• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.150-161
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• 2018

최근의 정보통신기술 발전에 기반한 무인 항공 전자탐사는 효율적인 광역 탐사가 가능하다는 장점으로 인해 다양한 활용이 시도되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 무인 항공 전자탐사의 실제 적용을 위한 이론 연구의 일환으로 한국지질자원연구원에서 개발된 무인 비행선 전자탐사 시스템에 대한 고찰을 수행하였다. 이 시스템은 기존의 항공 전자탐사 시스템들과는 다른 송수신루프의 배치로 인해 측정되는 자기장을 해석하기 위한 새로운 기술이 필요하다. 따라서, 임의의 모양을 갖는 송신원에 의한 전자기장 반응을 계산할 수 있는 방법을 제안하였으며 원형루프에 의한 이론해와의 비교 검증을 통해 그 타당성을 확인하였다. 또한, 3차원적으로 분포한 지하의 전도성 이상체에 의한 자기장 반응을 모사하기 위하여 변유한요소법 기반의 3차원 주파수영역 전자탐사 모델링 알고리듬과 결합하였다. 개발된 알고리듬을 바탕으로 지하 이상체에 의한 자기장 반응분석을 수행한 결과, 기존 항공 전자탐사 시스템들과 마찬가지로 탐사고도가 높아지거나 이상체의 심도가 깊어짐에 따라 이상체에 의한 반응이 줄어듦을 알 수 있었고 이상체의 전기비저항이 증가함에 따라서도 반응이 작아지는 것을 확인하였다. 그러나, 이상체의 심도 및 전기전도도와 사용 주파수에 따라 이상성분의 반응양상이 비선형적인 경향을 나타내는 구간이 존재하여, 자료해석 시 반응의 크기를 통한 단순 해석이 어려워지며 겉보기 비저항 계산 시에도 해의 비유일성을 야기시킬 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 실제로 시스템을 활용하여 탐사를 수행할 시, 탐사목적 및 현장 조건을 고려한 사전 모델링을 통해 적합한 주파수 대역 및 탐사고도를 설정하여 탐사를 수행하는 것이 선행되어야 한다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.67-88
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• 2019

웹툰은 인터넷의 특징적 요소들을 활용하여 제작되는 만화 콘텐츠를 온라인 환경에서 소비 가능한 형태로 유통하는 한국형 디지털 만화 플랫폼이다. 최근 웹툰 산업의 급격한 성장과 함께 웹툰 콘텐츠의 공급량이 기하급수적으로 증가함에 따라, 효과적인 웹툰 콘텐츠 추천 방안의 필요성이 커지고 있다. 웹툰은 회화적 요소와 문학적 요소, 디지털 요소의 복합적 산물로서, 독자로 하여금 재미를 느끼게 하고 웹툰이 연출하는 상황에 이입·공감하게 하는 등 소비자의 감성을 자극하는 디지털 콘텐츠 상품이다. 따라서 웹툰이 소비자에게 전달하는 감성이 소비자가 웹툰을 선택함에 있어 중요한 기준으로 작용할 것이라 기대할 수 있다. 본 연구는 기존에 충분히 논의되지 않았던 소비자 감성을 중심으로, 웹툰 콘텐츠의 효과적인 추천을 지원할 수 있는 소비자 감성 패턴맵의 개발을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구의 수행을 위해 '네이버 웹툰' 플랫폼에서 서비스되는 200개 작품에 대한 메타데이터와 소비자 감성어휘 정보를 수집하였다. 분석 목적에 부합하지 않는 작품을 제외한 127개 작품에 대해 488개의 감성어휘가 수집되었다. 이후 수집된 감성어휘들 간 유사감성 통합, 중복감성 배제 과정을 Bottom-up 접근으로 수행하여 총 63개 감성유형으로 축소된 웹툰 특화 감성지표를 구축하였다. 구축한 감성지표에 대한 탐색적 요인분석을 수행하여 웹툰 유형을 분류할 수 있는 3개의 중요 차원을 도출하고, 이를 기준으로 K-Means 클러스터링을 수행하여 전체 웹툰을 4개 유형으로 분류하였다. 각각의 유형에 대해 웹툰-감성 2-Mode 네트워크를 구축하여 웹툰 유형별로 나타나는 감성 패턴의 특징을 살펴보았으며, 프로파일링 분석을 통해 웹툰 유형별 인사이트와 실무적으로 의미 있는 전략적 시사점을 도출할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 웹툰의 추천 및 분류의 영역에서 소비자 감성의 활용 가능성을 확인하고, 웹툰 생태계 내 구성원들이 소비자를 보다 잘 이해하고 전략을 수립할 수 있도록 돕는 가이드라인을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2011

본 연구는 교육서비스 관련 상품 판매 요인이 교육서비스 만족에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 이러한 만족이 재등록과 구전효과에 미치는 영향에 관하여 분석하였다. 입시학원에 수강 중인 학생들과 학부모들을 대상으로 실증분석 한 결과 교육서비스 관련 상품판매요인인 교육프로그램과 강사요인에 관한 가설들은 지지되었다. 그러나 물리적환경과 수강료가 교육서비스 만족에 미치는 영향에 대한 가설은 기각되었다. 또한 교육서비스 만족은 재등록과 구전효과에 미치는 영향에 관한 가설은 지지되었다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합해볼 때 교육서비스 만족에 미치는 영향에 있어 교육프로그램과 강사요인이 중요한 역할을 하며 물리적 환경과 수강료는 교육서비스 만족에 있어 중요한 요인이 아니다라는 결론이 도출되었다. 또한 교육서비스 만족은 재등록과 긍정적인 구전형성에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 결론이 도출되었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.562-569
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• 2019

최근에 원 거리에서 폭발 물질의 감지를 위해 라만 분광 기기의 관심이 점차 증가하고 있다. 더불어 측정된 화학물질에 대한 라만 스펙트럼을 대용량 데이터베이스의 알려진 라만 스펙트라와 비교하여 식별할 수 있는 고속 검색 방법에 대한 요구도 커지고 있다. 지금까지 가장 간단하고 널리 사용되는 방법은 주어진 스펙트럼과 데이터베이스 스펙트라 사이의 유클리드 거리를 계산하고 비교하는 방법이다. 하지만 고차원 데이터의 속성으로 검색의 문제는 그리 간단하지 않다. 가장 큰 문제점중의 하나는 검색 방법에 있어서 연산량이 많아 계산 시간이 너무 오래 걸린다는 것이다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해, 우리는 정렬된 분산에 따른 MPS Sort+PDS 방법을 제안하였다. 이 방법은 벡터의 두 개의 주요한 특징으로 평균과 분산을 사용하여 후보가 될 수 없는 많은 코드워드를 계산하지 않으므로 연산량을 줄이고 계산 시간을 줄여준다. 본 논문에서 우리는 기존의 방법보다 더욱 더 향상된 2가지 새로운 방법의 고속 검색 알고리즘을 제안한다. PCA+PDS 방법은 전체 데이터를 사용하는 거리 계산과 똑같은 결과를 가지면서 PCA 변환을 통해 데이터의 차수를 감소시켜 계산량을 줄여준다. Hierarchical Cluster Tree 알고리즘은 PCA 변환된 스펙트라 데이터를 사용하여 이진 계층 클러스터 트리를 만든다. 그런 후 입력 스펙트럼과 가장 가까운 클러스터부터 검색을 시작하여 후보가 될 수 없는 많은 스펙트라를 계산하지 않으므로 연산량을 줄이고 계산 시간을 줄여준다. 실험은 정렬된 분산에 따른 MPS Sort+PDS와 비교하여 PCA+PDS는 60.06%의 성능 향상을 보였다. Hierarchical Cluster Tree는 PCA+PDS와 비교하여 17.74%의 성능향상을 보였다. 실험결과는 제안된 알고리즘이 고속 검색에 적합함을 확인시켜 준다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1972

배아의 발생에 대한 연구는 in vivo 나 in vitro의 방법을 통해 근래 비?적 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 이들의 연구결과에 따르자면, 성분이나 함량 혹은 물리학적 성질이 혈청따위의 체액과는 다른 전방수가 들어차 있는 안전방의 환경은 배아의 발생에 극히 부적당한 곳이라 할 수 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 본실험의 결과를 보면 초기배아의 발생은 극히 정상적으로 진행되고 있다. 이런 점에 비추어 우리는 두 가지 가능성을 추론할 수 있다. 첫째는, 배아의 어느 한정된 범위에서는 그의 환경에 쉽게 적응할 수 있는 능력을 가지고 있을 것이라는 생각이다. 배아세포가 미분화의 상태에 있다는 점과 대사의 정도가 분화된 다른 세포들에 비해 비교적 낮다는 점을 고려할 때 이들 배아는 안전방내의 환경과 같은 특수한 곳에서도 능히 생존할 수가 있는 것이다. 둘째는, 배아를 받아들인 후 전방수의 특성이 달라질 것이라는 점이다. 토끼에서는 일단 안전방내의 전방수가 유출되고 나면 혈청과 비슷한 체액이 약8시간 동안 안전방내에 형성되고 그뒤 차차로 본래의 전방수로 대치된다. 쥐에서도 이러한 체액이 안전방내에 형성된다면 배아를 받아들인 안전방내의 전방수의 성질이 혈청과 비슷해지므로 배아의 발생이 가능해질 수가 있다. 단지 그러한 체액이 전방수의 유출 후 120시간까지 그대로 남아있을 것인가에 대한 의문은 그대로 남아있지만 위의 두가지 가능성에 대하여는 배아의 생태나 행동과 관련시켜 앞으로 더 연구해야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.147-174
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 미 국립대기연구소(NCAR)의 열권-이온권 전기역학적 대순환 모델(TIEGCM)을 이용하여 행성간 자기장(IMF)의 방향과 세기 그리고 고도에 따라 여름철 남반구 고위도 하부 열권의 바람에 작용하는 운동량 강제력을 정량적으로 구하였다. 그리고 이들을 서로 비교 분석함으로써 IMF 조건과 고도에 따른 고위도 하부 열권의 풍계(wind system)를 유지시켜주는 주된 물리적인 과정을 살펴보았다. 고위도 하부 열권(<180km)에서 양($B_y$ > 0.8|$\overline{B}_z$|)또는 음($B_y$ < -0.8|$\overline{B}_z$|)의 IMF By 조건인 경우에 운동량 강제력 차이, 즉 IMF 기준치 ${\neq}$ 0 일 때와 IMF 기준치=0 일 때의 운동량 강제력 차이(difference momentum force)는 자기위도 -80$^{\circ}$에서 최대값을 가지면서 극관과 오로라 영역에 국한된 단순한 형태의 분포를 보인다. 그리고 IMF $B_z$ 성분이 양과 음일 때 강제력 차이의 세기는 비슷하지만 분포양상은 반대방향을 취한다. 한편 IMF $B_z$가 양($B_z$ > 0.3125|$\overline{B}_y$|) 또는 음($B_z$ < -0.3125|$\overline{B}_y$|)인 조건인 경우에는 강제력 차이가 아오로라(subauroral) 위도까지 분포하며 IMF $B_z$가 양 또는 음의 조건일 때 보다 복잡한 구조를 보인다. 그리고 IMF $B_z$가 음인 경우의 강제력 차이가 양인 경우보다 더 크며 반대방향으로 작용한다. 125km 보다 더 높은 고도(>125km)에서 바람차이를 결정하는 주된 강제력은 기압경도력, 전향력, 수평이류 그리고 비발산 성분이 강한 Pedersen 이온항력인 것으로 확인되었다. 고도 약 125km 에서는 이 네 가지 힘에 더불어 비회전 성분이 강한 Hall 이온향력과 극관내 의 연직 이류가 지역과 시간에 따라 바람차이의 형성에 작용한다. 한편 고도 108-125km 에서는 IMF $B_z$ 조건일 경우의 극관영역을 제외하고는 기압경도력, 전향력 그리고 Hall 이온항력이 이 고도에서의 바람차이를 유발시키는 주된 강제력으로 작용한다. 고도 108km 이하에서는 기압경도력과 전향력이 균형을 이루어 지균 운동을 유지시킨다. IMF-$\overline{B}_y$의존 MLT 평균 운동량 강제력들은 이온항력을 제외한 다른 모든 남북성분이 동서성분에 비해 더 강하게 중성대기에 작용하는 것으로 확인되었다. 108-125km의 고도에서 IMF B?가 음인 경우에 이온항력은 하강운동 및 단열압축가열과 관련된 시계방향의 온난순환(warm circulation)을 극관 내에 형성시킨다. 반면 IMF $B_y$가 양인 경우에는 극관 내에 상승운동 및 단열팽창냉각과 관련된 반시계방향의 한랭순환(cold circulation)을 형성시킨다. 이온항력은 IMF $B_z$가 음인 경우에는 새벽영역에 상승운동과 관련된 반시계방향의 한랭순환을, 반면에 IMF $B_z$가 양인 경우에는 새벽영역에 하강운동과 관련된 시계방향의 온난순환을 형성시킨다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.109-131
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• 2014

최근 전 세계적인 원전 설비의 수요 증가로 원자력 전략물자 취급의 중요성이 높아지는 가운데, 국외 수출을 위한 원전 관련 물품 및 기술의 신청 또한 급증하는 추세이다. 전략물자 사전판정 업무는 통상 원자력 물자 관리에 해박한 전문가의 경험 및 지식에 근거하여 수행되어 왔지만, 급증하는 수요에 상응하는 전문 인력의 공급이 부족한 실정이다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위하여, 본 연구진은 전략물자 수출 통제를 위한 사례 기반 지능형 수출 통제 시스템을 설계 및 개발하였다. 이 시스템은 현장 전문가의 전담 업무이던 신규 사례에 대한 전략물자 사전판정 과정 업무의 주요 맥락을 자동화 하여 전문가 및 관계 기관이 감당해야 할 업무 부담을 줄이며, 빠르고 정확한 판정을 돕는 의사결정 지원 시스템의 역할을 맡는다. 개발된 시스템은 사례 기반 추론 (Case Based Reasoning) 방식에 기반을 두어 설계되었는데, 이는 과거 사례의 특성을 활용하여 신규 사례의 해법을 유추하는 추론 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 자연어로 작성된 전자문서 처리에 널리 사용되는 텍스트 마이닝 분석 기법을 원자력 분야에 특화된 형태로 응용하여 전략물자 수출통제 시스템을 설계하였다. 시스템 설계의 근거로 선행 연구에서 제안된 반자동식 핵심어 추출 방안의 성능을 보다 엄밀히 검증하였고, 추출된 핵심어로 신규 사례와 유사한 과거 사례를 추출하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안된 방안은 텍스트 마이닝 분야의 TF-IDF 방법 및 코사인 유사도 점수를 활용한 결과(${\alpha}$)와 원자력 분야에서 통용되는 개념적 지식을 계통으로 분류하여 도출한 결과(${\beta}$)를 조합하여 최종 결과 (${\gamma}$) 를 생성하게 된다. 세부 요소 기술의 성능 검증은 임상 데이터를 활용한 실험 및 실무 전문가의 의견수렴을 통해 이루어졌다. 개발된 시스템은 사전판정 전문 인력을 다수 양성하는 데 드는 비용을 절감하는 데 일조할 것이며, 지식서비스 산업의 의미 있는 응용 사례로서 관련 산업의 성장에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.163-176
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• 2014

소셜미디어 확산으로 많은 사용자들이 SNS를 통해 자신의 생각과 의견을 표출하며 다른 사용자들과 상호작용하고 있다. 특히 트위터와 같은 마이크로블로그는 짧은 문장을 통해 영화, TV, 사회 현상 등과 같은 공통의 주제에 대해 많은 사람이 즉각적으로 의견을 표출하고 교환하는 플랫폼의 역할을 수행하고 있다. TV방송 프로그램에 대해서도 의견과 감정을 마이크로블로그를 통해 표출하고 있는데, 본 연구에서는 마이크로블로그의 내용과 시청률과의 관계를 살펴보기 위해, 지난 공중파 방송 프로그램에 대한 트윗을 수집하고 부적절한 트윗들을 제거한 후 형태소 분석을 수행하였다. 추출된 형태소뿐 아니라 이모티콘, 신조어 등 사용자가 입력한 모든 단어들을 후보 자질로 삼아 시청률과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 실험을 위해 2013년 1월부터 10개월간의 예능프로그램 트윗의 데이터를 수집하여 전국 시청률 데이터와 비교 분석을 수행하였다. 트윗의 발생량은 일주일 중 방송된 요일에 가장 많았으며, 특히 방송시간 부근에서 급격히 증가하는 모습을 보였다. 이것은 전국에 동시간에 방송되는 공중파 프로그램의 특성상 공통된 관심 주제를 제공하기 때문에 나타나는 현상으로 여겨진다. 횟수 기반 자질로 방송 일의 총 트윗 수와 리트윗 수, 방송시간 중의 트윗 수와 리트윗 수와 시청률과의 상관 관계를 분석하였으나 모두 낮은 상관 계수를 나타냈다. 이것은 단순한 트윗 발생 빈도는 방송 프로그램의 만족도 또는 시청률을 제대로 반영하고 있지 못함을 의미한다. 내용 기반 자질로 추출한 단어들 중에는 높은 상관관계를 보여주는 단어들이 발견되었으며, 표준어가 아닌 이모티콘과 신조어 중에도 높은 상관관계를 보여주는 자질이 나타났다. 또한 방송시작 전과 후에 따라 상관계수가 높은 단어가 상이함을 발견하였다. 매주 같은 시간에 방송되는 TV 프로그램의 특성상, 방송을 기다리고 기대하는 내용의 트윗과 방송 후 소감을 표현하는 트윗의 내용에 차이가 존재하였다. 이러한 분석결과는 단어에 따라 시청률과 연관성이 높은 시간대가 달라짐을 의미하며, 시청률을 측정하고자 할 때 각 단어들의 시간대를 고려해서 사용해야 함을 의미한다. 본 연구에서 제안한 방법은 기존의 표본 추출을 통해 이루어지는 TV 시청률 측정을 보완할 수 있는 방법에 활용할 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1985

The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70$\pm$1.32mmHg/min)compared to CF dialyzers(4.32$\pm$0.55mmHg/min)(p<0.05). However, there was no observable difference in the UFR between the two dialyzers. Neither APD nor UFR showed any significant increase with an increasing number of reuses for up to more than 20reuses. A substantial number of failures observed in APD(larger than 20mmHe/min)on the reused dialyzers(2 out of 40 CP and S out 26 C-DAK) were attributed to the Possible damage on the fibers. The CF 15-11 HFDs which failed APD test did not show changes in the UFR compared to normal dialyzers indicating that APD is a more sensitive test than UFR test to evaluate the integrity of the fibers. 30527 T00401030527 ^x For quantitative measurement of reflected light from a clinical diagnostic strip, a prototype old reflectance photometer was designed. The strip loader and cassette were made to obtain more accurate reflectance parameters. The strip was illuminated at 45˚c through optical fiber and the intensity of reflected light was determined at rectanguLat angle using a photodiode. The kubelka-munk coefficient and reflection optical density were determined ar four different wavelengths(500, 550, 570 and 610nm) for blood glucose strip. For higher concentration than 300mg/41 about glucose, a saturation state of abforbance was observed at 500, 550 and 570nm. The correlation between glucose concentration and parameters was the best at 610nm. 30535 T00401030535 ^x Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma tumors were grown on the flanks of C3H mice. The mice were divided into two groups. One group was injected with Photofrin II, intravenously (2.5mg/kg body weight). The other group received no Photofrin II. Mice from both groups were irradialed for approximately 15 minutes at 100, 300, or 500 mW/cm2 with the argon (488nm/514.5 nm), dye(628nm) and gold vapor (pulsed 628 nm) laser light. A photosensitizer behaved as an added absorber. Under our experimental conditions, the presence of Photolfrin II increased surface temperature by at least 40% and the temperature rise due to 300 mW/cm2 irradiation exceeded values for hyperthermia. Light and temperature distributions with depth were estimated by a computer model. The model demonstrated the influence of wavelength on the thermal process and proved to be a valuable tool to investigate internal temperature rise. 30536 T00401030536 ^x We investigated the structural geometry of thirty-eight Korean femurs. The purpose of this study is to identify major geometrical differences between Korean femurs 3nd others that we believe belong to Caucasians so that we would be able to get insights into the femoral component design that fits Asians including Koreans. We utilized computerized tomography (CT) images of femurs extracted from cadavers. The CT images were transformed into bitmap data by using a film scanner, and then analyzed by using a commercially available software called Image v.1.0 and a Macintosh IIci computer.The resulting data were compared with already published data. The major results show that the geometry of the Korean femurs is significantly different from that of Caucasians: (1) the anteversion angle and the canal flare index are greater by the amount of approximately 8˚ and 0.5, respectively, (2) the shape of the isthmus cross section is more round, and (3) the distance between the teaser trochanter and the proximal border of the isthmus is shelter by about 15 mm. The results suggested that the femoral component suitable for Asians should be different from the currently-used components designed and manufactured mostly by European or American companies. 30537 T00401030537 ^x It is well known that nonlinear propagation characteristics of the wave in the tissue may give very useful information for the medical diagnoisis. In this paper, a new method to detect nonlinear propagation characteristics of the internal vibration in the tissue for the low frequency mechanical vibration by using bispectral analysis is proposed. In the method, low frequency vibration of f0( = 100Hz) is applied on the surface of the object, and the waveform of the internal vibration x (t) is measured from Doppler frequency modulation of silmultaneously transmitted probing ultrasonic waves. Then, the bispectra of the signal x (t) at the frequencies (f0, f0) and (f0, 2f0) are calculated to estimate the nonlinear propagation characteristics as their magnitude ratio, w here since bispectrum is free from the gaussian additive noise we can get the value with high S/N. Basic experimental system is constructed by using 3.0 MHz probing ultrasonic waves and the several experiments are carried out for some phantoms. Results show the superiority of the proposed method to the conventional method using power spectrum and also its usefulness for the tissue characterization. 30541 T00401030541 ^x This paper describes the implementation of a computerized radial pulse diagnosis by aids of a clinical expert. On this base, we composed of the radial pulse diagnosis system in korean traditional medicine. The system composed of a radial pulse wave detection system and a radial pulse diagnosis system. With a detection system, we detected Inyoung and Cheongu radial pulse wave and processed it. Then, we have got the characteristic parameters of radial pulse wave and also quantified that according to the method of Inyoung-Cheongu Comparison Radial Pulse Diagnosis. We defined the jugement standard of radial pulse diagnosis system and then we confirmed the possibility for realization of automatic radial pulse diagnosis in korean traditional medicine. 30545 T00401030545 ^x Microspheres are expected to be applied to biomedical areas such as solid-phase immunoassays, drug delivery systems, immunomagnetic cell separation. To synthesize microspheres for biomedical application, "two stage shot growth method" was developed. The uniformity ratio of synthesized microspheres was always smaller than 1.05. And the surface charge density (or the number of ionizable functional groups) of the microspheres synthesized by "two stage shot growth method" was 6~13 times higher than that of the microspheres synthesized by conventional seeded batch copolymerization. As a previous step for biomedical application, adsorption experiments of bovine albumin on microspheres were carried out under various conditions. The maximum adsorbed amount was obtained in the neighborhood of pH 4.5. Isoelectric point of bovine albumin is pH 5.0, so experimental result shows that it shifted to acid area. The adsorption isotherm was obtained, the plateau region was always reached at 2.Og/L (bulk concentration of bovine albumin).The effect of the kind and the amount of surface functional group was also examined. 30575 T00401030575 ^x A medical image workstation was developed using multimedia technique. The system based on PC-486DX was designed to acquire medical images produced by medical imaging instruments and related audio information, that is, doctors' reporting results. Input information was processed and analyzed, then the results were presented in the form of graph and animation. All the informations of the system were hierarchically related with the image as the apex. Processing and analysis algorithms were implemented so that the diagnostic accuracy could be improved. The diagnosed information can be transferred for patient diagnosis through LAN(local area network). 30592 T00401030592 ^x In the conventional infrared imaging system, complex infrared lens systems are usually used for directing collimated narrow infrared beams into the high speed 2-dimensional optic scanner. In this paper, a simple reflective infrared optic system with a 2-dimensional optic scanner is proposed for the realization of medical infrared thermography system. It has been experimentally proven that the intfrared thermography system composed of the proposed optic system has the temperature resolution of 0.1˚c under the spatial resolution of lmrad, the image matrix size of 256 X 240, and tile imaging time of 4 seconds. 30593 T00401030593 ^x In this paper, MIIS (Medical Image Information System) has been designed and implemented using INGRES RDBMS, which is based on a client/server architecture. The implemented system allows users to register and retrieve patient information, medical images and diagnostic reports. It also provides the function to display these information on workstation windows simultaneously by using the designed menu-driven graphic user interface. The medical image compression/decompression techniques are implemented and integrated into the medical image database system for the efficient data storage and the fast access through the network. 30594 T00401030594 ^x In this paper, computerized BEAM was implemented for the space domain analysis of EEG. Trans-formation from temporal summation to two-dimensional mappings is formed by 4 nearest point inter-polaton method. Methods of representation of BEAM are two. One is dot density method which classify brain electrical potential 9 levels by dot density of gray levels and the other is colour method which classify brain electrical 12 levels by red-green colours. In this BEAM, instantaneous change and average energy distribution over any arbitrary time interval of brain electrical activity could be observed and analyzed easily. In the frequency domain, the distribution of energy spectrum of a special band can easily be distinguished normality and abnormality. 30608 T00401030608 ^x Laboratory information system (LIS) is a key tool to manage laboratory data in clinical pathology. Our department has developed an information system for routine hematology using down-sized computer system. We have used an IBM 486 compatible PC with 16MB main memory, 210 MB hard disk drive, 9 RS-232C port and 24 pin dot printer. The operating system and database management system were SCO UNIX and SCO foxbase, respectively. For program development, we used Xbase language provided by SCO foxbase. The C language was used for interface purpose. To make the system use friendly, pull-down menu was used. The system connected to our hospital information system via application program interface (API), so the information related to patient and request details is automatically transmitted to our computer. Our system interfaced with fwd complete blood count analyzers(Sysmex NE-8000 and Coulter STKS) for unidirectional data tansmission from analyzer to computer. The authors suggests that this system based on down-sized computer could provide a progressive approach to total LIS based on local area network, and the implemented system could serve as a model for other hospital's LIS for routine hematology. 30609 T00401030609 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. To use as the structural matrix of the composite, collagen was purified from human umbilical cord. The obtained collagen was treated by pepsin to remove telopeptides, and finally, the immune-free atelocollagen was produced: The cross linked atelocollagen was highly resistant to the collagenase induced collagenolysis. The cross linked collagen demonstrated an improved tensile strength. 30618 T00401030618 ^x This paper is a study on the design of adptive filter for QRS complex detection. We propose a simple adaptive algorithm to increase capability of noise cancelation in QRS complex detection with two stage adaptive filter. At the first stage, background noise is removed and at the next stage, only spectrum of QRS complex components is passed. Two adaptive filters can afford to keep track of the changes of both noise and QRS complex. Each adaptive filter consists of prediction error filter and FIR filter The impulse response of FIR filter uses coefficients of prediction error filter. The detection rates for 105 and 108 of MIT/BIH data base were 99.3% and 97.4% respectively. 30619 T00401030619 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed and produced a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. Human umbilical cord origin pepsin treated type I atelocollagen was used as the structural matrix, by which sintered or non-sintered carbonate apatite was encapsulated to form an inorganic-organic composite. With cross linking atelocollagen by UV ray irradiation, the resistance to both compressive and tensile strength was increased. Collagen degradation by the collagenase induced collagenolysis was also decreased. 30620 T00401030620 ^x We have developed a monoleaflet polymer valve as an inexpensive and viable alternative, especially for short-term use in the ventricular assist device or total artificial heart. The frame and leaflet of the polymer valve were made from polyurethane, To evaluate the hemodynamic performance of the polymer valve a comparative study of flow dynamics past a polymer valve and a St. Jude Medical prosthetic valve under physiological pulsatile flow conditions in vitro was made. Comparisons between the valves were made on the transvalvular pressure drop, regurgitation volume and maximum valve opening area. The polymer valve showed smaller regurgitation volume and transvalvular pressure drop compared to the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. The results showed that the functional characteristics of the polymer valve compared favorably with those of the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. 30621 T00401030621 ^x Explosive evaporative removal process of biological tissue by absorption of a CW laser has been simulated by using gelatin and a multimode Nd:YAG laser. Because the point of maximun temperature of laser-irradiated gelatin exists below the surface due to surface cooling, evaporation at the boiling temperature is made explosively from below the surface. The important parameters of this process are the conduction loss to laser power absorption (defined as the conduction-to-laser power parameter, Nk), the convection heat transfer at the surface to conduction loss (defined as Bi), dimensionless extinction coefficient (defined as Br.), and dimensionless irradiation time (defined as Fo). Dependence of Fo on Nk and Bi has been observed by experiment, and the results have been compared with the numerical results obtained by solving a 2-dimensional conduction equation. Fo and explosion depth (from the surface to the point of maximun temperature) are increased when Nk and Bi are increased.To find out the minimum laser power for explosive evaporative removal process, steady state analysis has been also made. The limit of Nk to induce evaporative removal, which is proportional to the inverse of the laser power, has been obtained. 30622 T00401030622 ^x N1 and N2 gross neural action potentials were measured from the round window of the guinea pig cochlea at the onset of the acoustic stimuli. N1-N2 audiograms were made by means of regulating stimulant intensities in order to produce constant N1-N2 potentials as criteria for different input tone pip frequencies. The lowest threshold was measured with an input tone pip I5 dB SPL in intensity and 12 KHz in frequency when the animal was in normal physiological condition. The procedure of experimental measurements is explained in detail. This experimental approach is very useful for the investigation of the Cochlear function. Both noN1inear and active functions of the Cochlea can be monitored by N1-N2 audiograms. 30623 T00401030623 ^x In electrical impedance tomography(EIT), we use boundary current and voltage measurements toprovide the information about the cross-sectional distribution of electrical impedance or resistivity. One of the major problems in EIT has been the inaccessibility of internal voltage or current data in finding the internal impedance values. We propose a new image reconstruction method using internal current density data measured by NMR. We obtained a two-dimensional current density distribution within a phantom by processing the real and imaginary MR images from a 4.77 NMR machine. We implemented a resistivity mage reconstruction algorithm using the finite element method and sensitivity matrix. We presented computer simulation results of the mage reconstruction algorithm and furture direction of the research. 30624 T00401030624 ^x A new method of digital image analysis technique for discrimination of cancer cell was presented in this paper. The object image was the Thyroid eland cells image that was diagnosed as normal and abnormal (two types of abnormal: follicular neoplastic cell, and papillary neoplastic cell), respectively. By using the proposed region segmentation algorithm, the cells were segmented into nucleus. The 16 feature parameters were used to calculate the features of each nucleus. A9 a consequence of using dominant feature parameters method proposed in this paper, discrimination rate of 91.11% was obtained for Thyroid Gland cells. 30625 T00401030625 ^x An electrical stimulator was designed to induce locomotion for paraplegic patients caused by central nervous system injury. Optimal stimulus parameters, which can minimize muscle fatigue and can achieve effective muscle contraction were determined in slow and fast muscles in Sprague-Dawley rats. Stimulus patterns of our stimulator were designed to simulate electromyographic activity monitored during locomotion of normal subjects. Muscle types of the lower extremity were classified according to their mechanical property of contraction, which are slow muscle (msoleus m.) and fast muscle (medial gastrocneminus m., rectus femoris m., vastus lateralis m.). Optimal parameters of electrical stimulation for slow muscles were 20 Hz, 0.2 ms square pulse. For fast muscle, 40 Hz, 0.3 ms square pulse was optimal to produce repeated contraction. Higher stimulus intensity was required when synergistic muscles were stimulated simultaneously than when they were stimulated individually. Electrical stimulation for each muscle was designed to generate bipedal locomotion, so that individual muscles alternate contraction and relaxation to simulate stance and swing phases. Portable electrical stimulator with 16 channels built in microprocessor was constructed and applied to paraplegic patients due to lumbar cord injury. The electrical stimulator restored partially gait function in paraplegic patients. 30626 T00401030626 ^x Two-Dimensional modelling of the Cochlear biomechanics is presented in this paper. The Laplace partial differential equation which represents the fluid mechanics of the Cochlea has been transformed into two-dimensional electrical transmission line. The procedure of this transformation is explained in detail. The comparison between one and two dimensional models is also presented. This electrical modelling of the basilar membrane (BM) is clearly useful for the next approach to the further. Development of active elements which are essential in the producing of the sharp tuning of the BM. This paper shows that two-dimension model is qualitatively better than one-dimensional model both in amplitude and phase responses of the BM displacement. The present model is only for frequency response. However because the model is electrical, the two-dimensional transmission line model can be extended to time response without any difficult. 30627 T00401030627 ^x A method has been proposed for the fully automatic detection of left ventricular endocardial boundary in 2D short axis echocardiogram using geometric model. The procedure has the following three distinct stages. First, the initial center is estimated by the initial center estimation algorithm which is applied to decimated image. Second, the center estimation algorithm is applied to original image and then best-fit elliptic model estimation is processed. Third, best-fit boundary is detected by the cost function which is based on the best-fit elliptic model. The proposed method shows effective result without manual intervention by a human operator. 30628 T00401030628 ^x The intelligent trajectory control method that controls moving direction and average velocity for a prosthetic arm is proposed by pattern recognition and force estimations using EMG signals. Also, we propose the real time trajectory planning method which generates continuous accelleration paths using 3 stage linear filters to minimize the impact to human body induced by arm motions and to reduce the muscle fatigue. We use combination of MLP and fuzzy filter for pattern recognition to estimate the direction of a muscle and Hogan's method for the force estimation. EMG signals are acquired by using a amputation simulator and 2 dimensional joystick motion. The simulation results of proposed prosthetic arm control system using the EMf signals show that the arm is effectively followed the desired trajectory depended on estimated force and direction of muscle movements. 30638 T00401030638 ^x A new neural network architecture for the recognition of patterns from images is proposed, which is partially based on the results of physiological studies. The proposed network is composed of multi-layers and the nerve cells in each layer are connected by spatial filters which approximate receptive fields in optic nerve fields. In the proposed method, patterns recognition for complicated images is carried out using global features as well as local features such as lines and end-points. A new generating method of matched filers representing global features is proposed in this network. 30659 T00401030659 ^x An implementation scheme of the magnetic nerve stimulator using a switching mode power supply is proposed. By using a switching mode power supply rather than a conventional linear power supply for charging high voltage capacitors, the weight and size of the magnetic nerve stimulator can be considerably reduced. Maximum output voltage of the developed magnetic nerve stimulator using the switching mode power supply is 3, 000 volts and switching time is about 100 msec. Experimental results or human nerve stimulations using the developed stimulator are presented. 30768 T00401030768 ^x In this paper, we describe the design methodology and specifications of the developed module-based bedside monitors for patient monitoring. The bedside monitor consists of a main unit and module cases with various parameter modules. The main unit includes a 12.1" TFT color LCD, a main CPU board, and peripherals such as a module controller, Ethernet LAN card, video card, rotate/push button controller, etc. The main unit can connect at maximum three module cases each of which can accommodate up to 7 parameter modules. They include the modules for electrocardiograph, respiration, invasive blood pressure, noninvasive blood pressure, temperature, and SpO2 with Plethysmograph.SpO2 with Plethysmograph.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
• /
• 한국우주과학회 1993년도 한국우주과학회보 제2권2호
• /
• pp.17-17
• /
• 1993

The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70${\pm}$1.32mmHg/min)compared to CF dialyzers(4.32${\pm}$0.55mmHg/min)(p<0.05). However, there was no observable difference in the UFR between the two dialyzers. Neither APD nor UFR showed any significant increase with an increasing number of reuses for up to more than 20reuses. A substantial number of failures observed in APD(larger than 20mmHe/min)on the reused dialyzers(2 out of 40 CP and S out 26 C-DAK) were attributed to the Possible damage on the fibers. The CF 15-11 HFDs which failed APD test did not show changes in the UFR compared to normal dialyzers indicating that APD is a more sensitive test than UFR test to evaluate the integrity of the fibers. 30527 T00401030527 ^x For quantitative measurement of reflected light from a clinical diagnostic strip, a prototype old reflectance photometer was designed. The strip loader and cassette were made to obtain more accurate reflectance parameters. The strip was illuminated at 45˚c through optical fiber and the intensity of reflected light was determined at rectanguLat angle using a photodiode. The kubelka-munk coefficient and reflection optical density were determined ar four different wavelengths(500,550,570 and 610nm) for blood glucose strip. For higher concentration than 300mg/41 about glucose, a saturation state of abforbance was observed at 500,550 and 570nm. The correlation between glucose concentration and parameters was the best at 610nm. 30535 T00401030535 ^x Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma tumors were grown on the flanks of C3H mice. The mice were divided into two groups. One group was injected with Photofrin II, intravenously (2.5mg/kg body weight). The other group received no Photofrin II. Mice from both groups were irradialed for approximately 15 minutes at 100,300, or 500 mW/cm2 with the argon (488nm/514.5 nm), dye(628nm) and gold vapor (pulsed 628 nm) laser light. A photosensitizer behaved as an added absorber. Under our experimental conditions, the presence of Photolfrin II increased surface temperature by at least 40% and the temperature rise due to 300 mW/cm2 irradiation exceeded values for hyperthermia. Light and temperature distributions with depth were estimated by a computer model. The model demonstrated the influence of wavelength on the thermal process and proved to be a valuable tool to investigate internal temperature rise. 30536 T00401030536 ^x We investigated the structural geometry of thirty-eight Korean femurs. The purpose of this study is to identify major geometrical differences between Korean femurs 3nd others that we believe belong to Caucasians so that we would be able to get insights into the femoral component design that fits Asians including Koreans. We utilized computerized tomography (CT) images of femurs extracted from cadavers. The CT images were transformed into bitmap data by using a film scanner, and then analyzed by using a commercially available software called Image v.1.0 and a Macintosh IIci computer.The resulting data were compared with already published data. The major results show that the geometry of the Korean femurs is significantly different from that of Caucasians: (1) the anteversion angle and the canal flare index are greater by the amount of approximately 8˚ and 0.5, respectively, (2) the shape of the isthmus cross section is more round, and (3) the distance between the teaser trochanter and the proximal border of the isthmus is shelter by about 15 mm. The results suggested that the femoral component suitable for Asians should be different from the currently-used components designed and manufactured mostly by European or American companies. 30537 T00401030537 ^x It is well known that nonlinear propagation characteristics of the wave in the tissue may give very useful information for the medical diagnoisis. In this paper, a new method to detect nonlinear propagation characteristics of the internal vibration in the tissue for the low frequency mechanical vibration by using bispectral analysis is proposed. In the method, low frequency vibration of f0( = 100Hz) is applied on the surface of the object, and the waveform of the internal vibration x (t) is measured from Doppler frequency modulation of silmultaneously transmitted probing ultrasonic waves. Then, the bispectra of the signal x (t) at the frequencies (f0, f0) and (f0, 2f0) are calculated to estimate the nonlinear propagation characteristics as their magnitude ratio, w here since bispectrum is free from the gaussian additive noise we can get the value with high S/N. Basic experimental system is constructed by using 3.0 MHz probing ultrasonic waves and the several experiments are carried out for some phantoms. Results show the superiority of the proposed method to the conventional method using power spectrum and also its usefulness for the tissue characterization. 30541 T00401030541 ^x This paper describes the implementation of a computerized radial pulse diagnosis by aids of a clinical expert. On this base, we composed of the radial pulse diagnosis system in korean traditional medicine. The system composed of a radial pulse wave detection system and a radial pulse diagnosis system. With a detection system, we detected Inyoung and Cheongu radial pulse wave and processed it. Then, we have got the characteristic parameters of radial pulse wave and also quantified that according to the method of Inyoung-Cheongu Comparison Radial Pulse Diagnosis. We defined the jugement standard of radial pulse diagnosis system and then we confirmed the possibility for realization of automatic radial pulse diagnosis in korean traditional medicine. 30545 T00401030545 ^x Microspheres are expected to be applied to biomedical areas such as solid-phase immunoassays, drug delivery systems, immunomagnetic cell separation. To synthesize microspheres for biomedical application, "two stage shot growth method" was developed. The uniformity ratio of synthesized microspheres was always smaller than 1.05. And the surface charge density (or the number of ionizable functional groups) of the microspheres synthesized by "two stage shot growth method" was 6~13 times higher than that of the microspheres synthesized by conventional seeded batch copolymerization. As a previous step for biomedical application, adsorption experiments of bovine albumin on microspheres were carried out under various conditions. The maximum adsorbed amount was obtained in the neighborhood of pH 4.5. Isoelectric point of bovine albumin is pH 5.0, so experimental result shows that it shifted to acid area. The adsorption isotherm was obtained, the plateau region was always reached at 2.Og/L (bulk concentration of bovine albumin).The effect of the kind and the amount of surface functional group was also examined. 30575 T00401030575 ^x A medical image workstation was developed using multimedia technique. The system based on PC-486DX was designed to acquire medical images produced by medical imaging instruments and related audio information, that is, doctors' reporting results. Input information was processed and analyzed, then the results were presented in the form of graph and animation. All the informations of the system were hierarchically related with the image as the apex. Processing and analysis algorithms were implemented so that the diagnostic accuracy could be improved. The diagnosed information can be transferred for patient diagnosis through LAN(local area network). 30592 T00401030592 ^x In the conventional infrared imaging system, complex infrared lens systems are usually used for directing collimated narrow infrared beams into the high speed 2-dimensional optic scanner. In this paper, a simple reflective infrared optic system with a 2-dimensional optic scanner is proposed for the realization of medical infrared thermography system. It has been experimentally proven that the intfrared thermography system composed of the proposed optic system has the temperature resolution of 0.1˚c under the spatial resolution of lmrad, the image matrix size of 256 X 240, and tile imaging time of 4 seconds. 30593 T00401030593 ^x In this paper, MIIS (Medical Image Information System) has been designed and implemented using INGRES RDBMS, which is based on a client/server architecture. The implemented system allows users to register and retrieve patient information, medical images and diagnostic reports. It also provides the function to display these information on workstation windows simultaneously by using the designed menu-driven graphic user interface. The medical image compression/decompression techniques are implemented and integrated into the medical image database system for the efficient data storage and the fast access through the network. 30594 T00401030594 ^x In this paper, computerized BEAM was implemented for the space domain analysis of EEG. Trans-formation from temporal summation to two-dimensional mappings is formed by 4 nearest point inter-polaton method. Methods of representation of BEAM are two. One is dot density method which classify brain electrical potential 9 levels by dot density of gray levels and the other is colour method which classify brain electrical 12 levels by red-green colours. In this BEAM, instantaneous change and average energy distribution over any arbitrary time interval of brain electrical activity could be observed and analyzed easily. In the frequency domain, the distribution of energy spectrum of a special band can easily be distinguished normality and abnormality. 30608 T00401030608 ^x Laboratory information system (LIS) is a key tool to manage laboratory data in clinical pathology. Our department has developed an information system for routine hematology using down-sized computer system. We have used an IBM 486 compatible PC with 16MB main memory, 210 MB hard disk drive, 9 RS-232C port and 24 pin dot printer. The operating system and database management system were SCO UNIX and SCO foxbase, respectively. For program development, we used Xbase language provided by SCO foxbase. The C language was used for interface purpose. To make the system use friendly, pull-down menu was used. The system connected to our hospital information system via application program interface (API), so the information related to patient and request details is automatically transmitted to our computer. Our system interfaced with fwd complete blood count analyzers(Sysmex NE-8000 and Coulter STKS) for unidirectional data tansmission from analyzer to computer. The authors suggests that this system based on down-sized computer could provide a progressive approach to total LIS based on local area network, and the implemented system could serve as a model for other hospital's LIS for routine hematology. 30609 T00401030609 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. To use as the structural matrix of the composite, collagen was purified from human umbilical cord. The obtained collagen was treated by pepsin to remove telopeptides, and finally, the immune-free atelocollagen was produced: The cross linked atelocollagen was highly resistant to the collagenase induced collagenolysis. The cross linked collagen demonstrated an improved tensile strength. 30618 T00401030618 ^x This paper is a study on the design of adptive filter for QRS complex detection. We propose a simple adaptive algorithm to increase capability of noise cancelation in QRS complex detection with two stage adaptive filter. At the first stage, background noise is removed and at the next stage, only spectrum of QRS complex components is passed. Two adaptive filters can afford to keep track of the changes of both noise and QRS complex. Each adaptive filter consists of prediction error filter and FIR filter The impulse response of FIR filter uses coefficients of prediction error filter. The detection rates for 105 and 108 of MIT/BIH data base were 99.3% and 97.4% respectively. 30619 T00401030619 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed and produced a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. Human umbilical cord origin pepsin treated type I atelocollagen was used as the structural matrix, by which sintered or non-sintered carbonate apatite was encapsulated to form an inorganic-organic composite. With cross linking atelocollagen by UV ray irradiation, the resistance to both compressive and tensile strength was increased. Collagen degradation by the collagenase induced collagenolysis was also decreased. 30620 T00401030620 ^x We have developed a monoleaflet polymer valve as an inexpensive and viable alternative, especially for short-term use in the ventricular assist device or total artificial heart. The frame and leaflet of the polymer valve were made from polyurethane, To evaluate the hemodynamic performance of the polymer valve a comparative study of flow dynamics past a polymer valve and a St. Jude Medical prosthetic valve under physiological pulsatile flow conditions in vitro was made. Comparisons between the valves were made on the transvalvular pressure drop, regurgitation volume and maximum valve opening area. The polymer valve showed smaller regurgitation volume and transvalvular pressure drop compared to the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. The results showed that the functional characteristics of the polymer valve compared favorably with those of the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. 30621 T00401030621 ^x Explosive evaporative removal process of biological tissue by absorption of a CW laser has been simulated by using gelatin and a multimode Nd:YAG laser. Because the point of maximun temperature of laser-irradiated gelatin exists below the surface due to surface cooling, evaporation at the boiling temperature is made explosively from below the surface. The important parameters of this process are the conduction loss to laser power absorption (defined as the conduction-to-laser power parameter, Nk), the convection heat transfer at the surface to conduction loss (defined as Bi), dimensionless extinction coefficient (defined as Br.), and dimensionless irradiation time (defined as Fo). Dependence of Fo on Nk and Bi has been observed by experiment, and the results have been compared with the numerical results obtained by solving a 2-dimensional conduction equation. Fo and explosion depth (from the surface to the point of maximun temperature) are increased when Nk and Bi are increased.To find out the minimum laser power for explosive evaporative removal process, steady state analysis has been also made. The limit of Nk to induce evaporative removal, which is proportional to the inverse of the laser power, has been obtained. 30622 T00401030622 ^x N1 and N2 gross neural action potentials were measured from the round window of the guinea pig cochlea at the onset of the acoustic stimuli. N1-N2 audiograms were made by means of regulating stimulant intensities in order to produce constant N1-N2 potentials as criteria for different input tone pip frequencies. The lowest threshold was measured with an input tone pip I5 dB SPL in intensity and 12 KHz in frequency when the animal was in normal physiological condition. The procedure of experimental measurements is explained in detail. This experimental approach is very useful for the investigation of the Cochlear function. Both noN1inear and active functions of the Cochlea can be monitored by N1-N2 audiograms. 30623 T00401030623 ^x In electrical impedance tomography(EIT), we use boundary current and voltage measurements toprovide the information about the cross-sectional distribution of electrical impedance or resistivity. One of the major problems in EIT has been the inaccessibility of internal voltage or current data in finding the internal impedance values. We propose a new image reconstruction method using internal current density data measured by NMR. We obtained a two-dimensional current density distribution within a phantom by processing the real and imaginary MR images from a 4.77 NMR machine. We implemented a resistivity mage reconstruction algorithm using the finite element method and sensitivity matrix. We presented computer simulation results of the mage reconstruction algorithm and furture direction of the research. 30624 T00401030624 ^x A new method of digital image analysis technique for discrimination of cancer cell was presented in this paper. The object image was the Thyroid eland cells image that was diagnosed as normal and abnormal (two types of abnormal: follicular neoplastic cell, and papillary neoplastic cell), respectively. By using the proposed region segmentation algorithm, the cells were segmented into nucleus. The 16 feature parameters were used to calculate the features of each nucleus. A9 a consequence of using dominant feature parameters method proposed in this paper, discrimination rate of 91.11% was obtained for Thyroid Gland cells. 30625 T00401030625 ^x An electrical stimulator was designed to induce locomotion for paraplegic patients caused by central nervous system injury. Optimal stimulus parameters, which can minimize muscle fatigue and can achieve effective muscle contraction were determined in slow and fast muscles in Sprague-Dawley rats. Stimulus patterns of our stimulator were designed to simulate electromyographic activity monitored during locomotion of normal subjects. Muscle types of the lower extremity were classified according to their mechanical property of contraction, which are slow muscle (msoleus m.) and fast muscle (medial gastrocneminus m., rectus femoris m., vastus lateralis m.). Optimal parameters of electrical stimulation for slow muscles were 20 Hz, 0.2 ms square pulse. For fast muscle, 40 Hz, 0.3 ms square pulse was optimal to produce repeated contraction. Higher stimulus intensity was required when synergistic muscles were stimulated simultaneously than when they were stimulated individually. Electrical stimulation for each muscle was designed to generate bipedal locomotion, so that individual muscles alternate contraction and relaxation to simulate stance and swing phases. Portable electrical stimulator with 16 channels built in microprocessor was constructed and applied to paraplegic patients due to lumbar cord injury. The electrical stimulator restored partially gait function in paraplegic patients. 30626 T00401030626 ^x Two-Dimensional modelling of the Cochlear biomechanics is presented in this paper. The Laplace partial differential equation which represents the fluid mechanics of the Cochlea has been transformed into two-dimensional electrical transmission line. The procedure of this transformation is explained in detail. The comparison between one and two dimensional models is also presented. This electrical modelling of the basilar membrane (BM) is clearly useful for the next approach to the further. Development of active elements which are essential in the producing of the sharp tuning of the BM. This paper shows that two-dimension model is qualitatively better than one-dimensional model both in amplitude and phase responses of the BM displacement. The present model is only for frequency response. However because the model is electrical, the two-dimensional transmission line model can be extended to time response without any difficult. 30627 T00401030627 ^x A method has been proposed for the fully automatic detection of left ventricular endocardial boundary in 2D short axis echocardiogram using geometric model. The procedure has the following three distinct stages. First, the initial center is estimated by the initial center estimation algorithm which is applied to decimated image. Second, the center estimation algorithm is applied to original image and then best-fit elliptic model estimation is processed. Third, best-fit boundary is detected by the cost function which is based on the best-fit elliptic model. The proposed method shows effective result without manual intervention by a human operator. 30628 T00401030628 ^x The intelligent trajectory control method that controls moving direction and average velocity for a prosthetic arm is proposed by pattern recognition and force estimations using EMG signals. Also, we propose the real time trajectory planning method which generates continuous accelleration paths using 3 stage linear filters to minimize the impact to human body induced by arm motions and to reduce the muscle fatigue. We use combination of MLP and fuzzy filter for pattern recognition to estimate the direction of a muscle and Hogan's method for the force estimation. EMG signals are acquired by using a amputation simulator and 2 dimensional joystick motion. The simulation results of proposed prosthetic arm control system using the EMf signals show that the arm is effectively followed the desired trajectory depended on estimated force and direction of muscle movements. 30638 T00401030638 ^x A new neural network architecture for the recognition of patterns from images is proposed, which is partially based on the results of physiological studies. The proposed network is composed of multi-layers and the nerve cells in each layer are connected by spatial filters which approximate receptive fields in optic nerve fields. In the proposed method, patterns recognition for complicated images is carried out using global features as well as local features such as lines and end-points. A new generating method of matched filers representing global features is proposed in this network. 30659 T00401030659 ^x An implementation scheme of the magnetic nerve stimulator using a switching mode power supply is proposed. By using a switching mode power supply rather than a conventional linear power supply for charging high voltage capacitors, the weight and size of the magnetic nerve stimulator can be considerably reduced. Maximum output voltage of the developed magnetic nerve stimulator using the switching mode power supply is 3,000 volts and switching time is about 100 msec. Experimental results or human nerve stimulations using the developed stimulator are presented. 30768 T00401030768 ^x In this paper, we describe the design methodology and specifications of the developed module-based bedside monitors for patient monitoring. The bedside monitor consists of a main unit and module cases with various parameter modules. The main unit includes a 12.1" TFT color LCD, a main CPU board, and peripherals such as a module controller, Ethernet LAN card, video card, rotate/push button controller, etc. The main unit can connect at maximum three module cases each of which can accommodate up to 7 parameter modules. They include the modules for electrocardiograph, respiration, invasive blood pressure, noninvasive blood pressure, temperature, and SpO2 with Plethysmograph.