• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제57권2호
• /
• pp.105-115
• /
• 2018

가루깍지벌레(Pseudococcus comstocki)는 전 세계적으로 배를 포함한 과수와 작물에 피해를 주는 해충으로 성페로몬을 이용하여 가루깍지벌레를 방제하기 위하여 가루깍지벌레 수컷의 온도별 발육과 교미비행 및 비행에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 방제에 적용하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 가루깍지벌레의 온도별 발육기간은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 알이 산란 및 부화되지 않았고, $25^{\circ}C$까지 발육기간이 짧아지다가 $30^{\circ}C$에서 다시 늘어났다. 산란수는 $25^{\circ}C$에서 평균 482개로 나타났으며, 성비는 $15^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$에서 50%에 육박하였지만 $30^{\circ}C$에서 수컷의 성비가 37%였다. 비행패턴은 오전에 비행이 많았고 그 중에서도 해가 뜨고 난 직후 2시간 이내에 가장 많았다. 광주기가 달라지더라도 해가 뜨고 난 후 4시간 사이에 비행하는 개체가 많았다. 암조건만에서 암수를 사육하는 경우에도 비행이 일어났다. 상승 바람의 풍속에 따른 가루깍지벌레 수컷의 비행을 조사한 결과, 0.5 m거리 일 경우 1.5 mph 이상에서는 비행을 하지 못하였다. 배원에서 수컷의 비행은 2 m 이상에서는 채집되는 개체가 거의 없었고 1.5 m에서 가장 많은 수가 포획되어 트랩을 설치하는 높이로 가장 적합하다고 판단된다. 수컷 방사지점과 트랩 사이의 비행가능 거리를 보면, 0.5 m, 1 m, 5 m까지는 트랩에 잡히는 수가 많았고 10 m, 15 m, 20 m에서 적었다. 다만, 50 m까지도 채집되는 것으로 보아 성페로몬 트랩을 이용하여 50 m이상 떨어져 있는 수컷도 유인할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.1-24
• /
• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 사회적 가치와 생명윤리에 관한 의사결정의 관계를 검증하는데 있다. 연구 1에서는 한국 대학생들의 사회적 가치를 조사하였다. 대학생들이 성취의 가치를 선호할수록 배려의 가치를 선호하는 정도가 낮아서, 성취의 가치가 배려의 가치와 부적 상관관계에 있었다. 연구 2에서는 문장완성과제를 통해 성취/배려의 가치를 활성화시킨 조건에 따라 생명윤리에 관한 의사결정에서 차이가 나타나는지를 비교하였다. 그 결과, 성취/배려의 점화에 관계없이 동물실험, 안락사 및 장기이식의 활성화에 대해 전반적으로 동의하는 공리주의적 결정이 나타났다. 이에 비해 태아성감별과 인간복제연구에 관해서는 성취조건과 배려조건에서 모두 동의정도가 상대적으로 낮았다. 연구 3에서는 성취/배려의 가치를 활성화시킨 조건에서 단어완성과제를 통해 참가자들의 암묵적 가치 선호를 측정한 후, 생명윤리에 대한 의사결정이 달라지는지를 분석하였다. 그 결과 배려점화조건에서 배려의 가치를 암묵적으로 더 선호하는 참가자일수록 동물실험 및 장기이식의 활성화에 더 반대하는 경향이 나타났다. 반면, 태아 성감별과 인간복제연구에 대한 의사결정에서는 조건에 관계없이 전반적으로 반대하는 경향이 많이 나타나서. 실험상황에서 유도된 사회적 가치와 참가자 개인이 암묵적으로 선호하는 가치의 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 이 결과는 한 개인이 암묵적으로 선호하는 사회적 가치와 외부상황에서 부각되는 가치가 생명윤리에 관한 의사결정에 차별화된 영향을 줄 가능성을 시사한다. 논의에서는 사회적 가치와 윤리적 의사결정의 관계를 토론하고, 연구의 한계 및 후속연구의 방향을 다루었다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.163-180
• /
• 1978

Much of a person's energy is spent in the effort of becoming a productive member of to-day's complex society. This activity may cause tension, and chronic unrelieved tension is an influential factor in blood pressure elevation. The problem of this study was to identify manifest needs and self-actualization of patients with essential hypertension, and to analyse and compare their manifest needs and selt-actualization with the selected general characteristics of We, sex, religion, occupation and level of education with a control group of patients with normal blood pressure readings. The purpose was to contribute to the planning of nursing interventions toward reducing the impact of complex psycho-somatic factors on the anxiety of patients with essential hypertension. The instruments used included selected items from the Edwards (1959) Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) as adapted by Hwang (1965) and from the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) (Shostrom 1964, 1974) adapted by Kim and Lee (1977) to measure manifest needs and self-actualization. The convenience sample was chosen from 149 persons who presented themselves for general physical examinations at Ewha University Medical Centre and 41 patients diagnosed with essential hypertension at three general hospitals in Seoul during June 1 and August 31, 1977. Forty-nine persons from the Ewha group with blood-pressure readings exceeding 150/90 were added to the experimental group. Data were analysed by the S.P.S.S. computer programme using t-test and tests for statistical significance. Statistically significant findings were as follows: A. Blood Pressure and Manifest Needs. 1. with the exception of Autonomy, patients with hypertension had significantly high scores on all variables Abasement, Achievement, Affiliation, Aggression, Dominance, Emotionality, Exhibitionism and Sex. 2. When mean scores of normal persons were compared by age groups, normal persons had higher scores in the following order on Abasement (50's, 40's, 20's, 30's), Achievement (50's, 30's, 40's, 20's), Affiliation (50's, 40's, 30's, 20's), Dominance (50's, 40's, 40's, 20's) and Exhibitionism (30's, 50's, 40's, 20's). In each case, there was a significant difference between the first and last age group scores. 3. When the mean scores of normal persons were compared by sex, normal men had higher scores than women on Achievement, Affiliation, Aggression, Dominance, Exhibitionism and Sex. Male patients had higher scores than female patients on Achievement, Dominance, Exhibitionism and Sex, but female patients scored higher in Emotionality. 4. Normal persons had higher scores related to religion in the following order on Achievement (Buddhism, no religion, Christianity). Hyper tensive patients had higher scores on. Exhibitionism (no religion, Christianity, Buddhism). 5. Normal persons had higher scores related to occupation in the following order on Achievement and Exhibitionism (unemployed, office workers, teachless, businessmen), Emotionality (office workers, unemployed, businessmen, teacher) and Sex (office workers, unemployed, teachers, businessmen). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on Achievement and Aggression (teachers, businessmen, office worker, unemployed), Dominance and Exhibitionism (businessmen, teacher, of ace workers, unemployed) and Sex (teachers, office worker, businessmen, unemployed). 6. Normal persons had higher scores related to level of edification in the following order on Abasement, Emotionality and Autonomy (secondary school graduation, university). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on Abasement (no education, primary, university, secondary), Achievement (no education, secondary, university, primary) , Dominance (university, no education, secondary, primary), Exhibitionism (university, secondary, no education, primary), and Sex (university, secondary, primary, no education). B. Blood Pressure and Self_Actualization 1, Patients with hypertension had significantly lower scores on all variables. 2. Normal persons had higher scores related to age groups in the following order on Existentiality (20's, 30's, 40's, 50's). Hypertensive patients showed no significantly different scores. 3. Normal women had higher scores than men on Time Competence. Normal men had higher scores on Feeling Reactivity. Male patients had higher scores than women on Self-Actualizing Value and Self-Regard. 4. Normal persons ha 1 higher scores related to religion on spontaneity (Buddhism, no religion, Christianity). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on Time Competence and Nature of Man (Buddhism, Christianity, no religion). 5. Normal persons had higher scores related to occupation in the following order on Existentiality (teachers, office workers, businessmen, unemployed) and Self-Regard (unemployed, office workers, teachers, businessmen). Hypertensive patients showed no significantly different scores. 6. Normal persons had higher scores related to level of education in the following order on Existentiality and Self-Acceptance (university, secondary). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on inner-Director (university, secondary, no education, primary) and Existentiality (university, secondary, primary, no education). Recommendations for nursing interventions with hypertensive patients with emotional problems or low self-actualization were made. 1. The nurse should encourage the patient through her interactions with other members of the medical team to accept counselling and health education. 2. Through her therapeutic interpersonal relationships with the patient, the nurse should help him discover the causes of his emotional tension. 3. Through her health teaching with the family, the nurse should encourage them to participate with the medical team in the patient's therapeutic plan and in providing him with the minimum possible emotional support. 4. Through frequent counselling with the obsessive-thinking and inflexible patient, the nurse should reevaluate the patient's behaviour and her interventions. 5. Seriously ill patients should be given needed reeducation by members of the professional medical team.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제18권3호통권47호
• /
• pp.129-146
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigation the variables that affected the generational transmission of household work form mothers to their married daughter. The subjects were 415 married daughters and their mothers living in Seoul and metropolitan areas. Statistical techniques used for this study included descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows : First, married daughters; value of household work was significantly affected by total periods of marriage of daughters, daughter's perceived similarity to their mothers' household work. Second, married daughters' preference for household work was significantly affected by mother's occupation (managerialㆍprofessional), mother's perceived similarity, daughter's experience of living with mother-in-law, daughter's sex-role attitude, and daughter's perceived similarity. Third, married daughters' ability to do household work was significantly affected by total periods of marriage for mothers, mother's perceived similarity, and daughter's perceived similarity. Fourth, married daughters' standard of household work was significantly affected by mother's perceived similarity, daughter's occupation (techniciansㆍclerk), daughter's monthly income, and daughter's perceived similarity. Fifth, married daughters' usage level of home equipments was significantly affected by mother's birth order, mother's education, mother's occupation (managerialㆍprofessional), daughter's birth order, daughter's education, and daughter's monthly income. Sixth, Mother related variables had greater power than daughter related ones in explaining daughters' values and preference for household work value and preferences and usage of home equipments. In conclusion, married daughter's consciousness and performance of household work were significantly influenced by their mothers. It was especially so in daughter's usage level of hoe equipments. Accordingly, the results of this study support the existence of generational transmission of household work from mothers to their married daughters with regard to its consciousness and performance. Findings of this study have implications for counsellors, practitioners and educators.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.3-13
• /
• 2010

The Tsushima leopard cat, Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, a small felid, inhabits only the Tsushima Islands in Japan. Previous studies of the Tsushima leopard cat revealed that natural factors; including sex, reproductive activity, season, and prey distribution and abundance affect leopard cat home range variation and habitat use. In this study, we focused on clarifying how anthropogenic factors influenced home range variation and habitat use of a male Tsushima leopard cat living near a suburban area in January, March, May and September 2005 using radio-tracking. The home range size (100% MCP) of this cat was $0.78\;{\pm}\;0.26\;km^2$ (mean ${\pm}$ SD, n = 4 tracking sessions) across the whole study period. However, the cat did not use all parts of its home range uniformly; rather it used some habitat types selectively. The cat avoided agriculture areas and residential areas in all of the tracking-sessions. On the other hand, the cat showed a weak preference for artificial structures and a strong preference for baiting sites in January and March, while it avoided them in May, and no baiting site was included in its home range in September. These results suggest that anthropogenic factors influenced the ranging patterns and habitat use of the leopard cat living near a suburban area. Artificial structures might provided good resting spaces for the cat in bad weather. When the density of its main prey was low in the winter, the cat tended to rely on artificial prey and had a small home range size.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to present controversial point and reform measurements by analysing factors haying important effect on selection of upper gastrointestinal study in total health promotion. We examined 200 persons for this study, who visited for upper gastrointestinal study from January to February in 1999. We classified this group into Endoscopy, Upper gastrointestinal series, and sleeping endoscopy. We also investigated standard of satisfaction and factors having effect on selection of each study. As a results, in the motive of selection, Item of 'making accurate observation' and 'without pain' was 39.3% and 34.7%, respectively. In this study, sleeping endoscopy was 45.7%, but on the other side upper gastrointestinal series was low 22.6%(P<0.05). In the standard of preference of study, the man was 55.7% in the endoscopy, and the woman was 61.8% in the upper gastrointestinal series(P<0.05). The standard of preference of upper gastrointestinal series show that it was satisfied on the whole irrespective of sex, dwelling place, age, occupation, and level of education. In the selection of study, one's own will was showed the highest frequency, and family inducement was showed second(P<0.05). Persons over 60% were examined before the same study. Selection of upper gastrointestinal series was 47.9% of person with normal findings, and endoscopy and sleeping endoscopy was over 70% with gastritis, gastric and duodenal(P<0.01). For one's accurate selection of examination, it is important that objective and credible information should be given to a recipient for examination.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.245-252
• /
• 1991

For the purpose of evaluation of clinical characteristics and histopathological properties in mediastinal tumors and cysts, 50 patients with mediastinal tumors and cysts treated at the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in Chosun University Hospital during the period from January, 1978 to Mach, 1990 were reviewed. The results of this cases analysis were as follows; 1. of all 50 mediastinal tumors and cysts, 27 patients were male and 23 patients were female. There was no sex preference. The age distribution was from 10 months to 84 years, and mean age was 37 years old, and no age preference. 2. Subjective symptoms were as follows : Dyspnea[54%], Chest pain[44%], Coughing [34%] Fever[16%] and General malaise[12%]. Objective signs were as follows: Decreased breathing sound[46%], Pleural effusion and hemothorax[32%], Palpable neck mass[24%] and SVC syndrome[14%]. But, there were no definitive symptoms in 5 cases[10%]. 3. The most frequently encountered tumors were teratodermoid tumors[26%] followed by lymphomas[22%], thymomas[12%] and benign cysts[8%] in decreasing order of frequency. 4. Based on the subdivision of the mediastinum, 44% of the tumors were in the anterior mediastinum, 24% in the middle mediastinum, 18% in the superior mediastinum and 14% in the posterior mediastinum. 5. The malignant tumors were 25 cases[50%]. 6. The successful removal was possible in all the benign mediastinal tumors and cysts. In malignant cases, the surgical removal had been 12 cases and inoperable cases were treated to radiation and chemotherapy. 7. Postoperative complications were bleeding, wound infection, pneumothorax and vocal cord paralysis. The recurrence was 3 cases. 8. The most frequent mediastinal tumor in the west is neurogenic tumor but is teratoma in Korea.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.27-38
• /
• 1984

The Family Planning Project as a birthcontrol policy has been enthusiastically carried out by the government since 1962. But gradually it get less enthusiastic. Therefore, it is required to establish a more comprehensive and systematic plan and to carry out it thoroughly. And it is needless to say that people's knowledge about family planning, their attitudes and their practice should be concretly comprehended. Taking these things into consideration, this study surveys the general situation on family planning among 237 married women of less than 34 years in Guro 6-dong, one of target areas for Korea University Health Project from Sep. 17, 1984 to Oct. 13, 1984. The results are as follows; 1) Most of the subjects (62.8%) want 2 children and 13.6% want one child. But son-preference consciousness is remarkably revealed among them, which is thought to cause social inequality between man and woman. Therefore, it needs to change the traditional son-preference convention, for equality of all men regardless of sex. 2) The rate of induced abortion experience by person is 61.6% and the average frequency is 1.4. Almost all the induced abortion are carried out at clinics and hospitals during 2~3 months after conception. To prevent these unnecessary conception and induced abortion in view of maternal health, ethics and economics, proper contraceptive measures should be emphasized. 3) Temporary contraceptives should be sold more widely in the basis of free trade in order to practice the intensive and comprehensive family planning because the degree which Health Center has been utilized for buying temporary contraceptives is low. 4) There are serious problems such as the side effects and the lack of follow up care in permanent contraceptives. Those lower the practice rate of permanent contraception. Therefore it is necessary to improve the quality of permanent contraception practice and strengthen the follow-up care.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.119-128
• /
• 1998

On account of the recent improvement in performance of brown layers, the market share taken by brown layers has increased to about 50% in the world and to almost 100% in Korea. There are several other reasons why the industry has moved from white to brown, such as : brown layers are used to be more robust, more docile and easier to manage ; e brown layers are easier to sex at the hatchery ; brown layers lay less second grade eggs, due to a better shell Quality ; brown eggs seem to be more attractive than white ; and a clear consumer preference, thus a better price per egg. More recently, however, the trend towards brown eggs has been slowing down. The main reasons for this lie in that white layers can still produce an egg at a lower cost and that white eggs have better de-shelling properties, easier candling and higher yolk and solid content of the liquid egg which are benefits for egg processing industry. Although the performance of the brown layers is still improving, there are increasing opinions in the poultry industry that the market portion of white layers should be increased based on the following reasons, such as : shell color has no effect on the nutritive value of eggs ; . brown layers consume more feed ; the percentage of meat spots is significantly higher in brown eggs than in white eggs ; . brown layers are less efficient in the second cycle of production than in the first ; white layers are more resistant to the disease of fowl typhoid. In order to increase the market share of white layers in Korea, it may be needed to enlighten the consumers not to prefer the brown and large eggs and to inform the excellencies of white eggs widely.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제40권6호
• /
• pp.461-466
• /
• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of sterilization in South Korea. Methods : This study was based on the data from the Korea National Fertility Survey carried out in the year 2000 by the Korea Institute of Health and Social Affairs. The subjects of the analysis were 4,604 women and their husbands who were in their first marriage, in the age group of 15-49 years. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results : Consistent with the findings of previous studies, the woman#s age and the number of total children increased the likelihood of sterilization. In addition, the year of marriage had a strong positive association with sterilization. Interestingly, the number of surviving sons tended to increase the likelihood of sterilization, whereas the woman#s education level and age at the time of marriage showed a negative association with sterilization. Religion, place of residence, son preference, and the husband#s education level, age and type of occupation were not significant determinants of sterilization. Conclusions : The sex of previous children and lower level of education are distinct determinants of sterilization among women in South Korea. More studies are needed in order to determine the associations between sterilization rate and decreased fertility.