• Title/Summary/Keyword: silk yarn

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Studies on the Shrinkage of Silk Yarn by Neutral Salts (견의 중성염류에 의한 염축에 관한 연구)

  • 이용우;이광길
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.87-92
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    • 1991
  • The shrinkages and physical properties of silk yarn were studied on the effect of treatment concentration, time and temperature with various neutral salts. The degummed silk yarn was shrunk about 35 percent by highly concentrated solution of Ca(NO3)2 on conditions of S.G.(special gravity) 1.45 at 9$0^{\circ}C$ or S. G. 1.46 at 8$0^{\circ}C$. About 40 percent of silk yarn was contracted in length by the treatment of CaCl2 solution on conditions of S. G. 1.33 at 9$0^{\circ}C$ for 5 mins. or at 85$^{\circ}C$ for 10 mins. By treating the concentrated solution of LiBr the silk yarn showed about 40 percent of shrinkage on a conditions of S. G. 1.38, $25^{\circ}C$ 24hrs. The physical properties of salt-treated silk yarn could be significantly changed with shrinkage variations. There were some differences in shrinkages between different type of salts. However, it was observed that generally the tenacity was decreased and breaking elongation increased as the shrinkage increased. The bulkiness of salt-treated silk yarn was increased by 110 to 120 percent compared with untreated yarn.

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Effect of treatment temperature on mechanical properties of silk textiles made with silk/polyurethane core-spun yarn

  • Bae, Yeon Su;Um, In Chul
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.108-112
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    • 2016
  • Silk has been used extensively in textile applications because of its good luster and feel. However, the low elongation and elastic recovery of silk has limited its use in a wider variety of textile applications. In this study, silk textile samples were made with a highly twisted silk/polyurethane core-spun yarn. They were immersed in water and dried at different temperatures, and the effect of treatment temperature on the mechanical properties of the silk textile was examined. It was found that the water temperature strongly affected the morphology and mechanical properties of the silk textile, whereas the drying temperature did not. As the water temperature was increased, the weft silk yarn became tangled and the interval between warp yarns decreased, resulting in shrinkage of the silk textile. When the silk textile was immersed in water at high temperature (i.e., $100^{\circ}C$), the elongation of the textile increased eight-fold as compared to an untreated silk textile. The maximum elastic recovery ratio of the silk textile was 96.7%.

Studies on the compound spun silk and its fabrics (복합견방사 및 그 제품개발에 관한 연구)

  • 남중희;송기언
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.27-39
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    • 1976
  • In this study several kinds of spun silk yarn-synthetic filament compounded yarn was manufactured, and several fabrics woven from above mentioned silk compound yarn for evaluation of serviceability as clothing materials. The following results were obtained: 1. Degumming agents are in the order of sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbornate, soap and water. 2. When the concentration of sodium hydroxide is exceeded 3%, degradation of floss silk property is resulted because of excessive dissolving out of silk protein. 3. Degumming effect is much improved by concentration of degumming agent and less by its treating time. 4. Simultaneous application of more the 2 kinds of degumming agent is desirable for improvement of floss silk. 5. Application of natural organic acid brings very good results in keeping original scooping and color of the silk. 6. Load and elongation it increased by compound with synthetic filament yarn. 7. Even the evenness of compound yarn is largely dependent on the quality of floss silk and extent of degumming, the C.V.% of silk compound yarn in the experiment was 8-12%. 8. Single bath dyeing technique was impossible for their cloth, and dyeing was performed in 2 bath system separately for silk and synthetic fiber. 9. Shrinkage ratio due to the dyeing of fabric was 23% in case of polyester and spun silk fabric. 10. The final woven cloth can be applicable to (a) Blouse in care of thin cloth (compound silk fabric) (b) Korean costume for women in case of thick cloth. (compound hand spun silk fabric)

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A Study on the Manufacturing of Stretch Silk Fabrics (I) - Effect of Processing Condition of Covered Yarn - (스트레치성 실크직물 제조에 관한 연구(I) -커버링사 공정 조건의 영향-)

  • Kwon Soon-Jueng;Jin Young-Gil
    • Textile Coloration and Finishing
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    • v.18 no.2 s.87
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 2006
  • Silk fabrics are very popular and widely used because of their elegant appearance. However, silk fabrics generally have easy wrinkle, and do not stretch and deform permanently after machine washing. Then the stretched properties of silk fabrics are important for the application of industrial textile materials such as formal and sports wear. Thus, this research surveys the covering, weaving and degumming conditions for stretched silk fabrics. As a result, yarn breaking stress was reduced with increasing spindle speed, and the yarn twists were optimized under the covering condition of polyurethane/silk with PVA pretreatment. In addition, the shrinkage of the silk fabrics treated with star degumming process was reduced by continuous NaOH degumming process. The fabrics showed the fabric physical properties with optimum stretched properties and evenness surfaces.

Physical Stimulus of Silk Woven Fabrics, Subjective Hand and Mechanical Properties (견직물의 물리적 자극에 따른 태와 역학적 특성)

  • 김춘정;나영주
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.429-439
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    • 2000
  • This study was aimed to investigate the handle and mechanical properties of silk woven fabrics according to the fabric structure and yarn types 56 male and female students evaluated 16 black specimens with semantic differential scale of 20 hand adjectives. Mechanical parameters such as surface properties, bending properties and compression properties were tested using by KES-FS system. Data were analyzed through factor analysis, pearson correlation coefficient and t-test using PC SAS package. The results were as follows: The hand adjectives were grouped as 4 'surface roughness', 'flexibility', ;sense of thermal', and 'dryness'. 'Surface roughness' was highly sensed at satin fabrics of hard-twist yarn, noil yarn and spun yarn, while it was not at the fabrics of normal satin and twill at all. 'Flexibility' was reverse to 'surface roughness'. Thermal sense was felt highly at satin fabrics of noil-yarn, while low at plain fabrics of normal yarn. 'Dryness' was high at satin fabrics of hard-twist yarn and while it was low at normal satin fabrics. Predicted equations for subjective hand from mechanical properties of fabrics were developed using Stevens's law and stepwise regression and the coefficients of determination were high.

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Effect of Surfactant on Homogeneity of Partially Degummed Silk Fiber

  • Chung, Da Eun;Um, In Chul
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.19-24
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    • 2014
  • Silk has always been one of the most favored textile materials. Fully degummed silk fiber (i.e., silk fibers without sericin) shows better luster than raw silk fiber (with sericin); it is also softer. On the other hand, raw silk fiber feels cooler because of the presence of sericin, making it useful as a textile for the summer season. Recently, partially degummed silk has attracted researchers' attention because it provides better luster, feel, and dyeing properties. However, the partial degumming of silk is very difficult because it results in inhomogeneously degummed fiber. In the present study, silk yarns were degummed with surfactant aqueous solutions and the effects of each surfactant on the degumming ratio, crystallinity, and homogeneity of the degummed silk yarn were examined. The degumming ratio and crystallinity index of silk yarn varied depending on the type of surfactant. On the whole, anionic surfactants resulted in higher degumming ratios and better homogeneity than nonionic surfactants.

Studies on Fabrics woven with Silk/Polyester Compound Yarn (고치와 폴리에스텔 복합사 직물의 시직)

  • 김영대;김남정
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.147-151
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    • 1994
  • This study was carried out investigate the characteristics of Habutae and Chiffon woven with silk and polyester(S/P) compound yarn. The S/P compound yarn could be produced by the automatic reeling machine with attachment of air jetting device, polyester yarn guider and tension control apparatus. The surface structure, tensile property and dyeing fastness of S/P compound fabric were examined for the fabric properties. Electron microscopy revealed that most part of S/P compound yarn was well interlaced and some silk part of compound yarn were hidden by polyester on an examination of surface of chiffon fabric. By the one bath and two step dyeing of disperse and acidic dyes, the colour fastness of S/P compound fabrics were 4 grade above. The tenacity and initial modulus of the finished S/P compound fabric were lower than those of grey and degummed fabrics, but reversed in elongation.

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A Study on making polyester silk-like (Polyester 섬유의 silk화에 관한 연구)

  • Cha Ok Seon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.27-30
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    • 1981
  • The change of physical properties of polyester yarn treated with sodium hydroxide solution for making polyester silk like was investigated. The tenacity of polyester yarn was reduced by increasing alkali concentration and temperature. Degree of polymerization of polyester was decreased slightly but the heat of fusion was not changed appreciably.

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Hydrolysis of Silk Fibroin with Boiling Water, Hydrochloric Acid, and Sodium Hydroxide -On the Quantitative Change in Terminal Amino Group Content- (견피브로인의 비등수 염산 및 수산화나트륨에 의한 가수분해 -말단아미노기의 정양적변화를 중심으로-)

  • Park Chan Hun;Dho Seong Kook
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.63-69
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    • 1987
  • Silk fibroin is likely to be hydrolyzed by acids or alkalies at high temperature, and the degree of the hydrolysis has been inferred from the changes in tensile strength and elongation. But, in this experiment, it was intended to infer that from the quantitative changes in terminal aminp group content as well as in tensile strength and elongation. Silk yarn was treated with boiling water, hydrochloric acid, and sodium hydroxide under various conditions. The boiling water somewhat degraded silk fibroin. Silk yarn treated with sodium hydroxide contained more terminal amino group than that treated with hydrochloric acid. This result agreed fairly well with the loss in weight, tensile strength, and elongation: the terminal amino group content increased with the decrease of tensile strength, elongation, and weight. The damage by sodium hydroxide to the silk fibroin was greater than that by hydrochloric acid.

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