• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.1025-1034
• /
• 2015

Traditional Shewhart control charts assume that the observations are independent over time. Current progress in measurement and data collection technology lead to the presence of autocorrelated process data that may affect poor performance in statistical process control. One of the most popular charts for autocorrelated data is to model a correlative structure with an appropriate time series model and apply control chart to the sequence of residuals. Model parameters are estimated by an in-control Phase I reference sample since they are usually unknown in practice. This paper deals with the effects of parameter estimation on Phase II control limits to monitor autocorrelated data.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.312-319
• /
• 2003

In an attempt to develop a method for rapid and accurate identification of six Vibrio species that are clinically important and most frequently detected in Korea, 16S rDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of Vibrio type strains, as well as environmental isolates obtained from the Korean coastal area, was analyzed using ten restriction endonucleases. Digestion of the 16S rDNA fragments amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the enzymes gave rise to 2~6 restriction patterns for each digestion for 47 Vibrio strains and isolates. An additional 2~3 restriction patterns were observed for five reference species, including Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida, Photobacterium phosphoreum, and Plesiomonas shigelloides. A genetic distance tree based on RFLP of the bacterial species correlated well with that based on 16S rDNA sequences. The very small 16S rDNA sequence difference (0.1%) between V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus was resolved clearly by RFLP with a genetic distance of more than 2%. RFLP variation within a species was also detected in the cases of V. parahaemolyticus, V. proteolyticus, and V. vulnificus. According to the RFLP analysis, six Vibrio and five reference species were assigned to 12 genotypes. Using three restriction endonucleases to analyze RFLP proved sufficient to identify the six pathogenic Vibrio species.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.595-606
• /
• 2011

This paper proposes a robust watermarking scheme for GIS digital map by using the geometric properties of polyline and polygon, which are the fundamental components in vector data structure. In the proposed scheme, we calculate the lengths and the perimeters of all polylines and polygons in a map and cluster them to a number of groups. Then we embed the binary watermark by changing the mean of lengths and perimeters in an embedding group. For improving the safety and robustness, we permute the binary watermark through PRNS(pseudo-random number sequence) processing and embed it repeatedly in a model. Experimental results verified that our scheme has a good invisibility, safety and robustness to various geometric attacks and also our scheme needs not the original map in the extracting process of watermark.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.181-186
• /
• 2019

A designated fungal isolate, KNU-US-1802E was isolated from the soil in Uiseong, Korea. To identify characteristics of the isolate, it was cultured on PDA media for 6 days at $35^{\circ}C$. Colonies on PDA are flat, light gray, dense, with entire margins; reverse dark gray to black, with white margins. Aerial mycelia were smooth-walled, hyaline and 40~42 mm diameter after 6 days at $35^{\circ}C$. Conidia were hyaline, one-celled, ellipsoidal to fusiform, forming long chains with average length ${\times}$ width of $5.0{\pm}0.3{\times}2.9{\pm}0.2{\mu}m$. Molecular analysis indicates that the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and partial beta-tubulin (tub2) gene sequence showed 100% and 99% similarities, respectively with Acrophialophora ellipsoidea CGMCC 3.15255 collected from China. Phylogenetic analysis by the neighbor-joining (NJ) method shows that the KNU-US-1802E was clustered with A. ellipsoidea CGMCC 3.15255 in a phylogenetic tree constructed using the concatenated sequences of ITS region and tub2 gene sequences with a high bootstrap value. Based on these findings, the isolate KNU-US-1802E was identified as Acrophialophora ellipsoidea, and this is the first report of this isolate in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.424-429
• /
• 2019

Two juvenile (9.48 and 10.11 mm in standard length) specimens of the lanternfish Notoscopelus japonicus, belonging to the family Myctophidae, were collected from the waters around Busan and Jeju Island in February 2017. This species is characterized by having melanophores along the dorsal side of the body and one photophore (PO5) in front of the pelvic fin. It is distinguished from Benthosema pterotum in having many melanophores on the dorsal side and a single photophore (PO5) on the trunk. N. japonicus is also distinguished from its congeneric N. resplendens and N. caudispinosus in having no melanophores at the base of the anal fin. Analyzing 521 base pairs of the 16S rRNA sequence, the specimens were identical to N. japonicus adults from Japan (K2P distance <0.004). This is the first record of N. japonicus in Korea, and we propose a new Korean name "Deung-jum-saet-bi-neul-chi" for this species.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.50-55
• /
• 2019

The fragmentation statistics of ion trap CID (Collision-Induced Dissociation) spectra using 87,661 tandem mass spectra of doubly charged tryptic peptides are analyzed here. In contrast to the usual method of using intensity information, the frequency of occurrence of fragment ions, with respect to the position of the cleavage site and the residues at these sites is studied in this paper. The analysis shows that the frequency of occurrence of fragment ion peaks is more towards the middle of the peptide than its ends. It was noted that amino acid with an aromatic and basic side chain at N- & C- terminal end of the peptide stimulates more peaks at the lower end of the spectrum. The residue pair effect was shown when the amide bond occurs between acidic and basic residues. The fragmentation at these sites (D/E-H/R/K) stimulates the generation of the y-ion peak. Also, the cleavage site H-H/R/K stimulates the generation of b-ions. K-P environment in the peptide sequence has more tendency to generate y-ions than b-ions. Statistical analysis helps in the visualization of the CID fragmentation pattern. Cleavage pattern along the length of the peptide and the residue pair effects, enhance the knowledge of fragmentation behavior, which is useful for the better interpretation of tandem mass spectra.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.55-57
• /
• 2019

The Runella sp. ABRDSP2, capable of degrading mono-aromatic compounds such as toluene, was isolated from freshwater. The whole genome, consisting of a circular single chromosome and three plasmids, was composed of total 7,613,819 bp length with 44.4% G+C contents and 6,006 genes. The genome of strain ABRDSP2 contains many aromatic hydrocarbon degrading genes such as monooxygenase, ring-cleaving dioxygenase, and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase. The complete genome reveals versatile biodegradation capabilities of Runella sp. ABRDSP2.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.52 no.9
• /
• pp.540-547
• /
• 2019

Immune repertoire is a collection of enormously diverse adaptive immune cells within an individual. As the repertoire shapes and represents immunological conditions, identification of clones and characterization of diversity are critical for understanding how to protect ourselves against various illness such as infectious diseases and cancers. Over the past several years, fast growing technologies for high throughput sequencing have facilitated rapid advancement of repertoire research, enabling us to observe the diversity of repertoire at an unprecedented level. Here, we focus on B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire and review approaches to B cell isolation and sequencing library construction. These experiments should be carefully designed according to BCR regions to be interrogated, such as heavy chain full length, complementarity determining regions, and isotypes. We also highlight preprocessing steps to remove sequencing and PCR errors with unique molecular index and bioinformatics techniques. Due to the nature of massive sequence variation in BCR, caution is warranted when interpreting repertoire diversity from error-prone sequencing data. Furthermore, we provide a summary of statistical frameworks and bioinformatics tools for clonal evolution and diversity. Finally, we discuss limitations of current BCR-seq technologies and future perspectives on advances in repertoire sequencing.

• ALGAE
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2019

Chilean species of marine macroalgae with amphitropical distributions oftentimes result from introductions out of the Northern Hemisphere. This possibility was investigated using haplotype data in an amphitropical red macroalgae present in Chile, Callophyllis variegata. Published sequence records from Canada and the United States were supplemented with new collections from Chile (April 2014-November 2015). Specimens of C. variegata were amplified for the 5′ end of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI-5P) and the full length nuclear internal transcribed spacer region. Haplotype networks and biogeographic distributions were used to infer whether C. variegata was introduced between hemispheres, and several population parameters were estimated using IMa2 analyses. C. variegata displayed a natural amphitropical distribution, with an isolation time of approximately 938 ka between hemispheres. It is hypothesized that contemporary populations of C. variegata were established from a refugial population during the late Pleistocene, and may have crossed the tropics via rafting on buoyant species of kelp or along deep-water refugia coincident with global cooling, representing a rare case of a non-human mediated amphitropical distribution.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.267-292
• /
• 2019

The present article addresses the coupled free vibration problem of skew magneto-electro-elastic plates (SMEE) considering the temperature-moisture dependent material properties. The plate kinematics follows Reddy's higher order shear deformation theory. With the aid of finite element methods, the governing equations of motion are derived considering the Hamilton's principle and solved by adopting condensation technique. The influence of different temperature and moisture dependent empirical constants on the frequency response of SMEE plate has been assessed. In addition, the natural frequencies corresponding to various fields are evaluated and the effect of empirical constants on these coupled frequencies is determined. A detailed parametric study has been carried out to assess the individual effects of temperature and moisture dependent empirical constants along with their combined effect, aspect ratio, length-to-width ratio, stacking sequence and boundary conditions. The results reveal that the external environment as well as the geometrical skewness has a significant influence on the stiffness of the SMEE plates.