• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.455-475
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate characteristics of pre-service teachers' cognition about learning through the use of technology by employing a teacher education program in the use of technology-friendly flipped classroom. For this purpose, 45 pre-service teachers participated in the study and they completed both pre- and post-surveys including questions about Technology Adopter Category Index(TACI) and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge(TPACK). They were also asked to write self-reflections on mathematics softwares(Geometer's Sketch Pad(GSP), Geogebra, Cabri 3D). Results show that the teacher education program in the use of technology-friendly flipped classroom affected pre-service teachers' cognitions of TACI and TPACK, and they perceived that technology integration helped students' mathematics learning process. Findings from this study indicate that ideas about how to develop a technology-friendly teacher education program are more specified..

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.1405-1414
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• 2011

This paper analyzes the impact of the change in telecommunication regulation on network investment such as the integration of telecommunication service. The integration of telecommunication service plays a role of separating the behavior regulation from entrance regulation and reducing a entrance constraints. Therefore, it is expected that the market spill over effect is high through the improvement of behavior regulation such as interconnection regulation, facilities provisions, retail price regulation, bundling, number portability of VoIP. This paper discusses the critical factor affecting the decision making process in respect of the firm level and analyzes the impact path guiding investment and innovation. Finally, the paper proposes the guideline for telecommunications policy.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.61 no.12
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• pp.650-657
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• 2018

Background and Objectives The present study aimed to compare receptive and expressive language development in children who have undergone simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation (SCI) and those who have undergone bimodal stimulation (unilateral CI+ hearing aid). Subjects and Method In a retrospective analysis of clinical data, 15 pediatric patients who have received SCI and nine patients who have received bimodal stimulation (BM group) were enrolled. CI was performed for all patients at 24 months of age. Category of Auditory Performance (CAP) scores, Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) scores, and developmental quotients (DQ) for expressive and receptive language were compared between the groups at 12 month of follow-up. The Percentage of Consonants Correct (PCC) of children evaluated at 4 years old was also compared. Results At 12 months of follow-up, significantly greater improvements in CAP scores (${\Delta}4.25{\pm}0.5$) were noted in the SCI group compared to the BM group (${\Delta}3.56{\pm}0.88$, p=0.041). Significantly greater improvements in IT-MAIS scores were also noted in the SCI group (${\Delta}36.17{\pm}4.09$) than in the BM group (${\Delta}30.17{\pm}2.91$, p=0.004). The DQ of receptive language was higher in the SCI group than in the BM group ($87.6{\pm}15.4%$ vs. $75.5{\pm}12.0%$, p=0.023) at 12 months of follow-up. Moreover, early SCI was associated with better receptive language skills. PCC index of children at 4 years old was higher in the SCI group than in the BM group ($88.5{\pm}13.2%$ vs. $62{\pm}15.8%$, p=0.014). Earlier SCI was associated with even greater improvements. Conclusion Bilateral SCI is associated with significant improvements in language development when compared with bimodal stimulation. Earlier SCI was associated with better outcomes.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.491-499
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• 2020

The implementation of PPK-BLU in Indonesia was not followed by a comprehensive change in aspects of organization, human resources, and finance. Based on this background, this study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the BTIP after the implementation of the PPK-BLU policy in the implementation of telecommunications services and information to the public in Indonesia. This research used integration of the McKinsey 7S method, Analytical Hierarchy Process, and Likert scale. The integration of these methods can provide a detailed quantitative analysis. Based on the overall evaluation results of carrying out the PPK BLU, BTIP has a performance value of 81.195%, which puts it within the Good category. The McKinsey 7S elements used as a whole have the following values: one aspect is categorized as Very Good, namely, the strategy aspect with a value of 91.025%; two aspects are categorized as Good (structural aspects with a value of 86.857%, and skill aspects with a value of 81.432%); three aspects are categorized as Adequate (style aspect with a value of 76.441%, staff aspect with a value of 78.605%, and share value aspect with a value of 76.331%); one aspect is categorized as Bad, that is the system aspect with a value of 67.503%.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.141-156
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• 2010

In this paper, understanding there is a limitation with a comprehensive and network approach for the evaluation of existing vehicle and pedestrian environments, the authors focus on developing an integrated approach to assessing these environments. The network evaluation here means the assessment at a three-dimensional level that includes evaluation methods of lines/axes in a spatial concept as well as integration of evaluation indicators being used for vehicles and the walking environment. Grey System Theory (GST) was applied based on the theoretical background for network and comprehensive integrated evaluation, and the evaluation of the vehicle and pedestrian environment was performed by assigning target areas to walking preference zones. As a result of the comprehensive evaluation and analysis by GST, even if the service level is the same as the operating indicators (Highway Capacity Manual) of the vehicle and pedestrian environment, or relatively better, it was identified that the total score could be varied over Grey Category because the observed data are calculated after considering the weights between evaluation indicators by the range of Grey Category on the comprehensive evaluation. Considering comprehensively these points, although the indicators on the operation of roads are relatively good, in the event that the indicators on the safety of roads are bad, it was known that the scores over Grey Category also could be changed. The result is that this evaluation method can be used to evaluate the network concept per lane (per axis) as well as to diagnose the current state by type of urban street in the future.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.310-321
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• 2007

Effective and systematic sanitation management programs are necessary to prevent foodborne disease outbreaks in school foodservice operations. The purpose of this study was to identify the elements to improve in order to ensure the safety of school food service by evaluating sanitation management practices implemented under HACCP-based programs. The survey was designed to assess the level of hygiene practices of school food service by using an inspection checklist of food hygiene and safety. Fifty-four school foodservice establishments considered as poor sanitation practice groups from two year inspections by Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education were surveyed from September to December in 2005. Inspection checklists consisted of seven categories with 50 checkpoints; facilities and equipment management, personal hygiene, ingredient control, process control, environmental sanitation management, HACCP system and safety management. Surveyed schools scored $68.0{\pm}12.42$ points out of 100 on average. The average score (% of compliance) of each field was 10.7/20 (53.3%) for facilities and equipment management, 7.4/11 (67.2%) for personal hygiene, 7.4/11 (74.1%) for ingredient control, 22.4/32 (69.8%) for process control, 8.9/12 (73.8%) for environmental sanitation management, 4.2/7 (59.7%) for HACCP systems management, and 7.2/8 (89.7%) for safety management, respectively. The field to be improved first was the sanitation control of facilities and equipment. The elements to improve this category were unprofessional consultation for kitchen layout, improper compartment of the kitchen area, lacks of pest control, inadequate water supply, poor ventilation system, and insufficient hand-washing facilities. To elevate the overall performance level of sanitation management, prerequisite programs prior to HACCP plan implementation should be stressed on the school officials, specifically principals, for the integration of the system.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.77-87
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• 2015

This study aimed to make the leisure activation policy plan on married immigrant women for social integration of multicultural families as a social problem. For that, this study selected total 25 professional experts who can suggest leisure activation policy plans on married immigrant women with convenience quota sampling, and, they were chiefs and instructors in multicultural family support centers, professors of social welfare and leisure, and married immigrant women who had passed Test of Proficiency in Korean and been doing leisure activities. As the results, there were classified into 6 main category like established policy direction, engage, awareness, and program improvement, operations and facility improvements, administrative support, 13 middle categories, and 37 small categories. Through above process, this study suggested 6 steps of policy plan: 1st, making systematic policy direction on the base of married immigrant women's real demand, 2nd, making administrative·institutional support system for effective policy enhancement, 3rd, improving recognitions on immigrant women's leisure activity from surrounders, 4th, improving programs by efficient management and qualitative diversification, 5th, improving management of concerned facilities, and 6th, attracting participations of married immigrant women through economical support·connection and child care service.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.19-28
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• 2012

Recently a grid and cloud computing collaboration have become a social issue. These collaborative network system, the P2P system based on this system. Distingui shed from the client/server systems, P2P systems in order to exchange information, its purpose and functions are divided according to the morphological Category. In accordance with the purposes and functions of information and data retrieval, remote program control and integration services for the offers. Most P2P systems client/server scalability, and management takes the form, but to overcome the disadvantages in terms of applying the mixed-mode system is increasing. And recently the distributed computing aspects of the service to users in order to provide suitable to accommodate the diverse needs of various types of mobile agent technology is needed. In this paper, as required by the mobile agent access to a remote resource access control and agent for the execution and management capabilities and improve the reliability of the mobile agent system designed to suggest.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.539-550
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the achievements of the project, and also to find out its strengths and weaknesses. Method: This evaluative study employed system theory and analytic techniques by using criteria which were relevance, appropriateness, adequacy, progress, effectiveness and satisfaction for input, process, output, and outcome of program. Study subjects were participants in the home health care program implemented in G public health center in Inchon metropolitan city in 2003. Results: Input factors including recruitment personnel, and support organization development were not adequately met for the program. However. the goal and objectives of the project were really appropriate for the community needs as well as government's policy. For the Process evaluation, home health care record form and computer data base had not progressed as scheduled, but overall program activities were finished on time. However, cooperation between organizations in the health center during service activity were not supportive. Managerial ability of program charged personnel about coordination and integration of team members was not affirmative. Output and outcome evaluation showed that people improved self care ability were 221 (17.5%). and 71 (5.62%) of subjects were moved into category of possible self-care. Client's satisfaction for this project showed a high degree. Conclusions: Based on the above results support organization and staff personnel for this program should be developed. Also, a community network of resources should be established and case management services should be focused continuously in community based home health care.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.131-159
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• 2023

Recently, amidst the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic shifting towards an endemic phase, there has been a rise in discussions and debates about the future of the metaverse. Simultaneously, major metaverse platforms like Roblox have been launching services integrated with generative AI, and Apple's mixed reality hardware, Vision Pro, has been announced, creating new expectations for the metaverse. In this situation where the outlook for the metaverse is divided, it is crucial to diagnose the metaverse from an ecosystem perspective, examine its key ecological features, driving forces for development, and future possibilities for advancement. This study utilized Wang's (2021) Information Ecology Theory (IET) framework, which is representative of ecosystem research in the field of Information Systems (IS), to derive the Metaverse Industrial Ecosystem (MIE). The analysis revealed that the MIE consists of four main domains: Tech Landscape, Category Ecosystem, Metaverse Platform, and Product/Service Ecosystem. It was found that the MIE exhibits characteristics such as digital connectivity, the integration of real and virtual worlds, value creation capabilities, and value sharing (Web 3.0). Furthermore, the interactions among the domains within the MIE and the four characteristics of the ecosystem were identified as driving forces for the development of the MIE at an ecosystem level. Additionally, the development of the MIE at an ecosystem level was categorized into three distinct stages: Narrow Ecosystem, Expanded Ecosystem, and Everywhere Ecosystem. It is anticipated that future advancements in related technologies and industries, such as robotics, AI, and 6G, will promote the transition from the current Expanded Ecosystem level of the MIE to an Everywhere Ecosystem level, where the connection between the real and virtual worlds is pervasive. This study provides several implications. Firstly, it offers a foundational theory and analytical framework for ecosystem research, addressing a gap in previous metaverse studies. It also presents various research topics within the metaverse domain. Additionally, it establishes an academic foundation that integrates concept definition research and impact studies, which are key areas in metaverse research. Lastly, referring to the developmental stages and conditions proposed in this study, businesses and governments can explore future metaverse markets and related technologies. They can also consider diverse metaverse business strategies. These implications are expected to guide the exploration of the emerging metaverse market and facilitate the evaluation of various metaverse business strategies.