• Title/Summary/Keyword: ship collision avoidance

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A Study on the Threshold of Avoidance Time in the New Evaluation of Collision Risk

  • Jeong, Tae-Gweon
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.619-624
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    • 2003
  • Evaluating the risk of collision quantitatively plays a key role in developing the expert system of navigation and collision avoidance. This study analysed thoroughly how to determine the threshold function related to the avoidance time as described in the new evaluation of collision risk using sech function, and developed the appropriate equation as applicable.

Effect of Turning Characteristics of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships on Collision Avoidance (자율운항선박의 선회특성이 충돌회피에 미치는 영향)

  • Yim, Jeong-Bin
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.45 no.6
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    • pp.298-305
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    • 2021
  • Identifying the effect of turning characteristics on collision avoidance for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) can provide a key to avoid the collision of MASS. The purpose of this study was to derive a method to identify the effect of turning characteristics, which can be changed by various rudder angles and the ship's speed, on collision avoidance. The turning circle was observed using a mathematical model of a 161-meter-long ship, and it was analyzed that the turning circle had an effect on collision avoidance through numerical simulations of collision avoidance for four collision situations of two ships. The evaluation results using the two variables, the minimum relative distance between two ships and the minimum time at the minimum relative distance, demonstrated that the rudder angle has a major influence on the change of the minimum relative distance, and the ship's speed has a major influence on the change of the minimum time. The evaluation method proposed in this study was expected to be applicable to collision avoidance as a measures in remote control of MASS.

A Study on the Application of Variable Safe-Guard Ring for the Ship Collision Avoidance in Shallow Water (천수역에서 충돌회피를 위한 가변안전경계영역 적용에 관한 연구)

  • Yang, Hyoung-Seon;Ahn, Young-Sup
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.157-162
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    • 2008
  • The ship's maneuverability is the important factor to avoid ship's collisions. The ship's maneuverability is usually measured in a deep water, and the turning ability is decreased and the course stability is improved in a shallow water. The variation of the turning ability could cause the risk of collision. In this paper, we proposes application technique of Variable Safe-Guard Ring to consider the shallow water effect and to be simple to estimate the grade of collision risk simultaneously. Through the mathematical simulation, the availability of new method was varified. Therefore this method is expected enough to support a maneuver for collision avoidance.

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A Study on Mariners' Standard Behavior for Collision Avoidance (3) - Modeling of the execution process of an avoiding action based on human factors -

  • Park, Jung-Sun;Kobayashi, Hiroaki;Yea, Byeong-Deok
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.279-285
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    • 2008
  • We have proposed modeling methods of mariners' standard behavior for collision avoidance by analyzing mariners' recognition process in a previous study. As a subsequent study, the aim of this study is to build a model of mariners' execution process which is one of six processes in the condition of collision avoidance. In this study, thus, the structure of mariners' information processing on the process of taking avoiding actions is described and the relation between mariners' behavior and necessary factors in the process is analyzed. And then we have built a model of mariners' standard behavior for execution process based on the characteristics of mariners in ship-handling, which are obtained from the international collaborative research on human factors. It is tried to define the contents of execution process based on the standard behavior of mariners for collision avoidance and to formulate information processing of mariners.

A Study on Development of Expert System for Collision Avoidance and Navigation(I): Basic Design

  • Jeong, Tae-Gwoen;Chen, Chao
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.32 no.7
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    • pp.529-535
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    • 2008
  • As a method to reduce collision accidents of ships at sea, this paper suggests an expert system for collision avoidance and navigation (hereafter "ESCAN"). The ESCAN is designed and developed by using the theory and technology of expert system and based on the information provided by AIS and RADAR/ARPA system. In this paper the ESCAN is composed of four(4) components; Facts/Data Base in charge of preserving data from navigational equipment, Knowledge Base storing production rules of the ESCAN, Inference Engine deciding which rules are satisfied by facts or objects, User System Interface for communication between users and ESCAN. The ESCAN has the function of real--time analysis and judgment of various encountering situations between own ship and targets, and is to provide navigators with appropriate plans of collision avoidance and additional advice and recommendation This paper, as a basic study, is to introduce the basic design and function of ESCAN.

A Study on Collision Avoidance Action in the Situation of Encountering Multiple Ships by the Reserve Officer

  • Park, Deuk-Jin;Yim, Jeong-Bin;Yang, Hyeong-Sun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.346-351
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    • 2018
  • The proportion of collision in the total marine accidents is high. The main causes of collisions are navigation rule violation, safety speed violation, neglected watch-keeping and improper collision avoidance action. There are two main ways of avoiding collision situations during maritime navigation: the method of altering course and reducing ship's speed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the result of the collision avoidance action of the reserve officer in case of encountering a multiple number of ships using the ship handling simulator. Full-mission ship handling simulator was used to experiment the situation scenarios that encountered multiple ships. After the experiment, the questionnaire about the experiment was investigated. A total of 50 subjects were participated in the experiment. Experimental results showed that the number of the experimenters who used the engine was 11 and the number of the experimenters who did not use the engine was 39. In the case of using the engine, there were 0 collision accident, 1 grounding accident, and 10 no accidents. However, when the engine was not used, there were 28 collision accidents, 2 grounding accidents, and 9 no accidents. The causes of these results can be found in the survey results. 74 % of the non used engine participants said they were hesitate to use the engine. As can be seen from these results, the reserve officer are hesitant to use the engine and need a way to get correct of it. Maritime course subject can emphasize the importance of using ship's engines and case study also can be it. So, It is considered that various case study scenario will need to developed by various tools in the future.

Automatic Ship Collision Avoidance Algorithm based on Probabilistic Velocity Obstacle with Consideration of COLREGs (국제해상충돌예방규칙을 고려한 확률적 속도 장애물 기반의 선박 충돌회피 알고리즘)

  • Cho, Yonghoon;Han, Jungwook;Kim, Jinwhan;Lee, Philyeob
    • Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • v.56 no.1
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    • pp.75-81
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    • 2019
  • This study presents an automatic collision avoidance algorithm for autonomous navigation of unmanned surface vessels. The performance of the collision avoidance algorithm is heavily dependent on the estimation quality of the course and speed of traffic ships because collision avoidance maneuvers should be determined based on the predicted motions of the traffic ships and their trajectory uncertainties. In this study, the collision avoidance algorithm is implemented based on the Probabilistic Velocity Obstacle (PVO) approach considering the maritime collision regulations (COLREGs). In order to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm, an extensive set of simulations was conducted and the results are discussed.

Event-Triggered NMPC-Based Ship Collision Avoidance Algorithm Considering COLREGs (국제해상충돌예방규칙을 고려한 Event Triggered NMPC 기반의 선박 충돌 회피 알고리즘)

  • Yeongu Bae;Jaeha Choi;Jeonghong Park;Miniu Kang;Hyejin Kim;Wonkeun Yoon
    • Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • v.60 no.3
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    • pp.155-164
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    • 2023
  • About 75% of vessel collision accidents are caused by human error, which causes enormous economic loss, environmental pollution, and human casualties, thus research on automatic collision avoidance of vessels is being actively conducted. In addition, vessels must comply with the COLREGs rules stipulated by IMO when performing collision avoidance with other vessels in motion. In this study, the collision risk was calculated by estimating the position and velocity of other vessels through the Probabilistic Data Association Filter (PDAF) algorithm based on RADAR sensor data. When a collision risk is detected, we propose an event-triggered Nonlinear Model Predict Control (NMPC) algorithm that geometrically creates waypoints that satisfy COLREGs and follows them. To verify the proposed algorithm, simulations through MATLAB are performed.

A Novel Collision Avoidance System to Prevent Navigator's Human Error - Development Concepts - (해기사 인적오류 예방이 가능한 새포운 선박충돌회피 시스템 개발 개념)

  • Yim, Jeong-Bin
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2019.11a
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    • pp.264-264
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this paper is to establish development concepts for a novel collision avoidance system with preventing function of navigator's human error (Hu-CAS) in ship control behaviors. Hu-CAS consists of four modules: 1) collision risk assessment module to estimate collision priority between the ship and objects, 2) decision-making module to decide collision risk levels, 3) parameter estimation module needed in the ship control to avoid collisions and 4) control system to control the rudder angle and speed. Hu-CAS, proposed in this paper, can provide a novel system substitution current Autopilot and/or a CAS be teen manned vessel and Autonomous ship in a future.

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