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Pectolinarigenin ameliorated airway inflammation and airway remodeling to exhibit antitussive effect

  • Quan He;Weihua Liu;Xiaomei Ma;Hongxiu Li;Weiqi Feng;Xuzhi Lu;Ying Li;Zi Chen
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.229-237
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    • 2024
  • Cough is a common symptom of several respiratory diseases. However, frequent coughing from acute to chronic often causes great pain to patients. It may turn into cough variant asthma, which seriously affects people's quality of life. For cough treatment, it is dominated by over-the-counter antitussive drugs, such as asmeton, but most currently available antitussive drugs have serious side effects. Thus, there is a great need for the development of new drugs with potent cough suppressant. BALB/c mice were used to construct mice model with cough to investigate the pharmacological effects of pectolinarigenin (PEC). Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining were used to assess lung injury and airway remodeling, and ELISA was used to assess the level of inflammatory factor release. In addition, inflammatory cell counts were measured to assess airway inflammation. Airway hyperresponsiveness assay was used to assess respiratory resistance in mice. Finally, we used Western blotting to explore the potential mechanisms of PEC. We found that PEC could alleviate lung tissue injury and reduce the release of inflammatory factors, inhibit of cough frequency and airway wall collagen deposition in mice model with cough. Meanwhile, PEC inhibited the Ras/ERK/c-Fos pathway to exhibit antitussive effect. Therefore, PEC may be a potential drug for cough suppression.

A Case Report of Vallecula Angioleiomyoma (후두개곡의 혈관평활근종 환자 예)

  • Ye Hwan Lee;Byung Jae Kang;Min Suk Kim;Hong Jin Kim;Soon Young Kwon;Kyung Ho Oh
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.19-22
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    • 2024
  • Angioleiomyoma is benign smooth muscle tumor originating from the vascular wall. While they can occur in various anatomical locations, they are rarely reported in the vallecula region of the oropharynx. We present a case of a 58-year-old female patient with a five-year history of progressive dysphagia and throat discomfort. Laryngoscopy revealed a large, soft, mobile mass located on the right side of the vallecula. Radiological imaging further characterized the lesion as a well-circumscribed, heterogeneous mass. Surgical intervention in the form of Transoral Videolaryngoscopic Surgery (TOVS) was performed, leading to the successful removal of the mass. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of angioleiomyoma.

A Case Report of Pontine Infarction as an Initial Manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Diagnostic Clues from MRI and Digital Subtraction Angiography (전신성 홍반성 루푸스의 초기 증상으로 나타난 교뇌경색의 증례 보고: 자기공명영상 및 디지털감산 혈관조영술에서의 진단 단서)

  • Mi Sun Chung;Jun Soo Byun;Younghee Yim
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.82 no.5
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    • pp.1281-1286
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    • 2021
  • Brainstem infarction due to vertebrobasilar insufficiency is a rare initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and small-vessel dissection as the direct cause of infarction has not been reported. We report the case of a 20-year-old female with acute infarction on the right side of the pons due to a small artery (pontine perforator) dissection, identified on digital subtraction angiography and high-resolution vessel wall MRI (vwMRI). She was diagnosed with SLE based on the presence of neurologic disorders and relevant laboratory findings. The pontine perforator-dissecting aneurysm had occluded and the right distal vertebral artery had resolved on subsequent vwMRI. She had a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 at discharge with mild symptom improvement, and exhibited no further aggravation of symptoms at 3 or 12 months, maintaining an mRS score of 1.

In-depth investigation of natural convection thermal characteristics of BALI experiment through Eulerian computational fluid dynamics code and comparison with Lagrangian code

  • Hyeongi Moon;Sohyun Park;Eungsoo Kim;Jae-Ho Jeong
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.56 no.1
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    • pp.9-18
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    • 2024
  • In-vessel retention through external reactor vessel cooling (IVR-ERVC) is a severe accident management (SAM) strategy that has been adopted and used in many nuclear reactors such as AP1000, APR1400, and light water reactor etc. Some reactor accidents have raised concerns about nuclear reactors among residents, leading to a decrease in residents' acceptability and many studies on SAM are being conducted. Experiments on IVR-ERVC are almost impossible due to its specificity, so fluid characteristics are analyzed through BALI experiments with similar condition. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) via Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and large eddy simulation (LES) for BALI experiments were performed. Steady-state CFD analysis was performed on three turbulence models, and SST k-ω model was in good agreement with the experimental measurement temperature within the maximum error range of 1.9%. LES CFD analysis was performed based on the RANS analysis results and it was confirmed that the temperature and wall heat flux for depth was consistent within an error range of 1.0% with BALI experiment. The LES CFD analysis results were compared with those of the Lagrangian-based solver. LES matched the temperature distribution better than SOPHIA, but SOPHIA calculated the position of boundary between stratified layer and convective layer more accurately. On the other hand, Lagrangian-based solver predicted several small eddy behaviors of the convective layer and LES predicted large vortex behavior. The vibration characteristics near the cooling part of the BALI experimental device were confirmed through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) investigation. It was found that the power spectral density for pressure at least 10 times higher near the side cooling than near the top cooling.

A Review of Clinical Studies about Bojungikgi-tang Combined with Surgical Therapy on Rectal Prolapse - Focusing on Randomized Controlled Trial (직장 탈출증에 대한 보중익기탕과 수술 치료 병용요법의 임상 연구 고찰 - 무작위 대조군 연구를 중심으로)

  • Kyung-hwan Kong;Do-hyeon Kim
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.59-65
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    • 2024
  • Rectal prolapse is a condition where the rectal wall protrudes outside the anus. While it is a rare condition, it can cause discomfort for patients due to the protrusion of the rectal structure, discharge of mucus and blood, fecal incontinence, constipation, and other inconveniences. In this review, we analyzed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) study that used the herbal medicine Bojungikgi-tang(Buzhongyiqi-tang) as a complementary therapy to improve the weaknesses and side effects of the standard treatment, surgical therapy, for rectal prolapse. The analysis included 12 RCT studies, and in all studies, the prescription involved the use of Astragali Radix at the highest dosage. Among the 11 studies that evaluated efficacy, 7 studies showed a significant effect compared to the control group. In all 3 studies that evaluating recurrence rates and all 5 studies investigating complications after surgery, the experimental group showed significant effects. Based on these findings, this study could be considered as a foundational evidence for the application of bojungikgi-tang(Buzhongyiqi-tang) in clinical practice in Korean medicine for patients with rectal prolapse. It could also serve as foundational data for future research.

An Essay of the Reinforcing Effect of BNNT and CNT: A Perspective on Interfacial Properties (BNNT와 CNT의 강화효과에 대한 복합재 계면물성 관점의 고찰)

  • Seunghwa Yang
    • Composites Research
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.155-161
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    • 2024
  • Boron nitride nanotubes and carbon nanotubes are the most representative one-dimensional nanostructures, and have received great attention as reinforcement for multifunctional composites for their excellent physical properties. The two nanotubes have similar excellent mechanical stiffness, strength, and heat conduction properties. Therefore, the reinforcing effect of these two nanotubes is greatly influenced by the properties of their interface with the polymer matrix. In this paper, recent comparative studies on the reinforcing effect of boron nitride nanotubes and carbon nanotubes through experimental pull-out test and in-silico simulation are summarized. In addition, the conflicting aspect of the two different nanotubes with structural defects in their side wall is discussed on the viscoelastic damping performance of nanocomposites.

Recurrent Uterine Cervical Carcinoma: Spectrum of Imaging Findings

  • Joon-Il Choi;Seung Hyup Kim;Chang Kyu Seong;Jung Suk Sim;Hak Jong Lee;Kyung-Hyun Do
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • v.1 no.4
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    • pp.198-207
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    • 2000
  • Uterine cervical carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors occurring in females. After primary treatment, patients are usually followed up with CT or MRI and the findings of these modalities may be the first sign of recurrent disease. Because earlier additional treatment by chemotherapy or radiation therapy may improve the prognosis, the early detection of recurrent cervical carcinoma is clinically important. In this article, we review the CT and MR imaging findings of recurrent uterine cervical carcinoma, and assign them to one of four groups: a) recurrence at the primary site, involving the intrapelvic organs, b) extension to the pelvic side-wall, c) metastases to pelvic and extrapelvic lymph nodes, or d) metastases to distant organs. A further contribution of CT and MR imaging is the detection of hydronephrosis due to ureteral obstruction. The cases in each group are illustrated and discussed, and since an awareness of the spectrum of imaging findings of recurrent cervical carcinoma is likely to lead to its early detection, radiologists should be familiar with the information presented.

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A Case of Surgical Treatment of Ganglion Performed at the Korean Medicine Department (한의과에서 시행한 결절종(Ganglion)의 수술적 치료 증례)

  • Eun-Na Heo;Su-Hyun Jeong;Dowon Gwak;Kang Kwon;Hyung-Sik Seo
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.91-96
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    • 2024
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report a case of Ganglion removed by surgical method at the Korean Medicine Department. Methods : A 39-year-old male with a recurrent ganglion cyst below the right tibial tuberosity underwent complete surgical excision after previous treatments failed. The procedure included local anesthesia with Bufonis Venenum pharmacopuncture solution, CO2 laser incision, irrigation with soyeom pharmacopuncture solution, and suture. Intaking 3 days of Yeonkyopaedok-san and wound management with herbal ointment was carried out for postoperative care. Results : The cyst was completely excised, including the cyst wall, without any complications or recurrence observed during the three-month follow-up. Postoperative ultrasonography confirmed the absence of the ganglion cyst, with no significant surgical side effects apart from mild skin pigmentation. Conclusions : Ganglion were surgically removed without any complications by using pharmacopuncture and oral herbal medicines that have anti-inflammatory effects. The successful management of this case supports the potential expansion of surgical procedures for various diseases in Korean medicine.

Studies on the digestive gland structures of domestic and experimental animals I. Glandular tubule structures in the cecum and colon of piglets (가축 및 실험동물 소화선의 구조에 관한 연구 I. 돼지 맹장 및 결장 장선의 구조에 관하여)

  • Kwak, Soo-dong;Lee, Soon-sun;Moon, Oun-gyeong
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 1990
  • The present study was focussed mainly on the morphological changes of the glandular tubules in the large intestine according to age of piglets. Samples were taken from large intesine of 1-, 10-, 20-, 35- and 45-day-old piglets, 2 to 3 piglets in each age group. The intestinal samples were fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution, dehydrated, and then paraffin sections were stained with H-E. The results observed were summarized as follows: 1. The mucosal glands in the cecum and colon tend to be unbranched simple straight tubular glands, or often two or more branched simple stright tubular glands. 2. The number of the longitudinal folds and the number of the crypts per cross section of piglet colons, respectively, were 1-day-old piglets-3.8±0.8, 92.1±6.9; 10-day-old piglets-7.1±1.1, 164.2±10.3; 20-day-old piglets-15.2±0.8, 178.5±6.8; 35-day-old piglets-19.3±3.0, 454.9±25.3; 45-day-old piglets-20.6±3.1, 524.6±37.2, and the regression equation between age and these two number were ^Y=0.40X+4.32 and ^Y=10.4X+51.52, respectively. 3. The length and cell number per single side wall of a glandular tubule in the colon section were 1-day-old piglets-196.3±7.1μm, 40.0±3.3; 10-day-old piglets-236.0±34.5μm, 47.9±5.3; 20-day-old piglets-262.8±39.6μm, 54.3±9.0; 35-day-old piglets-291.75±48.3μm, 56.9±4.9; 45-day-old piglets-364.8±61.5μm, 67.7±7.4, respectively, and the regression equation between age and these two data were ^Y=3.45X+193.8 and ^Y=0.56X+41.0, respectively. 4. The overall percentages of the cell number and length of glandular tubules in piglet colons were the pit and isthmus-75.3±11.1, 78.8±12.3; gland-24.7±5.4, 21.2±5.3, respectively. 5. The length and cell number of single side wall of glandular tubules in cecal sections were 1-day-old piglets-190.3±31.1μm, 37.6±4.8; 10-day-old piglets-235.6±25.3μm, 46.2±3.6; 20-day-old piglets-295.3±45.6μm, 52.0±6.2; 35-day-old piglets-351.3±28.3μm, 60.4±8.5; 45-day-old piglets-366.3±48.5μm, 64.7±8.2, respectively, and the regression equation between age and these two data were ^Y=4.11X+196.6 and ^Y=0.60X+38.9, respectively.

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Improvement of Net Structure and Operating System in Purse Seine Fishery for Gizzard-shad, Konosirus Punctatns(I) -Underwater Geometry and Behaviour of fish School to the Net - (전어 선망 어구 및 조업 시스템 개발(I) -어구의 수중 형상 및 전어 어군의 대망 행동-)

  • 장덕종;신형호;김동수;김진건
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.156-163
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    • 2002
  • In order to development the construction and dimension of fishing gear for gizzard shad coastal purse seine, first of all investigated to the sinking speed and underwater geometry of net, behaviour of fish school to the net during the fishing operation In the field. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Average sinking speed of net was 13cm/sec in bunt, 9.0cm/sec and 9.5cm/sec in 170m and 280m of center, 4.9cm/sec in end wing side, therefore was fastest in start of shooting and decreased gradually during the shooting process. 2. The most of leadline was reached in bottom from the shooting immediately to hauling time and the mean depth of timber bar used equipment for the escaping prevention of fish school was within the 2.7m. 3. The fish school of gizzard shad was appearanced higher density and remained to the most time in bottom than the surface and repeated to vortical movement, and its tendency to distinct in rapid time of tide current. 4. Behaviour of fish school in the net was showed to the vortical movement by sinking and rising immediately with the shooting of net and then divide with the two shape to follow round the wall of net and no patterns straightly movement in the net, and tendency easily catched in fish school of the wall of net. 5. Escaping of fish school in the gap of wing side was to busy after that seting the timber bar, therefore its function for escaping prevention of fish school was very lowed. 6. Escaping behaviour of fish school was differenced with the depth of fishing ground, the above 20m escaped to busy through the below in ledline because the sinking speed of fish school is fast than the net.