• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.414-417
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• 1999

The congenital epulis of newborn is a rare benign tumor that occurs on the gingiva of the anterior alveolar ridge of the jaws, also known as a congenital granular cell tumor. Females are affected 8 - 10 times more often than males. The typical location is the alveolar ridge of the maxilla near the canine but the mandibular region can also be involved. The lesion may be sessile or pedunculated with red or normal color. The size of tumor varies from several millimeters to a few centimeters in diameter. Surgical excision is generally indicated and no recurrences have been noticed. Spontaneous regression is rare. It is histologically similar to the granular cell tumor, although pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia does not occur in the former lesion. Thus sheets of large, closely packed cells showing fine, granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm comprise the tumor mass. This is a case report of congenital epulis in the fetus. The lesion was detected in ultrasonogram, its size is 3cm in diameter. The infant showed nursing disturbance and respiratory obstruction after birth, so the tumor was surgically excised under local anesthesia.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2010

제주도의 해안 가까운 저지대에서 우리나라 미기록 종인 장미과의 제주산딸기(Rubus nishimuranus Koidz.)가 채집되었다. 이 종은 지금까지는 일본에만 분포하는 것으로 알려져 왔다. 제주산딸기는 3소엽 또는 상부의 잎이 깊게 길라진다는 점에서 거문딸기(R. trifidus Thunb. ex Murray)와 구분되고, 삼출엽이면서 소엽병이 없거나 거의 없는 점에서 장딸기(R. hirustus Thunb.)와 구분된다. 체세포 염색체 수는 2n = 2x = 14이고, 염색체의 크기는 $1.2-2.5{\mu}m$이다. 염색체의 조성은 3쌍의 중부염색체(염색체 1, 2, 5번)와 차중부염색체(염색체 3, 6, 7번) 그리고 1쌍의 차단부염색체(염색체 4번)로 각각 구분되었다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-48
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• 2002

유생의 형태발생이 미발표된 별따개비속의 하구별따개비는 조간대의 암석 기저부에 부탁하거나 가리비의 껍질에 부착하여 생활하는 따개비이다. 유생을 실험실에서 최초로 사육하여 유생발생단계를 형태적으로 도시 및 기재하였다. 노플리우스에서 어린 성체 직전까지 유생사육 기간은 20$\pm$0.5$^{\circ}C$에서 3주일이 소요되었다. 각 유생단계별로 유생의 크기 및 강모식을 설명하고 하구별따개비 유생의 유생기별 전장, 갑폭, 촉각 내지에 위치한 4적의 강모형태, 상순, 4-6기의 노플리우스 두순극의 형태 및 제 1촉각, 제 2촉각, 대악의 강모식이 본 따개비유생의 동정에 유용함을 설명하였다 위에서 언급한 형태학적 특징 뿐만 아니라 복부돌기에 있는 미세가슴가시의 형태와 미세가시수도 따개비유생의 종내 및 종간 동정에 매우 유용함을 구명하였다.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.197-209
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• 1992

황해 남서부인 군산외해역에 서식하는 저서 다모류군집의 분포특징과 그들의 섭식 조합을 조사하기 위하여 Veen grab 채집기를 사용하여 24개 장점에서 저서동물을 채집 하였다. 총출현 다모류는 30개과에 속하는 54종이었게, 조사해역의 평균서식밀도는 약 300개체/ m$^2$였다. 주요 우점종으로는 Sternaspis scutata (10%), Notomastus sp. (10%). Lumbrineris cruzensis (9.7%), Nephtys polybrqanchia (5.6%), Praxillella affinis (5.2%) 등이었다. 주요 우점종의 출현은 퇴적상에 따라 차이를 보였는데 사질 퇴적상에서는 N. Polybranchia Prionospio pinnata, Spiophanes bombyx 등이, 니질퇴 적상에서는 S. scutata L. cruzensis, Goniada maculata 등이 나머지는 혼합퇴적물상 에서 그들의 주 출현량을 보였다. 다모류의 섭식조합은 12가지 유형으로 나타났으며, 그 중에서 BMX(표층하퇴적물식정, 운동성, 균육질 주둥이)가 출현빈도(19개 장점)나 출현량(전체의 26%)에 있어서 가장 높았다. 각 섭식조합별로 퇴적상에 대한 선호도를 보였는데, 니질퇴적상에서는 표층하퇴적물식성, 운동성 및 비촉수성 다모류가 우세하 여 섭식조합 BMX와 BMJ 등이 많이 출현하였고, 반면 사질퇴적상에서는 여과식성, 고착 성 및 촉수를 가진 FDT와 SST 등의 섭식조합이 우점하였다.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2012

Graphene has recently received high attention as a promising material for various applications, and many related studies have been undertaken to reveal its basic mechanical properties. However, the tribological properties of graphene film fabricated by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method are barely known. In this study, the contact angle and frictional wear characteristics of graphene coated copper film were investigated under room temperature, normal air pressure, and no lubrication condition. The contact angle was measured by sessile drop method and the wear test was carried out under normal loads of 660 mN and 2940 mN, respectively. The tribological behaviors of a graphene coating layer were also examined. Compared to heat treated bare copper foil, the graphene coated one shows a higher contact angle and lower friction coefficient.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.439-446
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• 2021

Quercus infectoria (nutgall) has been reported to possess antimicrobial activities against a wide range of pathogens. Nevertheless, the biofilm removal effect of nutgall extract has not been widely investigated. In this study, we therefore evaluated the effect of nutgall extract in combination with cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) against preformed biofilm of Salmonella Typhimurium on polypropylene (PP) and stainless steel (SS) coupons in comparison with other sanitizers. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of nutgall extract and surfactants (CTAB and sodium dodecyl sulfate; SDS) were assessed. CTAB showed a more efficient antimicrobial activity than SDS and was selected to use in combination with nutgall extract for removing biofilm. To determine the biofilm removal efficacy, the PP and SS coupons were individually submerged in 2x MBC of nutgall extract (256 mg/ml) + 2x MBC of CTAB (2.5 mg/ml), nutgall extract alone (256 mg/ml), CTAB alone (2.5 mg/ml), distilled water, and 100 ppm sodium hypochlorite for 5, 15, and 30 min. The remaining sessile cells in biofilm were determined. Overall, the greatest biofilm removal efficacy was observed with nutgall extract + CTAB; the biofilm removal efficacy of sanitizers tended to increase with the exposure time. The SEM analysis demonstrated that S. Typhimurium biofilm on PP and SS coupons after exposure to nutgall extract + CTAB for 30 min displayed morphological alterations with wrinkles. This study suggests nutgall extract + CTAB may be an alternative to commonly used sanitizers to remove biofilm from food contact surfaces in the food industry and household.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.503-511
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• 2019

As sessile organisms, plants have developed sophisticated system to defend themselves against microbial attack. Since plants do not have specialized immune cells, all plant cells appear to have the innate ability to recognize pathogens and turn on an appropriate defense response. The plant innate immune system has two major branches: PAMPs (pathogen associated molecular patterns)-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). The ability to discriminate between self and non-self is a fundamental feature of living organisms, and it is a prerequisite for the activation of plant defenses specific to microbial infection. Arabidopsis cells express receptors that detect extracellular molecules or structures of the microbes, which are called collectively PAMPs and activate PTI. However, nucleotidebinding site leucine-rich repeats (NB-LRR) proteins mediated ETI is induced by direct or indirect recognition of effector molecules encoded by avr genes. In Arabidopsis, plasmamembrane localized multifunctional protein RIN4 (RPM1-interacting protein 4) plays important role in both PTI and ETI. Previous studies have suggested that RIN4 functions as a negative regulator of PTI. In addition, many different bacterial effector proteins modify RIN4 to destabilize plant immunity and several NB-LRR proteins, including RPM1 (resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola 1), RPS2 (resistance to P. syringae 2) guard RIN4. This review summarizes the current studies that have described signaling mechanism of RIN4 function, modification of RIN4 by bacterial effectors and different interacting partner of RIN4 in defense related pathway. In addition, the emerging role of the RIN4 in plant physiology and intercellular signaling as it presents in exosomes will be discussed.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.1033-1044
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• 2018

As sessile organisms, plants have evolved to adjust their growth and development to environmental changes. It has been well documented that the crosstalk between different plant hormones plays important roles in the coordination of growth and development of the plant. Here, we describe a novel recessive mutant, mildly insensitive to ethylene (mine), which displayed insensitivity to the ethylene precursor, ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid), in the root under the dark-grown conditions. By contrast, mine roots exhibited a normal growth response to exogenous IAA (indole-3-acetic acid). Thus, it appears that the growth responses of mine to ACC and IAA resemble those of weak ethylene insensitive (wei) mutants. To understand the molecular events underlying the crosstalk between ethylene and auxin in the root, we identified the MINE locus and found that the MINE gene encodes the pyridoxine 5′-phosphate (PNP)/pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate (PMP) oxidase, PDX3. Our results revealed that MINE/PDX3 likely plays a role in the conversion of the auxin precursor tryptophan to indole-3-pyruvic acid in the auxin biosynthesis pathway, in which TAA1 (TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS 1) and its related genes (TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED 1 and 2; TAR1 and TAR2) are involved. Considering that TAA1 and TARs belong to a subgroup of PLP (pyridoxal-5′-phosphate)-dependent enzymes, we propose that PLP produced by MINE/PDX3 acts as a cofactor in TAA1/TAR-dependent auxin biosynthesis induced by ethylene, which in turn influences the crosstalk between ethylene and auxin in the Arabidopsis root.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2021

In this study, high temperature wetting analysis and AZ80/Ti interfacial structure observation are performed for the mixture of AZ80 and Ti, and the effect of Al on wetting in Mg alloy is examined. Both molten AZ80 and pure Mg have excellent wettability because the wet angle between molten droplets and the Ti substrate is about 10° from initial contact. Wetting angle decreases with time, and wetting phenomenon continues between droplets and substrate; the change in wetting angle does not show a significant difference when comparing AZ80-Ti and Mg-Ti. As a result of XRD of the lower surface of the AZ80-Ti sample, in addition to the Ti peak of the substrate, the peak of TiAl3, which is a Ti-Al intermetallic compound, is confirmed, and TiAl3 is generated in the Al enrichment region of the Ti substrate surface. EDS analysis is performed on the droplet tip portion of the sample section in which pure Mg droplets are dropped on the Ti substrate. Concentration of oxygen by the natural oxide film is not confirmed on the Ti surface, but oxygen is distributed at the tip of the droplet on the Mg side. Molten AZ80 and Ti-based compound phases are produced by thickening of Al in the vicinity of Ti after wetting is completed, and Al in the Mg alloy does not affect the wetting. The driving force of wetting progression is a thermite reaction that occurs between Mg and TiO2, and then Al in AZ80 thickens on the Ti substrate interface to form an intermetallic compound.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2022

The high latitude scleractinian coral Alveopora japonica Eguchi, 1965 occurs in high density in the shallow rocky subtidal in Jeju Island, forming coral carpets. Despite its ecological role providing a unique habitat for other benthic organisms, the benthic fauna associated with the A. japonica coral carpet is poorly known. To identify fauna associated with the coral carpet, we explored three sites dominated by A. japonica and one control site on northwestern Jeju Island in May 2013. Using SCUBA, we collected A. japonica and the epibenthic mega-fauna associated with the colonies in 1×1 m² and identified them to the species level. At a depth of 10 to 15 m, A. japonica colonies heavily covered the seafloor, forming a layer called a coral carpet, with a density of 94 (Keumneung-ri), 133 (Biyangdo), and 155 (Gwidok-ri) colonies/m². Thirty-four molluscan species were identified from the four sites, including 20 bivalves and 14 gastropods. The coral carpets were enriched with sessile bivalves compared to the control site, as we identified twenty bivalve and eight gastropod species from the coral carpets. Most bivalve species associated with the coral carpets had tropical-subtropical affinities, while gastropods were mainly subtropical and subtropical-low boreal species. Leiosolenus lischkei M. Huber, 2010, in the family Mytilidae and Barbatia steamsi (Pilsbry, 1895), in the family Arcidae, were the two most abundant bivalve species in the coral carpet, L. lischkei being a borer, and B. stearnsi a nestler. The tropical to subtropical Pacific star shell Astralium haematragum (Menke, 1829)was the most abundant gastropod at the study sites. The bivalves and gastropods associated with the coral carpet were small-sized juveniles or sub-adults, suggesting that the coral carpet provides a micro-habitat for the bivalves and gastropods.