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Preparation of Poly(ethylenimine) Anionic Exchnage Membrane Impregnated in Porous Polyethylene Membranes (다공성 폴리에틸렌 막에 폴리에틸렌이민을 함침 시킨 음이온교환막의 제조 연구)

  • Park, Chan-Jong;Kim, Il-Hyung;Kim, Sung-Pyo;Lee, Hak-Min;Cheong, Seong-Ihl;Choi, Ho-Sang;Rhim, Ji-Won
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.91-97
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    • 2011
  • In this study, the anionic exchange membranes were prepared through the impregnation of polyethylenimine (PEI) into porous polyethylene (PE) separator and then crosslinking with isophrhaloyl dichloride (IPC). To characterize the resulting membranes, the contact angles, FT-IR, ion exchnage capacity and ion conductivity were measured. The amide group is produced the reaction between amines in PEI and -COCl in IPC. In case of ion exchange capacity, 1.96 meq./g dry membrane at the reaction time, 30 sec was decreased to 1.14 meq./g dry membrane at 600 sec reaction time. The ion conductivity, $9.15{\times}10^{-2}S/cm$ at 30 sec reaction time, was obtained.

Electrochemical Properties of Core-Shell Polyolefin Nonwoven Fabric Modified with Sulfonic Acid Group (술폰산기를 갖은 코아-쉘형 폴리올레핀 부직포의 전기화학적 성질)

  • Choi, Seong-Ho;Zhang, Yu-Ping;Shon, Sang-Ho;Lee, Kwang-Pill
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.60-68
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    • 2004
  • The core-shell polyolefin nonwovon fabric (PNF), wherein the PNF comprises at least about 60% of polyethylene having a melting temperature at ${\sim}132^{\circ}C$ and no more than about 40% of second polypropylene having a lower melting temperature at ${\sim}162^{\circ}C$. The sulfonic acid group for battery separators were prepared by radiation-induced grafting of styrene onto PNF and by the subsequent sulfonation of polystyrene graft chains. The sulfonated PNF was characterized by XPS, SEM, DSC, TGA and porosimeter. The electrochemical properties such as electrolyte retension, electrical resistance, and transport number of the $K^+ions$ were evaluated after sulfonation. It was found that the electrolyte retension increased, whereas the electrical resistance decreased with increasing sulfonic acid content. The transport number of $K^+$ in PNF with sulfonic acid of 0.22 ~ 3.60 mmol/g was to be 0.90 ~ 0.93.

A study on the electrical and mechanical properties of PEMFC bipolar plate by thermoplastic composite injection molding process (열가소성 복합소재를 이용하여 사출성형 한 PEMFC용 bipolar plate의 전기전도도 및 기계적 특성 연구)

  • Yoon, Yong-Hun;Kim, Dong-Hak
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.1999-2004
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    • 2011
  • This research aims to develop polymer composites which can be used for PEMFC bipolar plate by injection molding process. Considering the moldability and stiffness, we used LCP(Liquid crystal polymer) as base resin. In order to improve electrical conductivity and mechanical properties, we chose carbon black, and both synthetic graphite and expanded graphite. The composites with different recipe are prepared for injection molding of PEMFC bipolar plate and CAE(Computer Aided Engineering) analysis was performed to predict melt flow and fiber orientation We did successfully fabricate the ASTM specimens by injection molding, and measure the electrical conductivity of the samples by using four point probe device. We measured mechanical properties such as flexural strength, flexural modulus and Izod impact strength. Conclusively, the electrical conductivity increased with increasing additive concentration, but both flexural strength and Izod impact strength decreased due to the brittle nature of carbon-based additives.

Development of Triboelectrostatic Separation Technique for Material Separation of EVA & PET Mixture Plastic Wastes (EVA와 PET 혼합(混合) 폐플라스틱의 재질분리(材質分離)를 위한 마찰하전형(摩擦荷電形) 정전선별(靜電選別) 기술개발(技術開發))

  • Jeon, Ho-Seok;Park, Chul-Hyun;Baek, Sang-Ho;Kim, Byoung-Gon;Kim, Hyung-Seok
    • Resources Recycling
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.13-21
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    • 2009
  • A research on material separation of EVA and PET mixture plastic waste using a triboelectrostatic separator has been carried out. It was found that PP was the best charging material to give the highest charge on the surface of EVA and PET mixture plastics with an opposite polarity. Therefore, a charger of pipe line type using PP material was manufactured for separation of EVA and PET mixture plastic waste. At optimum test conditions that used PP cyclone charger developed in this study, we could separate out PET with a glade of 98.7% and a recovery of 89.7%.

Development of Tribo-electrostatic Separation Technique for Scale-up Process of Heavy Group Plastic Tailings (고비중(高比重) 종말품(終末品) 폐(廢)플라스틱 대량처리(大量處理)를 위한 마찰하전(摩擦荷電) 정전선별(靜電選別) 기술개발(技術開發))

  • Park, Chul-Hyun;Jeon, Ho-Seok;Baek, Sang-Ho;Kim, Bong-Gon
    • Resources Recycling
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.30-38
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    • 2009
  • In this research, we studied the scale-up triboelectrostatic process for separation of PVC from higher gravity fraction of plastic wastes produced from wet gravity separation process. High density polyethylene (HDPE) was found to be the most effective materials for a tribo-charger in the separation of plastic tailings. In a commercial scale triboelelctrostatic separator unit, using the HDPE pipe-line charger, a grade of 99.1% with PET, PS and others and a recovery of 86% was obtained under optimum conditions at over 250 kV/m electric field, a splitter position of -8 cm from the center, and less than 40% relative humidity. The developed unit can process the plastic wastes at a 300 kg/h, and the product can be utilized as RPF or RDF of over grade 2.

Development of Triboelectrostatic Separation Technique for Material Separation of ABS and PS Mixed Plastic Waste (ABS와 PS 혼합(混合) 폐플라스틱 재질분리(材質分利)를 위한 마찰하전형정전선별(摩擦荷電型靜電選別) 기술개발(技術開發))

  • Lee, Eun-Seon;Baek, Sang-Ho;Kim, Su-Kang;Choi, Woo-Zin;Chin, Ho-Ill;Jeon, Ho-Seok
    • Resources Recycling
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.33-40
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    • 2013
  • Due to the environmental problem caused by plastics largely used in various fields, the importance of recycling is being emphasized. A research on material separation of ABS and PS mixed plastic waste, using a triboelectrostatic separator, was carried out for recovery the ABS. As a results of research on charging characteristic for choosing charging material, it was confirmed that ABS was optimum charging material for a tribo-charger in the material separation of ABS and PS. In the material separation using ABS charger, ABS grade of 99.5% and recovery of 92.5% were achieved at 20 kV, splitter position +2 cm from the center and 30% relative humidity. Therefore, material separation technique for recycling ABS and PS mixed plastic waste was established.

Electrochemical Characteristics of Carbon/Carbon Hybrid Capacitor and Li-ion Battery/Hybrid Capacitor Combination (Carbon계 Hybrid Capacitor의 전기 화학적 기술 및 Li-ion Battery의 혼성 동력원 특성)

  • Lee, Sun-Young;Kim, Ick-Jun;Moon, Seong-In
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.07a
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    • pp.597-598
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    • 2005
  • Recently, the performance of portable electric equipment can often improved by a Li-ion battery assisted by a supercapacitor. A supercapacitor can provide high power density as well as a low resistance in the hybrid system. In this study, we have prepared, as the pluse power souce, a commercially supplied Li-ion battery with a capacity of 700mAh and AC resistivity of $60m\Omega$ at 1kHz and nonaqeous asymmetric hybrid capacitor composed of an activated carbon cathode and MCMB anode, and have examined the electrochemical characteristics of hybrid capacitor and the pulse performances of parallel connected battery/hybrid capacitor source. The nonaqueous asymmetric hybrid capacitor, the stacks of 10 pairs of the cathode, the porous separator and the anode electrode were housed in Al-laminated film cell. The hybrid capacitor, which was charged and discharged at a constant current at $0.25mA/cm^2$ between 3 and 4.3V, has exhibited the capacitance of 100F. And the equivalent series resistance was $32m\Omega$ at 1kHz. By combining a Li-ion battery and a hybrid capacitor, the pulse performance of battery can be improved 23% in run time under a pulse discharge of 7C-rate.

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Mineralogy of Beach Sand in Jaeun Island, Shinangun, Chonranamdo (전라남도 신안군 자은도 해빈사의 광물학적 특성)

  • Chae, Soo-Chun;Jung, Jee-Sung;Jang, Young-Nam;Bae, In-Kook;Shin, Hee-Young
    • Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.289-302
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    • 2007
  • Separation process of heavy minerals was performed with sand from Dunjang beach of Jaeundo, Shinangun, Chonnam, and the feasibility study separating heavy minerals was carried out, and their properties were studied. Samples were selected in three parts, which were upper part, middle part and lower part, with depth. Samples of heavy mineral groups separated with the spiral separator were chosen as starting materials, and they were separated with 3 times of table separation. Heavy minerals presenting in this area were ilmenite, zircon, rutile, anatase, monazite, and xenotime. In the results of 3 times of table separation, minor content of quartz, orthoclase, albite and muscovite were existed as gangue minerals. Accordingly, we concluded that additional specific gravity separation was needed. In the results of separation of heavy minerals by hand picking, it was confirmed that heavy minerals had various genesis because of their various roundness and color.

Occupational Exposure to Airborne Asbestos Fibers in Serpentine Quarries and a Steel Mill (사문석 채석장과 제철소 내 사문석 취급 근로자의 공기 중 석면 노출 평가)

  • Kwon, Jiwoon;Seo, Hoe-Kyeong;Kim, Kab Bae;Chung, Eun Kyo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 2013
  • Objectives: Asbestos contents of crushed serpentine rocks and airborne fiber concentrations of workers were determined at two serpentine quarries and a steel mill. Methods: Bulk samples of uncrushed and crushed serpentine rocks were collected and analyzed by PLM and TEM. Airborne asbestos samples were collected from the breathing zone of workers and the vicinity of working area and analyzed by PCM and TEM. Results: Chrysotile was identified with antigorite, lizardite and non-asbestiform actinolite in bulk samples. The arithmetic means of chrysotile contents in crushed serpentines were 0.11, 0.01, 0.42%(W/W) by quarry A, quarry B and a steel mill, respectively. The asbestos concentrations of all personal samples were less than 0.1 f/cc which is the permissible exposure limit of workers in Korea. The arithmetic means of airborne asbestos concentrations were 0.017 f/cc and 0.009 f/cc in personal samples collected from two serpentine quarries. The asbestos concentrations of all personal samples collected from a steel mill were less than LODs by PCM analysis but asbestos was detected in area samples by TEM. By the job tasks of serpentine quarries, crusher/separator operation generated the highest exposure to airborne asbestos. Conclusions: Although chrysotile contents in crushed serpentines of quarries were less the permissible level, the highest exposure of workers in serpentine quarries reached up to 76% of the permissible level of airborne asbestos. There were also possibilities of occupational exposure to airborne asbestos in a steel mill. The present exposure study should encourage further survey and occupational control of quarries producing serpentine or other types of asbestos-bearing rocks.

Analysis of Hydrodynamic Separators for Combined Sewer Overflows and Stromwater Runoff Control (합류식 하수관거 월류수 및 우수관거 유출수의 수리동력학적 오염부하저감장치의 분석)

  • Lee, Soo Young;Oh, Ji Hyun;Ryu, Seong Ho;Kwon, Bong Ki;Chung, Tai Hak
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.117-124
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    • 2005
  • Appropriate removal of pollutants from combined sewer overflows(CSOs) and stormwater runoff is of primary concern to watershed managers trying to meet water quality standards even under a wet weather condition. Harmful substances associated with particles besides TSS and BOD are subjected to removal prior to discharge into the natural waters. Effectiveness of five major hydrodynamic separation technologies, Vortechs, Downstream Defender including Storm King for CSOs control, CDS, Stormceptor, and IHS, were evaluated in this study. There is not sufficient information for accurate evaluation of the removal efficiency for the pollutants from the stormwater runoff and CSOs. Based upon limited engineering data, however, all technologies were found to be effective in separation of heavy particles and floating solids. Technologies utilizing screens seem to have advantage in the treatment capacity than the other technologies relied fully on hydrodynamic behavior. The IHS system seems to have a strong potential in application for control of CSOs because of unique hydrodynamic behavior as well as a flexibility in opening size of the screens. Size of the particulate matter in the CSOs and stormwater runoff is found to be the most important parameter in selection of the type of the hydrodynamic separators. There exists an upper limit in the solids removal efficiency of a hydrodynamic separator, which is strongly dependent upon the particle size distribution of the CSOs and stormwater runoff.