• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.157-173
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• 1992

The purposes of study were to investigate the prenatal psychological adaptation and the perception of birth experience, and to identify the relationship between them. The subjects consisted of 162 women who visited the obstetrical outpatient clinic for prenatal examinations and who delivered the in babies at SNUH during the period from June 20 to August 10, 1990. The tools used for measurement were Lederman's Prenatal Self Evaluation Questionnaire and Marut & Mercer's scale of the Perception of Birth. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The orders and item means of psychosocial adaptation in pregnancy were the Acceptance of pregnancy(1.58). Identification of motherhood role(1.63). Relationship with husband(1.65) and Relationship with mother(1.67). The preparation for labor, concern for wellbeing of self and baby, and fear of pain, helplessness and loss of control were found to be less adaptive. 2. The level of the perception of the birth experience was mid-range(item mean : 3.22). The score of the perception of birth experience for primiparas was higher than for multiparas. However there was not a significant difference the groups. There were significant differences in the perception of the birth experience between certain general characteristics, namely, sex of the baby(p＜0.05), type of delivery(p＜0.005), and type of anesthesia(p＜0.005). 3. There were significant differences in the perception of the birth experience between the groups below the mean and above the mean of concerti for wellbeing of self and baby, Fear of pain, Helplessness and loss of control, Relationship with husband and Identification of motherhood role (p＜0.05). The perception of the birth experience was predicted by Fear of pain, Helplessness and loss of control (11%), Type of Delivery(6%), Concern for wellbeing of self and baby(3%), Preparation for labor(1%), sex of baby(1%), Relationship with mother(1%), Parity(1%) and Identification of motherhood role(1%). The Childbirth education should be revised to improve the psychosocial adaptation in pregnancy.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.501-510
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• 2007

Sex-related genes expressed in vitellogenic ovaries of the giant tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, were identified by an EST approach. A total of 1051 clones were unidirectionally sequenced from the 5 terminus. Nucleotide sequences of 743 EST (70.7%) significantly matched known genes previously deposited in the GenBank (E-value <$10^{-4}$) whereas 308 ESTs (29.3%) were regarded as newly unidentified transcripts (E-value >$10^{-4}$). A total of 559 transcripts (87 contigs and 472 singletons) were obtained. Thrombospondin (TSP) and peritrophin (79 and 87 clones accounting for 7.5 and 8.3% of clones sequenced, respectively) predominated among characterized transcripts. everal full length transcripts (e.g. cyclophilin, profillin and thioredoxin peroxidase) were also isolated. A gene homologue encoding chromobox protein (PMCBX, ORF of 567 nucleotides encoding a protein of 188 amino acids) which is recognized as a new member of the HP1 family was identified. Expression patterns of 14 of 25 sex-related gene homologues in ovaries and testes of P. monodon broodstock were examined by RT-PCR. Female sterile and ovarian lipoprotein receptor homologues were only expressed in ovaries whereas the remaining transcripts except disulfide isomerase related P5 precursor and adenine nucleotide translocator 2 were higher expressed in ovaries than testes of P. monodon broodstock. A homologue of ubiquitin specific proteinase 9, X chromosome (Usp9X) revealed a preferential expression level in ovaries than testes of broodstock-sized P. monodon (N = 13 and 11, P<0.05) but was only expressed in ovaries of 4-month-old shrimp (N = 5 for each sex).

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2006

Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and AFLP were used for isolation of genomic sex determination markers in Penaeus monodon. A total of 256 primer combinations were tested against 6-10 bulked genomic DNA of P. monodon. Five and one candidate female- and male-specific AFLP fragments were identified. Female-specific fragments were cloned and further characterized. SCAR markers derived from FE10M9520, FE10M10725.1, FE10M10725.2 and FE14M16340 provided the positive amplification product in both male and female P. monodon. Further analysis of these markers using SSCP and genome walk analysis indicated that they were not sex-linked. In addition, sex-specific (or differential) expression markers in ovaries and testes of P. monodon were analyzed by RAP-PCR (150 primer combinations). Twenty-one and fourteen RAP-PCR fragments specifically/differentially expressed in ovaries and testes of P. monodon were successfully cloned and sequenced. Expression patterns of 25 transcripts were tested against the first stranded cDNA of ovaries and testes of 3-month-old and broodstock-sized P. monodon (N = 5 and N = 7 - 10 for females and N = 4 and N = 5 - 7 for males, respectively). Five (FI-4, FI-44, FIII-4, FIII-39 and FIII-58) and two (M457-A01 and MII-51) derived RAP-PCR markers revealed female- and male-specific expression patterns in P. monodon. Surprisingly, MII-5 originally found in testes showed a higher expression level in ovaries than did testes of juvenile shrimps but a temporal female-specific pattern in P. monodon adults.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.225-242
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• 1996

The author studied to determine the sex and age of 8 ancient human skeletal remains, which had excavated from ancient tombs located in Yeanri, Kimhae. Some kinds of personal identification methods their skulls and teeth were used for this study and the results were obtained as follows : 1. Sex determination was possible in ancient teeth from 4th to 5th century, using detection of X-Y homologous amelogenin gene by polymerase chain reaction. 2. DNA analysis proved that the materials examined were all male, but which always did not coincide with the results from other methods for sex determination including comparison of sexual differentiation of cranium and teeth and use of discriminant functions in the dental measurement. 3. There was little difference of the estimated ages between the methods by regression of pulp cavity and attrition in teeth. The ages from these two methods always did not coincide with ones from evaluation closure of cranial and palatal sutures. 4. Sex and age of the materials were determined as follows ; $\cdot$ Y9 was estimated to be male in early sixties. $\cdot$ Yl2 was estimated to be male in late twenties to early thirties. $\cdot$ Y37 was estimated to be male in early forties. $\cdot$ Y70 was estimated to be male in early sixties. $\cdot$ Y87 was estimated to be male in late forties. $\cdot$ Y109 was estimated to be male in early forties. $\cdot$ Yl29 was estimated to be male in late thirties to early forties. $\cdot$ Yl42 was estimated to be male in late fifties to early sixties.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.160-168
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• 2021

Doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor(dmrt) play crucial roles in sex determination and sex differentiation in vertebrates and invertebrates. Although dmrt genes have been identified in vertebrates, little is known about aquatic invertebrates. In this study, two dmrt genes, namely, Dc_dmrt93B and Dc_dmrt99B, were identified from brackish water flea, Diaphanosoma celebensis. Transcriptional changes were observed in the dmrt genes when the flea was exposed to bisphenol(BP), an endocrine disruptor. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that both dmrt genes contained two conserved domains, namely, DM and DMA, closely clustered with those of Daphnia spp. Additionally, a significant increase in the Dc_dmrt99B mRNA expression level was observed upon exposure to intermediate concentrations of BP (bisphenol A>bisphenol S=bisphenol F, p<0.05), while the expression of Dc_dmrt93B mRNA was slightly modulated. These findings imply that the two dmrt genes may be involved in sex differentiation of D. celebensis. Furthermore, it was found that the ability of BP to modulate dmrt genes could affect development and reproduction. This study provides a basis for understanding the function of the dmrt genes and the molecular mode of action of BP in small crustaceans.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 1990

Ten strains of tilapiine species from genus Oreochromis were cytogenetically studied for genetic stock identification. Both the chromosome numbers(2n=44) were identical in all 10 strains. Heteromorphic sex chromosome pair were not found in any strains. Nuclear volumes vary between O. niloticus(21.0 $\mu$ $m^3$) and O. aureus(22.4 $\mu$ $m^3$)

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.20.1-20.20
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• 2018

Genetic hearing loss crosses almost all the categories of hearing loss which includes the following: conductive, sensory, and neural; syndromic and nonsyndromic; congenital, progressive, and adult onset; high-frequency, low-frequency, or mixed frequency; mild or profound; and recessive, dominant, or sex-linked. Genes play a role in almost half of all cases of hearing loss but effective treatment options are very limited. Genetic hearing loss is considered to be extremely genetically heterogeneous. The advancements in genomics have been instrumental to the identification of more than 6,000 causative variants in more than 150 genes causing hearing loss. Identification of genes for hearing impairment provides an increased insight into the normal development and function of cells in the auditory system. These defective genes will ultimately be important therapeutic targets. However, the auditory system is extremely complex which requires tremendous advances in gene therapy including gene vectors, routes of administration, and therapeutic approaches. This review summarizes and discusses recent advances in elucidating the genomics of genetic hearing loss and technologies aimed at developing a gene therapy that may become a treatment option for in the near future.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 1995

Recently, DNA fingerprinting has been utilized as the most powerful tool for genetic analysis and improvement of poultry. This technique enables us to solve several problems of poultry breeding ; traits of low heritability, difficulty in keeping the performance records, measuring in late of life, and sex limited traits. Application of DNA fingerprinting is chiefly focused to individual and population identification, evolution force, quantitative trait marker, introgression of new gene, and prediction of heterosis. Thus, research work on DNA fingerprinting will he accelerated to analyze genetic components exactly and improve the performance of poultry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.41-41
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.140-140
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• 2003