• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.796-811
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• 2010

Research materials of Korean traditional shoes have so far been mainly literary explanations or plane pictures expressed on the basis of the explanations and photographs of incomplete forms of relics excavated and it makes us have difficulty in observing them visually and producing products with them by design application. This project is to establish database of literal data of Korean traditional shoes and visual data using 3D in order to make the foundation of developing culture industry contents using Korean traditional shoes. According to the initial research plan. first. it analyzed and arranged the Korean traditional shoes into period. sex and function as the research goals of the first year. categorized the form. composition. materials. patterns. and colors of traditional shoes and then database of the materials was performed with text. Second. visual image materials including forms. composition. materials. patterns. and colors of traditional shoes were established as database with scanner. digital camera and computer 2D. Results of such a database will be able to be used as important materials which can be the foundation of culture industry contents development of traditional shoes and be the materials for developing digital culture contents of traditional shoes and teaching Korean traditional culture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.1-14
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• 2015

This study is aims to study the background of how the shape of the wooden shoes developed and worn by Koreans and Japanese in the ancient times by sorting and examining the types and shapes. Relevant bibliography, which are mainly related to the excavated wooden shoes from 3 B.C.E to C.E. 8., were used as research materials. The formation of wooden shoes required easy access to raw materials -which is trees- for production. According to the analysis, both Korea and Japan made the flat wooden shoes using cuboid wood. Both countries bore a hole on a specific location to distinguish the right foot and left foot, however the style of the heel was different in the two countries. The slip-on(Undu-hyeong) wooden shoes were also common in both countries. The slip-on had no-heels and was made by digging-out a piece of the cuboid wood. Some slip-ons made by the Japanese had furrows on the bottom, and they were known to make different types of the slip-on wooden shoes depending on the purpose. Observation of the wearing methods show that commonality can be found between the wooden shoes of Korea and Japan, and this indicates that cultural exchanges between the Silla/Baekje and Japan took place from the 4th to the 6th century. Also, the flat wooden shoes in Japan developed rapidly, as the shoes became an integral part of its life and culture, which was closely tied to agriculture. Eventually, due to the difference in climate and life-style, the slip-ons became the primary type of wooden shoes in Korea, while the flats became the main type of wooden shoes in Japan. It is, however, clear that as the relationship between the two countries became closer, the cultural exchanges regarding the wooden shoes were considerable.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.17
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• pp.215-242
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• 2005

Although shoes industry in Korea is superior in global competition in terms of material, parts, and developmental ability, it has declined due to the lack of design in consideration of OEM production and marketing ability. Shoes industry in Korea has aimed at making inroad to North American market centered with the United States, but it has not focused on Europe market that much. However, as Europe transformed into EU, which is a large economic community, European market is being considered as a great potential for Korean shoes industry, which we can never neglect of. So far, there have been researches of marketing strategic methods to make inroad to the United States and South-East Asian markets, but there has been almost no marketing approach to European shoes market. Therefore, in this study I prepare strategic marketing plans for Korean shoes enterprises to make inroads to European markets, so that they can enter the market successfully, and this is the purpose of this study. In case that Korean shoes industry makes inroads to European market, there are important terms to examine. The strategic terms for consideration to examine are as follows. First, shoes companies such as Nike and Adidas are aware of India. Turkey, and Rumania as new footholds for production, as they have accounted continuous wage claim and labor dispute. Especially Turkey and Rumania are expected to have much competitive strength in price, as they are expected countries for joining EU. Second, we need to shift our understanding of the importance of design for European shoes market. We should pay close attention to the fact that the role of leading companies is to design. Third, Germany, England, and Italy have global-level of specialize institutions and organizations for shoes education and have been succeeded in knowledge industrialization. Fourth, we should consider that the concepts for shoes are changing from innovation in production to in products. Fifth, we should develop specialized concept centered in individualized categories. Sixth, we should open up new markets actively by connecting large shopping centers and multi-shops. Seventh, we should look for the opportunities to expand market through the utilization of BIFOS. Lastly, we should expand our support for opening up markets and participating fairs in foreign countries.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.171-183
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• 2012

This research attempted to examine whether there were differences in preference for the shoes according to fashion lifestyle and age by conducting survey on 200 women of 20s and 40s among the adult women who were expected to have interest in not only functionality but also aesthetic aspects of shoes. First, the results of comparing the preferences according to fashion lifestyles showed that those who pursued practical group preferred loafer, strap shoes, and baggy boots, indicating that they preferred low and comfortable shape of shoes which are easy to put on/take off and easy to coordinate with any clothes. Those who pursued personality group and ostentation group were more sensitive to fashion than practical group preferred high heel shoes, which could express their own personality, it would be great to have various designs by reflecting the trendy materials and details focusing on pumps, strap and walker boots which can express individuality and supplement the body shape and height as matching to the trendy clothes. Second, as women in 20s have tendency to show more preference of a certain trendy shoes shape than women in 40s, the shoes designs for 20s should focus on certain types of shoes preferred by them by varying materials and details, rather than having various designs. However, it would be great to show various designs for the shoes for 40s. Most of the 20s are the individual and complex fashion-seeking types while the 40s have the most of practical fashion-seeking type and the least of individual fashion-seeking type.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.93-104
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• 2017

This study is a basic study to develop shoe last design technology to enhance and revitalize the competitiveness of the handmade shoes. In-depth interviews were conducted with four manufacturers in Seongsu-dong to identify the production status and design technology of shoe lasts. The result of the research is as follows. Firstly, shoe lasts for adults are produced at intervals of 5mm between 245mm-285mm for men's shoes, and between 220-260mm for women's shoes. The production rate of women's shoes was high in the order of general type, boot type, and sandal type while men's shoes mainly produce general type. Secondly, the master last size and ball girth rating for men's and women's shoes were analyzed to EE-EEE grade at 260mm and D grade at 235mm. The length of the master last for men's shoes is 276-290mm, the heel width is 60-65mm, the ball width is 88-90mm, the ball girth is 250mm, and the waist girth is 248mm. The length of the master shoe last for women's shoes is 236-245 mm, the heel width is 50-55mm, the ball width is 78-80mm, the ball girth is 211~213mm, and the waist girth is 213~215mm. Thirdly, the last grading deviation is 5mm in length, the heel width is 0.5mm, the ball girth is 3.5mm, and the ball with is 1.2mm. The ball girth dimensions of Oxford type, slip-on type, and sneakers type are made at 250mm, 248mm, and 245mm for men's shoes. For women's shoes, the ball girth dimensions of pump type, loafer & boot type, and sandal type are made at 211~213mm, 214~215mm, and 211mm. Fourthly, t+he construction of the automation system is insufficient and almost completely depends on manual production.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.675-689
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• 2000

Rapid design and production techniques are indispensable for the custom-made production systems. For manufacturing custom-made shoes, the shoelast should be designed rapidly from the individual foot model. In this paper, we develop an integrated system for rapid design and manufacturing of custom-tailored shoes. The foot shape measurement sub-system allows scanning a standard shoelast and an individual foot and then extracts the three-dimensional crosssectional data of the shoelast and the human foot shape from the captured image data. The shoelast design sub-system uses the scanned data to design new customized shoelast curves or surfaces with the heeling and mixing algorithms built in this system. The pattern design subsystem provides a method, which transforms a shoe-upper surface designed by a stylist into a flat-pattern that can be manufactured. We also export the surface model to an NC machine to manufacture the physical shoelast model.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.13.2-18
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitude related to the purchasing and wearing dress shoes for Korean adult women. 480 adult women age from 18 to 86 years participated in the survey and they were recruited in Seoul and Taejeon. The results were as following; 1. The most common dress shoes sizes were 235 and 240. 2. The subjects age uder 30 years perceived that the fashion is mor important than the comfort when they purchase dress shoes. The suvjects age over 60 years preferred shoes design giving comfort than fashionably designed one. 3. The most frequent complainings with dress shoe design were narrow shoe width, the stiffness of material, and discomfortable sole shape. 4. The letter size designation of dress shoes was not fulled recognized by the consumers. The use of letter size designastion was extremely low when they purchased shoes that fit their foot.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sports shoes benefit pursuit on purchase reason, purchase evaluative criteria, and purchase information resource of high school girls. The data were collected between June 2016 from 287 high school girls in their's, living in Seoul, Daejeon, Gwangju, Daegu, Busan, and Changwon. The data have been analyzed by using SPSS program. The methods of factor analysis, reliability, and regression have been adopted for the data analysis. The results of this study were as followings: The factors of sports shoes benefit pursuits consisted of four dimensions of fashion-pursuit, brand-pursuit, convenience-pursuit, and economy-pursuit. The factors of purchase reasons consisted of three dimensions of syntony, recreation, and economic utility. The factors of purchase evaluative criteria consisted of three dimensions of management, aesthetic appreciation, and symbolism. The factors of purchase information resource consisted of two dimensions of media and human. Sports shoes benefit pursuits had an influence on purchase reasons, purchase evaluative criteria, and purchase information resources. In particular, the fashion-pursuit of Sports shoes benefit pursuits had a great influence on purchase reasons. The brand-pursuit of Sports shoes benefit pursuits had a great influence on purchase evaluative criteria and purchase information resources. It is highly expected that this study is used as the useful sources of sports Shoes industry.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.365-377
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• 2011

The dual purposes of this study were to investigate footwear worn by college students who have become spoilt for choice in apparel & shoes, and point out the problems of their shoe-wearing habbits. The survey was administered in October, 2010 to 600 college residents in Kwangju-Jeonnam area and the results are as follows. Firstly, the most frequently worn footware by males were sneakers, followed by dress shoes and oxford shoes. Females followed a similar trend with sneakers being the most frequently worn, followed by high heeled shoes, flat shoes, wedge high heeled shoes and chucker boots. Secondly, both male and female students thought that the most comfortable and favorable shoes for them were sneakers and the most uncomfortable ones were high-heeled shoes and sandals. They thought chucker boots were both fashionable and comfortable. Thirdly, the degree of unsatisfaction for shoes was relatively high and the influencing factors for unsatisfaction were uncomfortable soles, aches around the toes and a frontward leaning posture of the body, etc. Finally, 87% of the female subjects who had experience wearing high-heeled(over 7cm height) shoes showed a significant increase in foot disorders than those who had never worn high-heeled shoes. According to the results, it is necessary to educate proper selection and wearing of footwear in order to prevent foot disorders and maintain overall health of the body.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.975-987
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• 2008

The purpose of this thesis is to conduct a thorough research on shoes of 2000s, understand the changes and analyze the differences and the characteristics of the shoe designs of the past and present in order to predict and indicate the future direction of the women shoe designs. The shoes of the millennium not only kept the old fashioned shapes but also showed futuristic shapes. With the increasing importance of shoes in fashion, shoes with various images were created. As far as the materials are concerned, natural materials and artificial materials were both used. The colors were vivid and the futuristic colors. On the other hand, pastel toned colors and romantic colors were used in many different designs and shapes regardlees of the seasons. Straps and hills differed from the oldies. Heavy decorations were added to strap shoes to form a whole new design and hills show geometrical platforms or the avantgarde like heights. Feminine images overwhelmed the shoe designs of the millennium. To elaborate, Pumps displayed feminine images the most for it showed a high frequency number regardless of the seasons. Shoes are presented in aesthetical perspective rather then functional or practical perspectives that are based on human nature. Cultural, social, environmental and some part religious factors had a great influence on the evolution on the shoes. Especially in the 2000s, future oriented concepts were implemented on shoe designs, resulting a wider range of expressiveness and in the end leading to a more creative shoe designing. Changes in shoe designs could be pointed out in many ways according to the shapes materials, colors, modeling of decorations or also with the diverting trends.