• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a new method which generates the trajectory of the mouth shape for the characters by the user inputs. It is based on the character at a basis syllable and can be suitable to the mouth shape generation. In this paper, we understand the principle of the Korean language creation and find the similarity for the form of the mouth shape and select it as a basic syllable. We also consider the articulation of this phoneme for it and create a new mouth shape trajectory and apply at face of an 3D avatar.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Case-based reasoning (CBR) method can make estimators understand the estimation process more clearly. Thus, CBR is widely used as a methodology for cost estimation. In CBR, the quality of case retrieval affects the relevance of retrieved cases and hence the overall quality of the reminding capability of CBR system. Thus, it is essential to retrieve relevant past cases for establishing a robust CBR system. Case retrieval needs the following tasks to obtain appropriate case(s); indexing, search, and matching (Aamodt and Plaza 1994). However, the previous CBR researches mostly deal with matching process that has limits such as accuracy and efficiency of case retrieval. In order to address this issue, this research presents a CBR cost model for building projects that has two-step retrieval process: decision tree and nearest neighbor methods. Specifically, the proposed cost model has indexing, search and matching modules. Features in the model are divided into shape-based and scale-based attributes. Based on these, decision tree is established for facilitating the search task and nearest neighbor method was utilized for matching task. In regard to applying nearest neighbor method, attribute weights are assigned using GA optimization and similarity is calculated using the principle of distance measuring. Thereafter, the proposed CBR cost model is developed using 174 cases and validated using 12 test cases.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.120-129
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• 1997

The fire protective coating can reduce certain damages in case of fire, also conserve energy by thermal insulation and prevent corrosion and errosion in normal daily life by means of blocking thermal transfer, that were generally made of organic, inorganic and metallic materials as adiabatic coating. In case of inorganic material such as soluble silicate, it produces less toxic substances which are exposed to Ore, and have a plenty of raw material. Also inorganic thermal insulator is good in heat resistance. To develope such a excellent inorganic thermal insulator, the study of fire protective coating using the alkali silicate is necessary The principle of intumescence for alkali silicate is from rapid evolution of water in the coating material, the quantity of water in it is of course influenced on the degree of intumescence. The phenomenon of intumescence in ternary silicate is increased as the radius of ion is bigger, and this is caused by evolution of so many kinds of water. The individual degree of intumescence is ordered like this ; $K^+$ > $Na^+$ > $Li^+$ . The best protection effect is similarity found to intumescence of ternary silicate. The result of X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that $KHSi_2O_5$ is an important ingredient in K-silicate.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.689-695
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• 2017

Ohmic heating is an internal heating method based on the principle that when an electrical current passes through food, electric resistance heat is uniformly generated internally by food resistance. Previous studies indicate that the thermal properties, external structure, internal structure, and swelling power of ohmic heat treated starch of various starches, such as potato, wheat, corn, and sweet potato, differed from those of conventional heating at the same temperature. In this study, the pasting property of starch, treated with ohmic and conventional heating, were measured by RVA (Rapid Visco-Analyzer). Our results show that as the ohmic heating temperature increased, the PV (Paste Viscosity) of the starch decreased significantly, and the PT (Pasting Temperature) increased. Changes in PV and PT indicate that the swelling of starch remains unchanged by ohm heating. The HPV (Hot Paste Viscosity), CPV (Cold Paste Viscosity) and SV (Setback Viscosity) of ohmic heated starch also differed from the conventional heated starch. The pasting property is similar to the viscosity curve of common cross-linked modified starch. In this experiment, we further confirm the similarity with modified starch and its usability.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2021

Logic and intuition are considered as the opposite extremes of teaching geometry, and any teaching method of geometry is to be placed between these extremes. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of logical and intuitive approaches for teaching geometry and to derive didactical implications by taking Euclid's Elements and Clairaut's Elements respectively representing the extremes. To this end, comparing the composition and contents of each book, we analyze which propositions Clairaut chose from Euclid's Elements, how their approaches differ in definitions, proofs, and geometrical constructions, and what unique approaches Clairaut took. The results reveal that Clairaut mainly chose propositions from Euclid's books 1, 3, 6, 11, and 12 to provide the contexts that show why such ideas were needed, rather than the sudden appearance of abstract and formal propositions, and omitted or modified the process of justification according to learners' levels. These propose a variety of intuitive strategies in line with trends of teaching geometry towards emphasis on conceptual understanding and different levels of justification. Specifically, such as the general principle of similarity and the infinite geometric approach shown in Clairaut's Elements, we could confirm that intuition-based geometry does not necessarily aim for tasks with low cognitive demand, but must be taught in a way that learners can understand.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.606-616
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• 2021

A photonic integrated interferometric imaging system possesses the characteristics of small-scale, low weight, low power consumption, and better image quality. It has potential application for replacing conventional large space telescopes. In this paper, the principle of photonic integrated interferometric imaging is investigated. A novel lenslet array arrangement and lenslet pairing approach are proposed, which are helpful in improving spatial frequency coverage. For the novel lenslet array arrangement, two short interference arms were evenly distributed between two adjacent long interference arms. Each lenslet in the array would be paired twice through the novel lenslet pairing approach. Moreover, the image reconstruction model for optical interferometric imaging based on compressed sensing was established. Image simulation results show that the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) of the reconstructed image based on compressive sensing is about 10 dB higher than that of the direct restored image. Meanwhile, the normalized mean square error (NMSE) of the direct restored image is approximately 0.38 higher than that of the reconstructed image. Structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of the reconstructed image based on compressed sensing is about 0.33 higher than that of the direct restored image. The increased spatial frequency coverage and image reconstruction approach jointly contribute to better image quality of the photonic integrated interferometric imaging system.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.118-127
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a method for construction of robust 3D statistical shape model in the mandible CT datasets. Our method consists of following four steps. First, we decompose a 3D input shape Into patches. Second, to generate a corresponding shape of a floating shape, all shapes in the training set are parameterized onto a disk similar to the patch topology. Third, we generate the corresponding shape by one-to-one mapping between the reference and the floating shapes. We solve the problem failed to generate the corresponding points near the patch boundary Finally, the corresponding shapes are aligned with the reference shape. Then statistical shape model is generated by principle component analysis. To evaluate the accuracy of our 3D statistical shape model of the mandible, we perform visual inspection and similarity measure using average distance difference between the floating and the corresponding shapes. In addition, we measure the compactness of statistical shape model using the modes of variation. Experimental results show that our 3D statistical shape model generated by the mandible CT datasets with various characteristics has a high similarity between the floating and corresponding shapes and is represented by the small number of modes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.191-199
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• 2023

This study aimed to propose minimized radiation doses with an optimized abdomen x-ray image, which realizes a Deep Blind Image Super-Resolution Generative adversarial network (BSRGAN) technique. Entrance surface doses (ESD) measured were collected by changing exposure conditions. In the identical exposures, abdominal images were acquired and were processed with the BSRGAN. The images reconstructed by the BSRGAN were compared to a reference image with 80 kVp and 320 mA, which was evaluated by mean squared error (MSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity index measure (SSIM). In addition, signal profile analysis was employed to validate the effect of the images reconstructed by the BSRGAN. The exposure conditions with the lowest MSE (about 0.285) were shown in 90 kVp, 125 mA and 100 kVp, 100 mA, which decreased the ESD in about 52 to 53% reduction), exhibiting PSNR = 37.694 and SSIM = 0.999. The signal intensity variations in the optimized conditions rather decreased than that of the reference image. This means that the optimized exposure conditions would obtain reasonable image quality with a substantial decrease of the radiation dose, indicating it could sufficiently reflect the concept of As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) as the principle of radiation protection.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.267-302
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• 2019

Oral literature can largely be categorized into myth, legend, and folktales, which are stories orally transmitted from the prehistoric times. The purpose of this study is to compare the discourse on the oral literature of the East and the West from a cultural studies viewpoint by focusing on its "symbolic systems," particularly "figures of speech," or "tropic traits", in order to utilize this oral literature as a resource in the study of Northeast Asian culture. Undergoing modernization, the symbolic meaning of oral literature has been demythologized both in the West and in Northeast Asia. Of course, oral literature, verbally transmitted over a long period of time, has naturally been changed over time and even "contaminated" in a sense by losing its original archaic archetype while it was textualized with letters during the early period of the modernization process. Nevertheless, the principle of "resemblance" and "similarity" between nature/universe and human/humanity, which has been stripped away in modernity, can still be found in oral literature with its mythic power. For this reason, the study of oral literature in the West has attempted to restore the lost magical power within it, particularly in myth. As such, this study delves into the symbolism of the mythic thought of Northeast Asian countries, namely Korea, China, and Japan, which has been lost in the course of their compressed modernization, in relation to the tropic figures of their oral literatures.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 2017

Death culture continues to lead human history with complementarity in the sense that it is half of life culture. The three sacred gates and the two tombs are connected to the olegil space. In this space, the principle of complementarity in which coexistence exist between life and death is hidden in Jeju culture. It is a question and wait. Contrarily, the opposite is complementary. (Contraria Sunt Complementa Latin) This refers to the relationship of each other in relation to one another and in a mutually dependent relationship. The Jong Nang is used as basic logic in DNA codon of human body as well as communication principle. In addition, there is a pattern of similarity of the linkage between the square oval ear of the grave, the Korean Taegeukguk and 卦, the genome (DNA) 卦. The Jong Nang 'Batdam' and 'Sandam' are conneted like 'black dragon ten thousand', and stone walls are connected to each other as the stone network, which is called as the 'Goendam' (and conventionally is told as the 'Goendang') and is related to the Family networks. The relationship between the Tomb of the ancestors and their offspring is believed to be "Soul Synchronizing the Ancestor to Offspring" and becomes "Change in Future", and Genetic factors in the physical blood are transmitted directly to the children. The DNA RNA was represented by the determinant.