• Title/Summary/Keyword: service reference model

검색결과 299건 처리시간 0.027초

Detection of Emetic Bacillus cereus from Ready-to-eat Foods in Markets and its Production of Cereulide under Simulated Conditions

  • Kim, Heesun;Chang, Hyeja
    • 급식외식위생학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.9-18
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    • 2020
  • B. cereus-produced cereulide as an emetic toxin is commonly isolated in starch-based cooked foods. This study examined the prevalence of B. cereus from ready-to-eat foods in markets by polymerase chain reaction analysis and determined the relationship between the level of B. cereus and the quantity of cereulide in the sample after different storage times and temperatures. The prevalence of general B. cereus in 43 starch foods was 32.6%, and the level of B. cereus ranged from 0.5 to 1.95 log cfu/g, meeting the Korea Food Code Specifications of 3 log CFU/g of B. cereus. No samples revealed emetic B. cereus. Fried rice samples were inoculated with a cereulide-producing reference strain, B. cereus NCCP 14796, to determine the level of B. cereus and the quantity of cereulide in the samples after storage for 0, 4, 6, 8, 20, 24, 30, 48, 72, and 96 h at 7, 25, 35, and 57℃. The average levels of B. cereus at 7, 25, 35, and 57℃ were 4.38, 7.31, 7.88, and 3.82 log cfu/g, and the levels of cereulide were 150.41, 1680.70, 2652.65, and 77.83 ㎍/mL, respectively, showing a significant difference according to the incubation time (P<0.05) and temperature (P<0.001).

Distributing Goods and Information Flow: Factors Influencing Online Purchasing Behavior of Indonesian Consumers

  • MAIDIANA, Karilla;HIDAYAT, Z.
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제19권7호
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    • pp.5-17
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: The distribution of goods and the flow of information, determined by consumer behavior toward online shopping, is drastically popular worldwide. This study examines some factors such as brand trust, online sales promotion, consumer personality, delivery service, quality assurance, information search, and online consumer satisfaction influence online shopping behavior. Research design, data, and methodology: A constructed questionnaire in an online survey was conducted with 241 random cluster respondents in the greater Jakarta Area. Structure equation model was utilized to analyze and verify all the data. Results: Research finding indicates online sales promotion, delivery service, quality assurance, and online consumer satisfaction positively influence information search. Meanwhile, brand trust, quality assurance, and information search positively influence online shopping behavior. However, the result illustrates that consumer personality negatively influences both information search and online shopping behavior. Conclusions: To influence online shopping behavior, the most important factors that need to be considered by marketplaces are quality assurance. It positively motivates Indonesia's citizens to collect information and make unplanned purchases. The study finding can be a reference for brands to maintain and build outstanding product quality, an informational website, and an excellent marketing strategy so that customers can meet their expectations. Besides, it also broadens both companies' and individuals' knowledge about the digital revolution on consumer behavior.

Multilevel Analysis of the Relationship Between Prescribing Institutions and Medication Adherence Among Patients With Hypertension and Diabetes in Korea

  • Haryeom Ghang;Juhyang Lee
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제56권6호
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    • pp.504-514
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between prescribing institutions and medication adherence among patients newly diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes. Methods: This study investigated patients with new prescriptions for hypertension and diabetes in Korea in 2019 with using data collected from general health screenings. A multilevel logistic regression model was applied to explore the relationship between patients' first prescribing institution and their medication adherence, defined as a medication possession ratio (MPR) over 80%. Results: The overall adherence rates were 53.7% and 56.0% among patients with hypertension and diabetes, respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficients were 13.2% for hypertension and 13.8% for diabetes (p<0.001), implying that the first prescribing institution had a significant role in medication adherence. With clinics as the reference group, all other types of hospitals showed an odds ratio (OR) less than 1.00, with the lowest for tertiary hospitals (OR, 0.30 for hypertension; 0.45 for diabetes), and the next lowest in health screening specialized clinics (OR, 0.51 for hypertension; 0.46 for diabetes). Among individual-level variables, female sex, older age, higher insurance premium level, and residing in cities were positively associated with adherence in both the hypertension and diabetes samples. Conclusions: This study showed that the prescribing institution had a significant relationship with medication adherence. When the first prescribing institution was a clinic, newly diagnosed patients were more likely to adhere to their medication. These results highlight the important role played by primary care institutions in managing mild chronic diseases.

중국 수리조선산업의 효율성 분석에 관한 연구 (Analysis of the Efficiency of Chinese Repair Shipbuilding Industry)

  • 양윤옥;왕고봉
    • 한국항만경제학회지
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.117-134
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 12개 중국 수리조선 업체를 대상으로 DEA모형을 활용해 중국 수리조선산업의 효율성을 분석하고자 하였다. 기존 연구들과 달리 본 연구에서는 연구대상 뿐만 아니라 선정된 투입과 산출변수도 차별성을 지닌다. 연구대상은 수리조선시장에서 경쟁우위를 보이고 있는 중국의 업체를 대상으로 진행하였다. 효율성 분석을 위한 투입변수는 시설 외에 기술자 수를 고려하였으며, 산출변수는 매출액 외에도 수리선 척수 및 서비스 범위를 사용하여 관련 변수들을 다양화하였다. 분석에는 DEA모형에 의하여 시설만 투입변수로 한 경우 및 시설과 기술자 수를 투입변수로 하여 차이점을 분석하였다. 비효율적인 DMU의 경우, 효율적인 DMU가 될 수 있도록 참조집합을 통해 비효율성의 원인을 찾아 장단점을 분석하였다. 또한 국영기업과 민영기업을 구분해서 개선방안을 도출하였다.

지역난방 수용가측 효율관리를 위한 IoT 기반 시스템 구축에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Construction of IoT based System for District Heating Customer-side Energy Efficiency Management)

  • 윤정미;이상학;안창구;엄재식
    • 에너지공학
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.113-122
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    • 2017
  • 우리나라 집단에너지 사업의 주요축인 지역난방 시스템은 경제성 있는 열에너지 공급시스템으로 국민편익과 안전에 많은 기여를 해 왔다. 하지만 관리주체의 불명확함, 전문기술인력 부족 등으로 인해 공동주택 수용가측의 열효율저하, 요금 불공정등의 문제가 발생하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 관리사각지대인 지역난방 수용가측 설비의 효율 및 고장관리를 위해 필요한 모니터링 포인트를 제안하고, 이를 표준화 하기 위한 표준참조모델을 제안한다. 또한 IoT 센서 기술을 적용하여 실시간 모니터링 및 통합관리 시스템을 구축함으로써, 지역난방 수용가시설에 대한 서비스 질 개선과 에너지 효율향상을 위한 기술적 방법론을 제안한다.

A Comparative Study of Predictive Factors for Hypertension using Logistic Regression Analysis and Decision Tree Analysis

  • SoHyun Kim;SungHyoun Cho
    • Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.80-91
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    • 2023
  • Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify factors that affect the incidence of hypertension using logistic regression and decision tree analysis, and to build and compare predictive models. Design: Secondary data analysis study Methods: We analyzed 9,859 subjects from the Korean health panel annual 2019 data provided by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs and National Health Insurance Service. Frequency analysis, chi-square test, binary logistic regression, and decision tree analysis were performed on the data. Results: In logistic regression analysis, those who were 60 years of age or older (Odds ratio, OR=68.801, p<0.001), those who were divorced/widowhood/separated (OR=1.377, p<0.001), those who graduated from middle school or younger (OR=1, reference), those who did not walk at all (OR=1, reference), those who were obese (OR=5.109, p<0.001), and those who had poor subjective health status (OR=2.163, p<0.001) were more likely to develop hypertension. In the decision tree, those over 60 years of age, overweight or obese, and those who graduated from middle school or younger had the highest probability of developing hypertension at 83.3%. Logistic regression analysis showed a specificity of 85.3% and sensitivity of 47.9%; while decision tree analysis showed a specificity of 81.9% and sensitivity of 52.9%. In classification accuracy, logistic regression and decision tree analysis showed 73.6% and 72.6% prediction, respectively. Conclusions: Both logistic regression and decision tree analysis were adequate to explain the predictive model. It is thought that both analysis methods can be used as useful data for constructing a predictive model for hypertension.

Reproducibility of the sella turcica landmark in three dimensions using a sella turcica-specific reference system

  • Pittayapat, Pisha;Jacobs, Reinhilde;Odri, Guillaume A.;Vasconcelos, Karla De Faria;Willems, Guy;Olszewski, Raphael
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • 제45권1호
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: This study was performed to assess the reproducibility of identifying the sella turcica landmark in a three-dimensional (3D) model by using a new sella-specific landmark reference system. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two cone-beam computed tomographic scans (3D Accuitomo$^{(R)}$ 170, J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan) were retrospectively collected. The 3D data were exported into the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine standard and then imported into the Maxilim$^{(R)}$ software (Medicim NV, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium) to create 3D surface models. Five observers identified four osseous landmarks in order to create the reference frame and then identified two sella landmarks. The x, y, and z coordinates of each landmark were exported. The observations were repeated after four weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using the multiple paired t-test with Bonferroni correction (intraobserver precision: p<0.005, interobserver precision: p<0.0011). Results: The intraobserver mean precision of all landmarks was <1 mm. Significant differences were found when comparing the intraobserver precision of each observer (p<0.005). For the sella landmarks, the intraobserver mean precision ranged from $0.43{\pm}0.34mm$ to $0.51{\pm}0.46mm$. The intraobserver reproducibility was generally good. The overall interobserver mean precision was <1 mm. Significant differences between each pair of observers for all anatomical landmarks were found (p<0.0011). The interobserver reproducibility of sella landmarks was good, with >50% precision in locating the landmark within 1 mm. Conclusion: A newly developed reference system offers high precision and reproducibility for sella turcica identification in a 3D model without being based on two-dimensional images derived from 3D data.

성과평가에 기반 한 기록관의 사회적 영향 분석 연구 (A Study on Social Impacts of Archives through Outcome-based Evaluation)

  • 박성재
    • 한국기록관리학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.73-92
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    • 2017
  • 기록관은 사회의 기록을 저장하고 이용토록함으로써 사회를 지탱하는 기반이 되는 장소이다. 이에 본 연구는 기록관이 사회에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위한 프레임워크를 개발하였다. 제안 모델은 기존의 기록관의 사회적 영향에 관한 선행연구의 결과를 기반으로 하였으며 영향은 성과의 한 영역이자 축적된 성과의 발현이라는 점에서 대표적인 성과평가 모델중의 하나인 논리모형을 적용하여 개발되었다. 실제 측정을 위한 프레임워크 개발을 위해 광범위한 사회적 영향 중에서 지역사회 강화 측면을 측정하기 위한 모형을 제안했다. 초기, 중기, 장기 성과를 포함하는 제안모형은 기록관 이용을 통해 지식, 태도, 기술의 변화가 만들어 내는 사회적 참여활동의 증가를 측정하였다. 또한 시민의 사회참여의 증가로 인한 지역사회 강화를 최종 성과로 제안하고 있다. 제안된 모형을 기반으로 한 양적/질적 연구가 진행된다면 기록관의 사회적 영향이 분석될 것으로 기대된다

서비스호환 3DTV 방송서비스를 위한 시그널링 및 다중화기법 (Signaling and Multiplexing for Service-compatible 3DTV Broadcasting)

  • 윤국진;이봉호;이진영;정원식;허남호;김규헌
    • 방송공학회논문지
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    • 제16권6호
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    • pp.951-961
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    • 2011
  • 본 논문에서는 다양한 디지털 방송 플랫폼에서 적용이 가능하며 기존의 디지털방송과 호환성을 유지하면서 3DTV 방송서비스를 제공하기 위한 시그널링 및 다중화 방식을 제안한다. 최근 선진국을 중심으로 다양한 3DTV 실험방송 서비스가 진행되고 있으며 점차적으로 고화질 3DTV 방송서비스를 제공할 수 있는 서비스호환 방식의 3DTV 방송 표준화가 진행 중에 있다. 실험결과, 제안된 기술은 국내 고화질 3DTV 실험방송을 통하여 지상파/위성/케이블 매체에서 공통적으로 적용될 수 있음을 확인하였고 이미 MPEG에서 관련 표준화가 진행 중에 있어 실제 3DTV 인코더 및 수신기 등 방송시스템 개발에 있어 참조모델로 활용될 수 있다.

중파대역을 사용하는 국내 NDGPS 기준국의 전파 간섭 분석 (Analysis of Radio Interference for Korean NDGPS Reference Station using Medium Frequency Band)

  • 김영완;지석근
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
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    • 제16권7호
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    • pp.1344-1349
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    • 2012
  • 국내 DGPS 기준국은 283.5 kHz~325 kHz 대역 주파수를 사용하여 200 bps 의 GPS 보정 신호를 MSK 방식으로 전송하고 있다. 6곳의 내륙기준국은 500 W 출력으로 80 kM 영역을 서비스하며, 11곳의 해안기준국은 300 W 전력으로 185 kM의 광역 지역에 전송된다. 내륙기준국과 해안기준국에 의해 국내 DGPS 서비스 영역은 이중 또는 삼중으로 제공될 수 있다. DGPS 기준국의 고출력 신호 전송으로 기준국간 간섭과 인접 무선국간 간섭 현상이 발생할 수 있으며, 다중서비스 영역에 위치한 사용자 단말기의 수신 성능은 간섭 영향을 받을 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내 DGPS 기준국에 대한 간섭 보호비를 정의하고, 중파대역 전파 모델을 통하여 기준국간 간섭과 인접무선국간 간섭영향을 분석하고 사용자 단말기의 간섭을 분석한다.