualitative trait (pubescence) in 436 lines ($R_2$ generation) were analyzed. The number of lines which fell beyond the boundaries of the 95% confidence intervals of the check variety, Hwaseongbyeo was checked for each quantitative trait, and of those fertility showed the highest variation frequency (85.6%), followed by plant height (77.5%), flag leaf length (66.5%), grains per panicle (42.2%), days to heading (34.5%), panicle length (30.7%) and panicles per hill (22.7%). And the variations of quantitative traits except days to flowering appeared to move in the negative direction compared to "Hwaseongbyeo". Variability within lines was also observed for quantitative and qualitative traits. Twenty-nine $R_2$ lines (7%) segregated for pubescence and 130 $R_2$ lines (30%) showed variation with regard to fertility. This suggests that mutations usually occur before diploidization. Twenty-nine $R_2$ lines representing a wide spectrum of variation were chosen for RAPD analysis. The number of lines showing DNA polymorphism compared to Hwaseongbyeo ranged 0 from to 10 according to the primer used and this seems to indicate that specific loci have highly mutable genomic site.utable genomic site.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.361-368
• /
• 1994

The nature of the muscarinic receptors in bovine adrenal medulla was investigated in this study. [$^3$H]Quinuclidinyl benzilate(QNB) specifically bound to a single class of muscarinic receptor with a $K_{D}$ value of about 70 pM in bovine adrenal medullary, cardiac ventricular and ileal homogenates. Pirenzepine inhibition curves of [$^3$H]QNB binding to cardiac ventricular and ileal homogenates were steep, indicating the presence of a single class of binding site for pirenzepine with a Ki value of 990 nM and 508 nM, respectively. However, pirenzepine/[$^3$H]QNB competition binding curves in adrenal medulla suggested the presence of two binding sites (Hill coefficient=0.59) with a high( $M_1$) and a low( $M_2$) affinity. Respective Ki values for pirenfepine were 16 nM and 633 nM, with 44% of total sites having a high affinity( $M_1$). Gallamine, which is selective to cardiac $M_2$-receptor, inhibited [$^3$H]QNB binding to adrenal medullary, cardiac ventricular and ileal homogenates with Ki values of 12 $\mu$M, 6 $\mu$M and 13 $\mu$M, respectively. Thus, the binding affinities of pirenzepine and gallamine for $M_2$-receptor in adrenal medulla were similar to those in ileum, which contains the $M_3$-receptor. These results indicate that the $M_1$- and $M_3$- muscarinic receptor subtypes coexist in the bovine adrenal medulla.a.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.181-187
• /
• 1991

The muscarinic antagonist 1-[benzilic 4, 4'-$[^3H]$ QUINUCLIDINYL BENZILATE $([^3H]$ QNB) bound to a single class of muscarinic receptors with high affinity in rabbit ileal membranes. The $K_D\;and\;B_{ max}$ values for $([^3H]$ QNB calculated from analysis of saturation isotherms were 52.5 pM AND 154 fmol/mg, respectively. Chlopheniramine (CHP), histamine $H_1$ blocker, increased $K_D$ vlue for $([^3H]$QNB without affecting the binding site concentrations and Hill coefficient. The $K_i$ value of CHP for inhibition of $([^3H]$QNB binding in ileal membranes was 1.44\mu{M}$ and the pseudo-Hill coefficient for CHP was close to unit. In the functional assay carbachol, muscarinic agonist, increased the contractile force of ileum with $ED_{50}$ value of $0.11\mu{M}$. CHP caused the rightward shift of the dose-response curve to carbachol. The $pA_2$ value of CHP determined from Schild analysis of carbacholinduced contraction was 5.77 and the slope was unity indicating competitive antagonism with carbachol. The dissociation constant $(K_i)$ of CHP obtained in competitive experiments with $([^3H]$ QNB was similar to the $K_A$ value (1.69 \mu{M)}$ of CHP as inhibitor of carbachol induced contraction in rabbit ileum. This result suggest that the binding of $H_i$ blocker. CHP, vs $([^3H]$QNB to muscarinic receptors in ileal membranes represents an interaction with a receptor of physiological relevance.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.24 no.10
• /
• pp.33-39
• /
• 2019

In this paper, we propose a parametric model for analyzing the motion information obtained from the acceleration sensors to measure the activity of the human body. The motion of the upper body and the lower body does not occur at the same time, and the motion analysis method using a single motion sensor involves a lot of errors. In this study, the 3-axis accelerometer is attached to the arms and legs, the body's activity data are measured, the momentum of the arms and legs are calculated for each channel, and the linear predictive coefficient is obtained for each channel. The periodicity of the upper body and the lower body is determined by analyzing the correlation between the channels. The linear predictive coefficient and the periodic value are used as data to measure the type of exercise and the amount of exercise. In the proposed method, we measured four types of movements such as walking, stair climbing, slow hill climbing, and fast hill descending. In order to verify the usefulness of the parameters, the recognition results are presented using the linear predictive coefficient and the periodic value for each motion as the neural network input.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 2000

ATP-sensitive potassium channels ($K_{ATP}$ channels) play an important role in insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. We have investigated the effect of propofol on $K_{ATP}$ channels in cultured single pancreatic beta cells of rats. Channel activity was recorded from membrane patches using the patch-clamp technique. In the inside-out configuration bath-applied propofol inhibited the $K_{ATP}$ channel activities in a dose-dependent manner. The half-maximal inhibition dose (ED50) was $48.6{\pm}8.4\;{\mu}M$ and the Hill coefficient was $0.73{\pm}0.11.$ Single channel conductance calculated from the slope of the relationship between single channel current and pipette potential $(+20{\sim}+100\;mV)$ was not significantly altered by propofol $(control:\;60.0{\pm}2.7\;pS,\;0.1\;mM\;propofol:\;58.7{\pm}3.5\;pS).$ However, mean closed time was surely increased. Above results indicate that propofol blocks the $K_{ATP}$ channels in the pancreatic beta cells in the range of its blood concentrations during anesthesia, suggesting a possible effect on insulin secretion and blood glucose level.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2020

Bony lesions of the glenoid and Hill-Sachs lesions are the most common injuries after a first-time traumatic shoulder dislocation. However, fracture of the coracoid process after traumatic shoulder dislocation is rare. A single, open surgical procedure could be performed by a Latarjet procedure using a fractured fragment of the coracoid process. If a fracture of the coracoid process is associated with a traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation, the Latarjet procedure may be the most appropriate surgical option.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.47-50
• /
• 2003

The wind flow and pollutant dispersion over a two-dimensional sinusoidal hilly obstacle with slope (the ratio of height to half width) of 0.7 have been investigated experimentally and numerically. Flow over a single sinusoidal hill model was visualized in a subsonic wind tunnel. The mean velocity profiles, turbulence statistics, and pollutant concentration distribution were measured at the Reynolds number based on the obstacle height (H=40mm) oft $2.6\times10^4$. Experimental results for flow over a flat ground were agreed with the theoretical and numerical results. When a pollutant source is located behind the hilly terrain, the pollutant dispersion appeared even in the upstream region due to recirculation flow.