• 패션비즈니스
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate purple image and formative properties in contemporary fashion. For the study of formative properties 152 kinds of costume samples from photographs in fashion magazines. For the study of image 40 kinds of costume samples is used and divided into tones : pale(Vp, Lgr, L), bright(P, B), vivid(S, V, Dp), dark(Gr, Dl, Dgr, Dk). A total 24 pairs of abjective words were used to measure the semantic differential scale in this study. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, ANOVA, MDS and regression analysis. The results are as follows; 1. Factor analysis has extracted 5 factors which consist of purple image in contemporary fashion. The factors are high quality, hardness and softness, simplicity, temperature, maturity. 2. There were significant differences in visual evaluation of purple tones. 3. The discrimination among. 4 purple tones was related to weight of purple 4. The evaluative dimensions of purple image in modern fashion were identified by Light - Heavy and Pale - Strong. 5. The image effect on Preference, Buying needs, Pleasant and Riches was consist of complicated sensibility.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.306-317
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• 2020

This study aimed to identify the factors affecting elderly care willingness (ECW) of nursing students. A total of 313 nursing students participated in the study. Data were collected from May to June 2019 using Interpersonal Reactivity Index-Korean version, Semantic Differential Scaling for evaluating attitudes toward elders, Scale of Ageism, and Questionnaire for care willingness toward older adults. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS 21.0 Program. The factors with the most significant influence on the elderly care willingness was prejudice toward the elderly (β=-.30, p=.001), followed by attitude toward the elderly (β=-.25, p=.004), third year (β=-.23, p=.016), satisfaction with volunteer experience with the elderly (β=-.21, p=.008), satisfaction with nursing major (β=-.17, p=.032), and empathy (β=.16, p=.046). These factors explained 46% of the elderly care willingness. In conclusion, it is necessary to reduce prejudice against the elderly and develop positive attitudes toward the elderly to increase the willingness of nursing students to care for older adults. In particular, further study is required to increase the willingness of nursing students to care for the elderly through developing programs such as curriculums for positive contact experiences with the elderly and volunteer activities for the elderly.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.49-77
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• 2012

The development of mobile devices and network technology is changing the ways in which people communicate with one another. Mobile text message has emerged as one of the most frequently used form of communication, which also gave rise to various non-verbal texts such as emoticons. Nonetheless, the use of text messages has largely been denied in education because text messages often involve colloquial and non-verbal texts considered inappropriate or grammatically incorrect by the teacher. In efforts to provide a theoretical framework to better understand mobile e-text communication, this research compared the practical usages of non-verbal texts in the mobile e-learning environment. The study developed three types of text messages according to the degree of using non-verbal texts and their phraseology as instructors' messages, which were then distributed to 259 students via mobile text messaging. The perceptions of students were analyzed using a semantic differential scale and a questionnaire. The results showed clear differences in students' perceptions of non-verbal text and traditional text, and that optimally designed non-verbal texts turned out to encourage the students' interaction the most out of the three types of text messages. Following the discussion of the results, an expanded theoretical framework beyond Ong's concepts of orality and literacy is also suggested to understand the evolution of mobile e-text communication in education.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.915-929
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate the visual illusions and image of the combinated collars and sleeves which are combinated by the computer simulation. The detail object of this study as follows; 1) to know the visual illusions of the clothing as the collar and sleeves are combinated 2) to constract the clothing image using sementic differential scales 3) to know the differet image of the clothing as the collars and sleeves are combinted 4) to know the interaction effect of the collars and sleeves of the clothing The detail method of this study is as follows; In the first experiment, there are two groups; the first 8 groups are the combination of the same collar and the different sleeves. The second 8 groups are the combination of the same sleeve and the different collars. The second experiment has done for the 32 clothings which are the combination of the 8 collars and 4 sleeves. For the 14 clothing the image has tested by 13 semantic differential bi- polar scale. The subjects were 50 female students majoring in clothing and textile. The data analyzed by Kendall cofficient of concodance, Factor analysis, Anova and scheffe's test. Briefly the image of the clothing is much influenced by the varing of the collar than that of the sleeve. Thus, we also can conclude that the recognition of the clothing are much more dependent on the collar than sleeve.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.84-96
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• 2008

This research investigated the landscape characteristics of the skyline and the cognitive characteristics of Mt. Mudeung (1,186m) from various viewpoints. Mt. Mudeung, the representative landscape of Gwangju City, has been recognized as a natural landmark and theme of paintings. By analyzing the perspective from 32 points with a digital terrain model, some landscape indices of the skyline were derived and the relationships are discussed. Assessment of the semantic differential scale with 21 adjective variables and representativeness to 15 landscape photographs of the mountain were accomplished. 1. Through regression analysis of the skyline indices, significant relationships were found between them the angle from the visual axis and number of skyline jumps, the vertical angle fluctuation and number of jumps per degree, the visual depth fluctuation and vertical angle fluctuation of skyline, and between the vertical angle mean and number of jumps per degree. Meaningful relations were found between the number of jumps of skyline to number of jumps per degree and the angle from visual axis to visual distance. However, in the representative assessment no difference was found on the angle from visual axis of viewpoints. On the other hand, it seemed to relate representativeness with visual clarity based on visual distance. 2. We found 4 factors "familiarity", "fluctuation of skylines", "openness", and "feeling of texture" in the results of factor analysis of semantic differential assessment. When considering the results of assessment for representativeness, adjective words for familiarity and openness seemed to have a close assessment. Specifically, the research showed that the landscape representation was highly assessed in a view which could be seen from the higher parts to the lower part of hills. This result indicates that the management of viewpoints which could get a scene from intermediate to distant, and locating a high elevation is important. 3. In the picturesque expression of Mt. Mudeung, various impressions from the different points, a skyline based on the top of Mt. Mudeung and a mono structure by overlapping hills were common characteristics. These common characteristics were also partially found through the analysis of topographical landscape indices and landscape images. Therefore, the viewpoints for the representative landscape management should be selected in natural or open spaces.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.181-195
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• 1992

The purposes of this study were to investigate 1) the effect of body exposure and color of a woman's suit on the perception of modesty, and 2) the effect of perceiver's sex and age on impression formed by the function of clothing variables. The instrument of this study consisted of a response scale and stimuli. Thirteen items of 7-point semantic differential scales were developed to measure the perceiver's impression on wearer's modesty. Stimuli were color pictures of a model wearing one of 8 types of suit constructed by a 2 $\times$ 2 $\times$ 2 factorial design. The manipulation of each level of the clothing variables were: color of the suit by black and red, leg exposure by varying skirt lengths to a Chanel-line and mini skirt, and neck exposure by shirt collar blouse and scarf. Two models, representing typical female college students living in Seoul, were selected to eliminate model effect. The sample include 384 subjects, consisting of 4 groups of male and female college students and middle aged men and women. Eight experimental groups were randomly assigned to one of eight stimuli based on between-subject design. One half of each group responded to model 1 and the other half to model 2 of same stimulus. Responses to the semantic differential scales were factor analyzed (pc model, Varimax rotation) to identify factors constructing impression of modesty. Two factors emerged regard­less of subgroups; Elegance and Extroversion factor. The first factor was found to be dominant, accounting for 60 percent of the total variance. The other accounted for just 11 percent. Multidimensional ANOVA (5-way, 3-way) was conducted to test the effect of the clothing variables against two factors identified from the factor analysis. Leg exposure was the most powerful variable affecting the impression of Elegance and Extroversion factor for all per. ceiver subgroups. Neck exposure had primary effect on the impression of Elegance, whereas it partially influenced that of Extroversion. Color of suit had only partial effect on the impression of Extroversion. Hypothesis I was partially supported from the findings above. The effect of perceiver's age and sex on impression by the function of clothing variables was tested by comparing the result between four subgroups. In forming an impression of the wearer's modesty, male college students were least affected by the manipulation of clothing variables, while middle aged males were affected most. In the female groups, there was no age difference and they fell between the male groups in the degree to which they were affected. Hypothesis II was supported only by age difference in two male groups, and by sex difference in two student groups.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.91-105
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to identify the body images of patints with low back pain and their status on adjustment of daily living. The data were collected from 11 general hospitals during Feburary 2, 1987 through May 30,1987. One hundred and ninety five subjects having physical therapy treatment because of low back pain were analyzed. For measurement of body image, 11 pairs of adjectives were used on semantic differential scale, and for measurement of adjustment of daily living, 10 items were used on a likert type scale. Results of the study are summerised as follows. 1. The average patient age were 34yeats and 62% of the patients were men. High school grade completed were 43.1% and Cause of Low Back Pain were respctively;Unknown etiology 31.8%, lifting heavy objects 27.7%, Traffic accident and injury 17.9%. Types of treatment were;medication plus physical therapy 54.9%, physical therapy only 22.6%. Average treatment duration were 24.5 months. 2. There were significant difference in the body image between before low back pain and after low back pain. The body image before low back pain were 59.89(Mean) but after low back pain were 37,24(Mean) and two groups were statistically significant (t=21.3, p<0.00l). 3. there were no significant difference in the body image between the male and female.(t=1.49, p＞0.05) 4. The correlation between body image and adjustment of daily living. in both sexes showed positive correlation coefficient; male(r=0.4648, p<0.00l) female(r=0.4516, p<0.00l) respectively. It means that patients with positive body image can adjust well in daily living. 5. The relation between the body image and general variables revealed sigificant difference with occupation and age.(F=2.12 p<0.05, F=3.48 p<0.05). That is different occupation and different age groups can show different body image. In conculsion with the above results, It is my strong belief that multidisciplinary approach including the concept of body image and patient education about postural care, activities of daily living, lifting mechanics should be applied in treating and dealing with those patients.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2006

최근 도시의 급속한 발전과 시민들의 교통문화 의식이 향상되어 물리적인 요인뿐만 아니라 정서적인 측면을 동시에 고려한 보다 나은 보행환경을 요구하고 있는 실정이다. 또한 최소의 물리적인 설계 기준만을 충족시킨 기존의 보행공간이 보행 기피의 한 원인이 되고 있으므로 보행환경의 개선이 필요한 실정이다. 보행환경 개선을 위해서는 우리나라 보행자들이 편안하고 쾌적하게 느끼는 보행환경이 무엇인지를 파악하는 것이 매우 중요하다고 볼 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 SD 척도의 조사기법을 이용하여 인간의 정서적인 측면을 고려할 수 있는 감성공학을 적용한 보행환경 실험을 실시하였다 그리고 SD 척도에 의한 감성형용사의 감성인지를 분석하는데 유용한 LISREL 모형을 이용하여 보도경관의 인지평가 모형과 보도 설계요소의 감성인지 모형을 구축하였다 그 결과 보도 설계시 감성공학을 도입함으로써 쾌적하고 편안한 보도환경 구현이 가능하며 가로수 등의 식재를 통한 녹색환경을 조화롭게 구성하는 것이 무엇보다 중요함을 알 수 있었다

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.747-764
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• 1995

The purpose of the present study were 1) to identify the dimensional structure of impression formed of a female figure, 2) to analyze effects of several elements of apparel design on impression formation of the figure in suit. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimuli and a response scale. The stimuli consisted of 60 drawings made by identical manipulations of 3 indepndent variables in 3 clothing styles(suit, dress and pants with blouse). The independent variables were (1) five clothing colors (red, blue, yellow, white and black), (2) two lengths(short/long) of suit skirt, dress, and pants (3) two types of blouse and dress collars (shirt collar/ribbon collar). The 7-point semantic differential response scale to measure the dependent variables (formed impressions of the female figure) was composed of 37 bipolar adjectives. Further- more, two open-ended questions were used for interpretation of the reponses. The study proceeded in three independent experimental part was based on the 3 clothing styles using a 5(color)$\times$2(length)$\times$2(collar) factorial design. Subject were 200 female undergraduate students reandomly assigned to one of 20 combinations in each part of the experiment. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, 3-way ANOVA and Multiple Classification Analysis. Five factors emerged to account for the dimensional structure of impression of the female figure in specific attire. These factors included three basic dimensions of impression identified as potency, activity and evaluation, confirming the results of previous studies. Result from open-ended questionaire supported the theoretical perspective of Schneider, Hastorf and Ellsworth on the procedure of impression formation.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.539-549
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the factors related to the social distance toward older adults in nursing college students. Methods: The participants comprised 137 students in a nursing college. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires in March 2019. The measurement instruments included social distance scales, the Fact on Aging Quiz (FAQ I), a 20-item semantic differential scale (to assess attitudes), and the perceived elderly stigma scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a multiple regression analysis. Results: The total score for social distance toward older adults was 3.98±0.54 out of a maximum of 5. Social distance had a statistically significant relationship with knowledge (r=.20, p=.022), attitudes toward older adults (r=-.31, p<.001), and elderly stigma (r=-.27 p=.008). The factors affecting social distance were education in geriatrics (β=.33, p=.004), grade (β=-.29, p=.014), attitudes (β=-.21, p=.018), academic major satisfaction (β=.19, p=.028), and knowledge (β=.15, p=.048); the explanatory power of the model was 34%. Conclusion: There is a need for departmental efforts that nursing students acquire correct knowledge about the life and health of the elderly with the aging process and develop positive attitudes toward older adults through various experiences in gerontological nursing practicum and community senior-college student link programs.