• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.29-38
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose an automatic segmentation method of meniscus in knee MR images by automatic meniscus localization, multi-atlas-based locally-weighted voting, and patch-based edge feature classification. First, after segmenting the bone and knee articular cartilage, the volume of interest of the meniscus is automatically localized. Second, the meniscus is segmented by multi-atlas-based locally-weighted voting taking into account the weights of shape and intensity distribution in the volume of interest of the meniscus. Finally, to remove leakage to the collateral ligaments with similar intensity, meniscus is refined using patch-based edge feature classification considering shape and distance weights. Dice similarity coefficient between proposed method and manual segmentation were 80.13% of medial meniscus and 80.81 % for lateral meniscus, and showed better results of 7.25% for medial meniscus and 1.31% for lateral meniscus compared to the multi-atlas-based locally-weighted voting.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.3721-3729
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• 2014

Background: Cancer is becoming the most important public health burden around the globe. As per the GLOBOCAN 2008 estimates, about 12.7 million cancer cases and 7.6 million cancer deaths were estimated to have occurred in 2008. The burden of cancer cases for India in the year 2020 is calculated to be 1,148,757 (male 534,353; female 614,404) compared to 979,786 in 2010. The pattern of cancer incidence is varying among geographical regions, esophageal cancer for example being high in China, lung cancer in USA, and gallbladder cancer in Chile. The question remains why? Is it due to the diversity in genome pool, food habits, risk factor association and role of genetic susceptibility or some other factors associated with it? In India, the North East (NE)-India region is seeing a marked increase in cancer incidence and deaths, with a very different cancer incidence pattern compared to mainland India. The genome pool of the region is also quite distinct from the rest of India. Northeastern tribes are quite distinct from other groups; they are more closely related to East Asians than to other Indians. In this paper an attempt was made to see whether there is any similarity among the pattern of cancer incidence cases for different sites of NE-India region to South or East-Asia. Materials and Methods: Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), Pearson Correlation coefficient test was assessed to evaluate the linkage of North-East India region to other regions. A p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The results clearly shows that there are similarities in occurrence of cancer incidence patterns for various cancer sites of NE-India with South and East-Asian regions, which may lead to the conclusion that there might be a genetic linkage between these regions.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1392-1399
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• 2016

Jaspine B is an anhydrophytosphingosine that is isolated from a marine sponge. Because of its structural similarity to sphingosine, it shows anti-cancer effects in human carcinomas. Therefore, this study aims to investigate its anti-proliferative effect on various cancer cells and to correlate its association with the intracellular accumulation of Jaspine B in relevant cancer cells. The anti-proliferative effect of Jaspine B in various cancer cells was determined by a cell viability test, and the intracellular concentration of Jaspine B in relevant cancer cells was determined using mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography. The correlation coefficient and p value between the cytotoxicity and the cell accumulation of Jaspine B were determined using SPSS 16.1. The cytotoxicity of Jaspine B varied depending on the type of cancer cell when compared the $EC_{50}$ values of Jaspine B. Breast and melanoma cancer cells were susceptible to Jaspine B, whereas renal carcinoma cells were resistant. The intracellular concentrations of Jaspine B had a reciprocal correlation with the $EC_{50}$ values in the same cells (r = 0.838). The results suggested that the anti-proliferative effect of Jaspine B was associated with the cellular accumulation of this compound. However, Jaspine B was not a substrate for P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein, as major efflux pumps caused multidrug resistance. The maintenance of a high intracellular concentration is crucial for the cytotoxic effect of Jaspine B; however, efflux pumps may not be a controlling factor for Jaspine B-related resistance in cancer cells.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2004

The genetic variation and intraspecific relationships between 10 individuals of seven cultivars and one Ulleungdo native of Wasabia japonica were investigated using RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis. The 21 primers out of 50 random primers were amplified for all tested plants. The 68 (47.2%) among 144 bands derived from 21 primers showed polymorphism, and 3.2 bands per primer were observed. Number of bands per primer was ranged from 2 to 13, and average numbers were 6.8. The phenograms for 11 analyzed individuals by RAPD markers were not matched well with those of the result by morphological characters since they were clustered monophyletic at the similarity coefficient value ranged from 0.81 to 0.96. The Ulleungdo native individual was clustered sister to Daruma, Simanesairal, Sawa, and Hujidaruma cultivars. The RAPD markers were not useful to evaluate the intraspecific variations in Wasabia japonica cultivars, therefore need to more specific molecular phylogenetic characters such as AFLP technology and gene sequence of nuclear and chloroplast DNA.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2013

The jujube is an important fruit tree species in Korea. Traditionally, classifications of jujube cultivars have been based on morphological characters; however, morphological identification can be problematic because morphological traits are affected by environmental conditions. Therefore, DNA markers are now being used for the rapid and accurate identification of plant species. Inter-simple sequence repeat (I-SSR) is one of the best DNA-based molecular marker techniques, which is useful for studying genetic relations and for the identification of closely related cultivars. In this study, 5 Korean jujube trees and 1 jujube tree imported from China were analyzed for 16 I-SSR primers. Amplification of the genomic DNA of jujube cultivars by using I-SSR analysis generated 100 bands, with an average of 6.25 bands per primer, of which 45 bands (45%) were polymorphic. The number of amplified fragments with I-SSR primers ranged from 2 to 13. The percentage of polymorphism ranged from 10% to 100%. I-SSR finger printing profiles showed that 'Boeun jujube' and 'Daeri jujube' had characteristic DNA patterns, indicating unequivocal cultivar identification at molecular level. According to the results of clustering analysis, the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.68 to 0.92. 'Boeun jujube' and 'Daeri jujube' were divided into independent groups, and 'Bokjo jujube', 'Geumseong jujube', 'Wolchul jujube', and 'Mudeung jujube' were placed in the same group. Therefore, I-SSR markers are suitable for the discrimination of 'Boeun jujube' and 'Daeri jujube' cultivars.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.71-81
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the weed occurrence and distribution on the orchard fields (apple, pear, peach, grape) at 387 sites in Chungbuk province of Korea from May to September in 2015. From the result of this survey, 200 weed species in 47 families were identified and classified to 82 annuals, 40 biennials and 78 perennials. Based on the occurrence ratio, the most dominant weed species in Chungbuk province orchard fields were higher in order of Digitaria ciliaris (4.12%), Echinochloa crus-galli (3.60%), Stellaria aquatica (3.45%), Artemisia princeps (3.07%) and Chenopodium album (3.06%). The composition of major occurred weed families, Compositae, Poaceae, Leguminosae and Cyperaceae were 21, 9, 6 and 6%, respectively. Coefficient of similarity between a various orchards based on the degree of dominance were ranged from 68.7-91.8%. The most important weed species at apple, peach, grape was Digitaria ciliaris while these for pear was Poa annua. Fifty-one exotic weed species were also identified. The results of this study could be useful information for estimation of future weed occurrence, weed population dynamics and establishment of weed control methods on the orchard fields in Chungbuk province of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2002

The seeds of Coix lachryma-jobi Linne var. mayuen Stapf. are used as dietary food for obesity and diabetes under the names of Yulmu in Korea and Yiyiren(薏苡仁) in China. It is one of the drugs promoting diuresis to eliminate the wetness-evil from the lower warmer in the traditional Korean medicine. According to ancient textbook of the traditional Korean medicine, it should be applied to patients with phlegm and heat, etc. The establishment of the method for the discrimination of Coisis Semen is very important for the quality control of drugs. Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) analysis and anatomical characteristics were used for the discrimination of Coix lachryma-jobi $Linn\acute{e}$ var. mayuen $S_{TAPF}$. and C. lachryma-jobi $Linn\acute{e}$. In the RAPD analysis with 20 primers, 8 primers gave informative and reproducible bands with the genomic DNA. From the cluster analysis, the genus Coix were divided into two groups at similarity coefficient of 0.863.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.444-454
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• 2013

The development of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) provided a useful tool for investigating Korean ginseng genetic diversity. In this study, 18 polymorphic markers (7 RAPD and 11 EST-SSR) selected to assess the genetic diversity in 31 ginseng accessions (11 Korean ginseng cultivars and 20 breeding lines). In RAPD analysis, a total of 53 unique polymorphic bands were obtained from ginseng accessions and number of amplicons ranged from 4 to 11 with a mean of 7.5 bands. Pair-wise genetic similarity coefficient (Nei) among all pairs of ginseng accessions varied from 0.01 to 0.32, with a mean of 0.11. On the basis of the resulting data, the 31 ginseng accessions were grouped into six clusters. As a result of EST-SSR analysis, 11 EST-SSR markers detected polymorphisms among the 31 ginseng accessions and revealed 49 alleles with a mean of 4.45 alleles per primer. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.06 to 0.31, with an average of 0.198. The 31 ginseng accessions were classified into five groups by cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distances. Consequently, the results of ginseng-specific RAPD and EST-SSR markers may prove useful for the evaluation of genetic diversity and discrimination of Korean ginseng cultivars and breeding lines.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 2008

The comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) for the fungicidal activity with N-phenylbenzenesulfonamide analogues (1-45) against gray mold (Botriyts cinerea) were studied quantitatively. The statistical values of CoMFA models had much better predictability and fitness than those of comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) models. The statistical values of the optimized CoMFA I model were predictablity, $r^2_{cv.}(or\;q^2)=0.457$ and correlation coefficient, $r^2_{ncv.}=0.959$, and their fungicidal activity was dependent on the steric field (52%) and electrostatic field (35.6%) of the substrate molecules. And also, it was found that the optimized CoMFA I model with the sensitivity to perturbation ($d_q^{2'}/dr^2_{yy'}=0.898$) and prediction ($q^2=0.346$ & SDEP=0.614) produced by a progressive scrambling analysis was not dependent on chance correlation. From the results of graphical analyses on the contour maps with the optimized CoMFA I model, it is expected that the $R_3$ and $R_4$-substituents on the N-phenyl ring as steric favor group and para-substituents ($R_1$) on the S-phenyl ring as steric disfavor group will contribute to the fungicidal activity. Therefore, the optimized CoMFA I model should be applicable to the prediction of the fungicidal activities against gray mold.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.229-239
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• 2016

The aim of this paper is to extend the TOPSIS(Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution) to the fuzzy environment for solving the new professor selection problem in a university. In order to achieve the goal, the rating of each candidate and the weight of each criterion are described by linguistic terms which can be expressed in trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. In this paper, a vertex method is proposed to calculate the distance between two trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. According to the concept of the TOPSIS, a closeness coefficient is defined to determine the ranking order of all candidates. This research derived; 1) 4 evaluation criteria(research results, education and research competency, personality, major suitability) for new professor selection, 2) the 5 step procedure of the proposed fuzzy TOPSIS method for the group decision, 3) priorities of 4 candidates in the new professor selection case. The results of this paper will be useful to practical expert who is interested in analyzing fuzzy data and its multi-criteria decision-making tool for personal selection problem in personal management. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications of the findings were discussed and the directions for future research were suggested.