• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.99-118
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to evaluate tennis shoes's plantar pressure distribution in tennis prayers and to determine the influence of the shoe on various tennis movements. When investigating the biomechanics of movement in tennis, one of the first things to do is to understand the movement patterns of the sport, specifically how these patterns relate to different tennis shoes. Once these patterns are understood, footwear company can design tennis shoes that match the individual needs of tennis players. Plantar pressure measurement is widely employed to study foot function, the mechanical pathogenesis for foot disease and as a diagnostic and outcome measurement tool for many performance. Measurements were taken of plantar pressure distribution across the foot and using F-Scan(Tekscan Inc.) systems respectively. The F-Scan system for dynamic in-shoe foot pressure measurements has enabled us to assess quantitatively the efficacy of different types of footwear in reducing foot pressures. The Tekscan F-Scan system consists of a flexible, 0.18mm thick sole-shape having 1260 pressure sensors, the sensor insole was trimmed to fit the subjects' right, left shoes. For this study 4 university male, high level tennis players were instructed to hit alternated forehand stroke, backhand stroke, forehand volley, backhand volley, smash, service movement in 4 different tennis shoes. 1. When impact in tennis movement, peak pressure distribution of landing foot displayed D>C>B>A, A displayed the best low pressure distribution. A style's tennis shoes will suggest prayer with high impact. If prayer with high impact feeling during pray in tennis wear A style, it will decrease injury, will have performance improvement. 2. When impact in tennis movement, plantar pattern of pressure distribution in landing foot displayed B>A>C>D in stability performance. During tennis, prayer want to stability movement suggest B style tennis shoes when tennis movement impact keep stability of human body. B style tennis shoes give performance improvement 3. When impact in tennis movement, plantar pattern of center of force(C.O.F.)trajectory in landing foot analyzed this : 1) When stroke movement and volley movement in tennis, prayer better to rearfoot movement. 2) when service movement, prayer midfoot strike movement. 3) when smash movement, prayer have forefoot strike movement.

• 한국자연치유학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2022

개요: 새로 개발한 혹달린신발의 기능성에 대한 조사는 필수적이라 조사하였다. 목적: 본 연구는 혹달린신발을 착용하였을 때 체형이나 신체 균형이 어떻게 변화하는지를 탐구하는 것이 목적이었다. 방법: 9명의 대상자에게 혹달린신발을 신고 한 달간 다닌 후에 나타난 결과를 분석하였다. 결과: 혹달린신발은 깔창에는 다양한 작은 공기주머니를 만들어서 발바닥을 자극하여 신체 변화를 유도하였다. 특별히 발 아치 중앙부위에 크게 혹을 내외에 만들어서 발의 아치 부분을 자극하게 되어있었다. 혹달린신발을 신고 30일간 활용한 후에 혈당은 평균 31.1 mg이 저하 되었다. 저하 범위는 5~120 mg이었다. 1명은 혈색소가 7.5%에서 6.5% 가 감소하였다. 신체 균형도는 툭 치는(tap) 검사에서 맨발 상태에서 균형상태가 오른쪽으로 기우는 대상자는 7명, 왼쪽으로 기우는 대상자는 2명이었다. 그러나 혹달린신발을 신은 후의 검사에서는 모두 균형을 유지하였으며, 다리와 몸이 튼튼해진 느낌이라고 하였다. 혹달린신발을 신은 후의 착화감과 균형감은 모두가 안정적이라 하였고, 신은 후에 다리와 몸에 균형감이 높게 나타났다. 왼쪽이 짧은 대상자는 2명, 오른쪽이 짧은 대상자는 4명이었다. 상체 기울기 방지 지지대는 대상자에 따라서 다양했다. 발바닥의 균형이 전체적인 자세에 바로 영향이 있다고 본다. 발바닥 지문 평가에서는 발바닥 어깨선의 흐름이 고르지 못하였으나 호전되었다. 발허리 족궁 부위가 좁았던 것이 약간 넓어졌고, 발의 족저압력이 사후에는 고르게 분포되었고, 골반이 틀어지어 생긴 허리에 통증이 개선되었다고 평가한다. 결론: 혈당이 감소하였다. 그리고 변형되었던 체형이 혹달린신발이 족궁 부위를 받쳐 주면서 균형이 잡히어 원상태로 전환되었고, 이로 인해서 다리와 몸에 활력을 느낄 수가 있었다. 발바닥의 균형이 전체적인 자세에 바로 영향이 미친다는 것을 인지할 수 있었다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2005

An insole type local shear force measurement system was developed and local shear stresses in the foot were measured during level walking. The shear force transducer based on the magneto-resistive principle, was a rigid 3-layer circular disc. Sensor calibrations with a specially designed calibration device showed that it provided relatively linear sensor outputs. Shear transducers were mounted on the locations of four metatarsal heads and heel in the insole. Sensor outputs were amplified, decorded in the bluetooth transmission part and then transferred to PC. In order to evaluate the developed system, both shear and plantar pressure measurements, synchronized with the three-dimensional motion analysis system, were performed on twelve young healthy male subjects, walking at their comfortable speeds. The maximum peak pressure during gait was 5.00kPa/B.W at the heel. The time when large local shear stresses were acted correlated well with the time of fast COP movements. The anteroposterior shear was dominant near the COP trajectory, but the mediolateral shear was noted away from the COP trajectory. The vector sum of shear stresses revealed a strong correlation with COP movement velocity. The present study will be helpful to select the material and to design of foot orthoses and orthopedic shoes for diabetic neuropathy or Hansen disease.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 충격흡수 및 통기기능 인솔을 적용한 개발 전투화의 족저압력 및 온도변화를 연구하는데 있다. 남성 피험자 11명(age: $21.8{\pm}2.2yrs$, height: $174.3{\pm}3.6cm$, weight: $71.6{\pm}8.6kg$, foot length: $261.0{\pm}1.0mm$)을 대상으로 총 3종류 전투화의 족저압력 및 온도 변화를 비교하였다: 전투화 A(보급형 일반 전투화), 전투화 B(통기구가 적용된 개발 전투화), 전투화 C(전투화 B에 통기기능 및 충격흡수용 인솔 적용). 족저압력 측정을 위해 Pedar-X를 사용하였고, 전투화의 내부온도는 휴대용 써미스터의 온도센서를 사용하였다. 전투화의 종류별 족저압력 및 온도 변화결과를 비교하기 위해 일원변량분석(one-way ANOVA)을 실시한 결과, 첫째, 족저압력 변인에서, 기능성 인솔을 적용한 전투화 C가 전투화 A보다 오른발/왼발 후족부의 최대족저압력에서 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았으며, 전투화 C가 전투화 B보다 왼발 후족부의 평균족저압력에서 통계적으로 유의하게 낮은 압력을 나타내었다. 둘째, 내부온도에서 보행시작 후 40분경과 시점부터 개발 전투화인 B, C가 일반 전투화인 A보다 낮은 내부 온도를 보였다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2019

본 연구는 바닥에 치료용 깔창이 일체형으로 제작된 실내화를 이용한 유연성 편평족 환아의 착용 처치 전-후 임상 결과 및 영상의학 검사 결과에 대한 융합 연구이다. 유연성 편평족으로 진단받은 학령기 환아 35명에 대하여, 치료용 깔창이 일체형으로 제작된 실내화를 주중 5회 이상, 하루 4시간 이상 착용하게 하였다. 시행 전, 시행 후 제 4주째, 제 8주째, 영상의학 검사 및 FAOS 설문 조사를 시행하였고, 반복측정분산분석을 이용하여 통계 분석하였다. 임상 결과에서 FAOS 증상 항목과 통증 항목에서 통계적으로 유의한 향상이 관찰되었다. 영상의학 검사 결과에서 전후면 거골-제1중족각, 측면 거골-제1중족각, 거골-수평각이 호전되는 경향을 보이고 있었지만, 통계적 유의성은 찾을 수 없었다. 즉, 학령기 유연성 편평족 환아가 실내 생활 중 대부분의 시간 동안 치료용 깔창이 바닥에 일체형으로 제작된 실내화를 사용하는 것은 단기적으로 증상 완화 및 통증 경감에 효과가 있다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of two shoe size conditions on foot pressure, ground reaction force (GRF), and lower extremity muscle fatigue. Seven healthy men participated. They randomly performed walking and running in two different conditions: proper shoe size and 10 mm greater than proper shoe size. Peak foot pressure, and vertical, anterior and mediolateral force components were recorded with the Parotec system and Kisler force platform. To assess fatigue, the participants performed treadmill running for twenty-five minutes twice, each time wearing a different shoe size. Surface electromyography was used to confirm localized muscle fatigue using power spectral analysis of four muscles (tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis, rectus femoris, and biceps femoris). The results were as follows: 1) In walking conditions, there was a significantly higher peak pressure in the 10 mm greater than proper shoe size insole sensor 1, 2, 14, and 18 (p<.05). 2) In running conditions, there was a significantly higher peak pressure in the 10 mm greater than proper shoe size insole sensor 5, 14, and 15 (p<.05). 3) In walking conditions, there was a significantly higher first maximal vertical GRF in the 10 mm greater than proper shoe size (p<.05). 4) In running conditions, no GRF components were significantly different between each shoe size condition (p>.05). 5) Muscle fatigue indexes of the tibialis anterior and rectus femoris were significantly increased in the 10 mm greater than proper shoe size condition. These results indicate that wearing shoes that are too large could further exacerbate the problems of increased foot pressure, vertical GRF, and muscle fatigue.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권12호
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• pp.1810-1814
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• 2017

This paper develops an approach to the algorithm of Gait pattern Analysis and step measurement with Multi-Pressure Sensors. The process of gait consists of 8 steps including stance and swing phase. As 3 parts of foot is supporting most of human weight, multiple pressure sensors are attached on the parts of foot: forefoot, big toe, heel. As 3 parts of foot is supporting most of human weight, multiple pressure sensors are attached on the parts of foot: forefoot, big toe, heel. normal gait proceed from heel, forefoot and big toe over time. While normal gait proceeds, values of heel, forefoot and big toe can be changed over time. So Each values of pressure sensors over time could discriminate whether it is normal or abnormal gait. Measuring Device consists of non-inverting amplifiers and low pass filter. Through timetable of values, normal gait pattern can be analyzed, because of supported weight of foot. Also, the peak value of pressure can judge whether it is walking or running. While people are running, insole of shoes is floating in the air on moment. Using this algorithm, gait analysis and step count can be measured.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.184-192
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• 2020

본 연구는 척추측만증 수술에 대한 객관적이고 정량적인 효과 평가 수단으로서 스마트 깔창을 이용한 보행분석 방법(시계열 분석 포함)을 제시한다. 실험 참가자는 척추측만증 환자이며 스마트 깔창을 착용하고 3분 보행검사를 4번(수술전, 수술 후 8일, 16일, 204일), 6분 보행검사를 1번(수술 후 204일) 받았다. 깔창에는 8개의 압력센서, 가속도 및 각속도 센서가 있고, 각각의 측정값을 저장하여 환자의 수술 전후 보행특성(운동역학 및 시공간 변수)을 비교하였다. 분석결과 수술 후 환자의 모든 보행변수가 개선된 것을 알 수 있었고, 6개월 후 추적검사에서 환자의 보행이 더욱 안정된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 하지만 환자가 오래 걸으면 한쪽 다리의 swing 시간이 다른 쪽에 비해 미세하게 짧은 현상이 다시 나타났는데, 이는 검사를 수행하는 의사의 육안으로는 발견할 수 없는 preclinical한 문제였다. 우리는 이러한 분석 방법을 통해 환자의 개선 정도를 정량적이고 객관적으로 평가할 수 있었고, preclinical한 문제도 찾을 수 있었다. 향후 이러한 분석 방법은 특정 질병의 보행 패턴을 정의하고 감별하여 적절한 치료방법을 결정하는 연구로 이어질 것이다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2017

In this paper, four-bar linkage mechanism for the knee joint is developed which is used in prosthetics. But unlike the prosthetics, the feature of this mechanism is that the instantaneous center of rotation of the four-bar linkages can be moved behind the ground reaction force vector so that it can be passively supported without any external power. In addition, this mechanism is developed similar to the structure of the human knee joint for eliminating the sense of heterogeneity of the wearer. In order to design the mechanism with these two objectives, optimization design process is done using the PIAnO tool and detailed design is carried out through optimized variable values. The developed mechanism is attached to the robot which can assist the hip and ankle joints. In order to verify the operation of the developed knee mechanism, an insole type sensor was attached to the shoes to compare data values before and after wearing the robot. Result data showed that wearer wearing the exoskeleton robot with the knee mechanism was the same value regardless of whether the heavy tool is loaded or not.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.105-119
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• 2004

To enhance our understanding of the loads on the foot during treadmill running, we have used a pressure-sensitive insole system to determine pressure, rate of loading and impulse distributions on the plantar surface during treadmill running, both in minimally cushioned footwear and in cushioned shoes. This report includes pressure, rate of loading, impulse and contact time data from a study of ten subjects running on a treadmill at 4.0m/s. Among heel-toe runners, the highest peak pressures and highest rates of loading were observed under the centre of the heel and in the medial forefoot. The arch regions were only lightly loaded. Contact time was greater in the forefoot than in the heel. Two-thirds of the impulse recorded during the step was the result of forces applied through the forefoot, mostly in the region of the metatarsal heads. The distribution of loads in the shoe suggests that the load distributing properties of the cushioning system are most important in the centre of the heel, under the metatarsal heads and great toe. Shock attenuation is primarily required under the centre of the heel and to lesser extent under the metatarsal heads. Some energy dissipation may be desirable in the heel region because it causes shock to be absorbed with less force. All the 'propulsive' effort is applied through the forefoot. Therefore, this region should as resilient as possible.