• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.162-170
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• 2002

Detecting straight lines in an image is frequently required for various machine vision applications such as restoring CAD drawings from scanned images and object recognition. The standard Hough transform has been dominantly used to that purpose. However, massive storage requirement and low precision in estimating line parameters due to the quantization of parameter space are the major drawbacks of the Hough transform technique. In this paper, to overcome the drawbacks, an iterative algorithm based on a self-organizing map is presented. The self-organizing map can be adaptively learned such that image points are clustered by prominent lines. Through the procedure of the algorithm, a set of lines are sequentially detected one at a time. The algorithm can produce highly precised estimates of line parameters using very small amount of storage memory. Computational results for synthetically generated images are given. The promise of the algorithm is also demonstrated with its application to two natural images of inserts.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.491-506
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• 2006

In this paper, we extend the concept of the group ${\varepsilon}(X)$ of self homotopy equivalences of a space X to that of an object in the category of pairs. Mainly, we study the group ${\varepsilon}(X,\;A)$ of pair homotopy equivalences from a CW-pair (X, A) to itself which is the special case of the extended concept. For a CW-pair (X, A), we find an exact sequence $1\;{\to}\;G\;{\to}\;{\varepsilon}(X,\;A)\;{to}\;{\varepsilon}(A)$ where G is a subgroup of ${\varepsilon}(X,\;A)$. Especially, for CW homotopy associative and inversive H-spaces X and Y, we obtain a split short exact sequence $1\;{\to}\;{\varepsilon}(X)\;{\to}\;{\varepsilon}(X{\times}Y,Y)\;{\to}\;{\varepsilon}(Y)\;{\to}\;1$ provided the two sets $[X{\wedge}Y,\;X{\times}Y]$ and [X, Y] are trivial.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.409-419
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was the examination of delinquency according to, narcissism, self-esteem, hostility and alienation of juvenile. For this, setting 172 students of an academic high school and 366 students of a vocational school(total 538) as the object of this study, the measures of Narcissistic Personality Scales, Self-Esteem Scales, Alienation Scales, and Delinquency Scales were inquired. The method of statistical analysis about these materials was composed of Two-way Analysis of Variance, One-way Analysis of Variance, and Multi-regression Analysis by using SPSS 10.0. The result, when delinquency was examined according to narcissism and self-esteem, in the case that narcissism was highest, self-esteem was lowest, delinquency was highest. When delinquency was examined according to narcissism and hostility, in the case that narcissism was highest, hostility was highest, delinquency was highest. When delinquency was examined according to narcissism and alienation, in the case that narcissism was highest, alienation was highest, delinquency was highest. And, when Multi-regression Analysis about the effect of narcissism, self-esteem, hostility and alienation on delinquency was administrated, the variation that affected delinquency significantly was narcissism, hostility and alienation. That is, we could look forward that the more narcissists feel hostility and alienation, the higher they have delinquency.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.24_2
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• pp.231-270
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• 2015

This thesis examined Chu Hsi's self-cultivation theory as the representative theory of cultivation in Confucianism, while juxtaposing it to self-cultivation theory in Daesoon thought, concentrating on its similarity and difference. Neo-Confucianism is a scholarship which has wielded a tremendous influence upon East Asia, while functioning as an official scholarship for long period up to Yuan, Ming, and Ching period, after achieving its synthesis by Chu Hsi. After 13th century, Neo-Confucianism has been a representative academic system in Confucianism, and self-cultivation theory was in its center. It suggested various virtues that classical scholars have to equip to fulfill the sainthood and the politics of royal road. The self-cultivation theory of Chu Hsi was developed upon the basis of the theory 'Li-Qi' and the theory of mind. Here, the practice of Geokyung(morally awakened state with a reverent spirit in every moment) and Gyeokmul-tsiji(reaching into the utmost knowledge through investigation of things) formed a nucleus of Chu Hsi's self-cultivation theory. While Geokyung was to reveal one's true nature through cultivation of mind, Gyeokmul-tsiji was to demonstrate the complete use of mind's essence and function. Chu Hsi's self-cultivation theory attempted to realize the unity of heaven and man, and through cultivating self and governing people, it also tried to achieve its ideal of the society of Great Union(Daedong). Daesoon Thought is originated from Sangjenim who has descended to this world as a human being called Jeungsan. He went on his circuit to rectify the disorder of heaven and earth for 9 years to rectify the Three worlds of heaven, earth and human being which were faced with total annihilation due to its rule of mutual conflict, while creating an earthly paradise. Respecting the will of Sangjenim, Dojunim established the foundation of Do through launching 'Meukeukdo' and setting tenet, creed and object so that the cultivators (Doins) could believe and respect the truth of Sangje's great itineration (Daesoon). Among those, the two components of creed, which are four fundamental principles and the three fundamental attitudes are of great account as precept and cardinal point. Through this means, the cultivators of Daesoonjinrihoe aspire to guard against self-deception through transforming the human spirit, to realize earthly immortality through renewing human beings, and to create an earthly paradise through transforming the world. This thesis attempted to compare and analyze the theory of self-cultivation in Neo-Confucianism and Daesoon Thought in the aspect of ground, method, and object of cultivation. First, as for the ground of cultivation, the doctrines of Chu-tzu and Daesoon thought place the essence of cultivation on 'heaven'. Yet, whereas the former postulates Taekeuk (the Great Ultimate) as a principle as well as the heaven of a natural order, Daesoon thought postulates Sangenim as the heaven of superintendence as well as the heaven of a natural order, signified as its equation of Daesoon with circle, along with the unity of Meukeuk (Endlessness) and Taegeuk (the Great Ultimate). Further, the doctrine of Chu-zhu and Daesoon thought is identical in the point that both thoughts see mind as the subject of cultivation, while trying to restore a pure essence. Nevertheless, whereas Neo-Confucianism intends to give scope to ability of the complete use of mind's essence and function, Daesoon Thought sees mind as the essence which is used by spiritual beings and as an organ that heaven, earth and human being rely upon as the center of the universe. In the aspect of method of cultivation, the doctrine of Chuzhu lays emphasis on the rational factor in that it brightens its 'myung-deoki'(bright inner virtue),' while trying to correspond to the law of heaven on the basis of 'Geokyung' and 'Gyeokmul-tsiji.' On the contrary, Daesoon thought lays much emphasis on faith factor in that it aspires for human perfection based on the restoration of conscience by cultivating Daesoonjinri with sincerity, reverence and faith along with 'quieting the heart-mind', 'quieting the body', 'respecting the God of the Ninth Heaven', and 'observing ritual practice on the basis of the faith in Sangjenim. Yet, both thoughts have similarities in that cultivation of body forms the basis and that they attempt to realize their ideals through cultivation in daily life while taking 'Guarding against self-deception' as the key method of self-cultivation.' However, the principle of Chu-zhu can be said to be a voluntary and autonomous practice based on scripture of the saint as well as self-reflection. On the other hand, Daesoon thought reveals certain difference in that it combines faith factor with one's self-effort by concentrating on cultivation under the presence of Sangjenim as the object of belief and the spirits of heaven and earth. In the aspect of object of cultivation, both thoughts share similarities in that the saint and the perfected gentleman with a moral virtue as an ideal image of men in both thoughts attempt to realize each of their 'myung-deok' in human nature as a heavenly mandate while respecting morality. Further, they also share similarity in the point that the desirable characters in both thoughts want to participate in harmonious creation and nurturance. Yet, the perfected gentleman with a moral virtue is also characterized by its aim for a new heaven and earth where there is no mutual conflict but mutual beneficence, by promoting the moral influence and virtue of Sangjenim over one's own virtue, while practising the mutual beneficence of all life through harmonious union of divine beings and human beings.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.1954-1960
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• 2008

Modem Robot is used in all industries. Previous Robot was used by simplicity work, at recent times, robot is developed in form that can do action such as a person. Robot's action runs according to command repeat or in the every moment according to sensor's output value, achieve other action. In this raper, we studied about self-regulation transfer robot that follow Object autonomously. This robot can be used by purpose that carry heavy burden instead of human. Robot's composition is drive part which run object's position awareness Sensor, Processor that control action and Motor part. After robot is connects with Network, we did robot remote control and monitor the action situation of robot. For the methode to reduce drive error, we developed algorithm for outside environment. For an experiment we made the self-regulation robot. We showed the directivity of sensor, error of directivity and soft moving of robot. We showed the monitoring system and the execution screen for communication between robot and PC.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.456-461
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• 1999

In this study, the characteristics of Ultrasonic Transducer fabricated with PZT-Polymer 1-3 type piezoelectric ceramic/polymer composite are investigated. 3-D underwater object restoration using the self-made ultrasonic transducer and modified SCL(Simple Competitive Learning) neural network was presented. The ultrasonic transducer was satisfied with the required condition of commerical ultrasonic transducer in underwater. The modified SCL neural network using the acquired object data $16\times16$ low resolution image was used for object restoration of $32\times32$ high resolution image. The experimental results have shown that the ultrasonic transducer fabricated with PZT-Polymer 1-3 type piezoelectric ceramic/polymer composite could be applied for SONAR system.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2010

We propose an approach to estimate the real-time moving trajectory of an object in this paper. The object's position is obtained from the image data of a CCD camera, while a state estimator predicts the linear and angular velocities of the moving object. To overcome the uncertainties and noises residing in the input data, a Extended Kalman Filter(EKF) and neural networks are utilized cooperatively. Since the EKF needs to approximate a nonlinear system into a linear model in order to estimate the states, there still exist errors as well as uncertainties. To resolve this problem, in this approach the Kohonen networks, which have a high adaptability to the memory of the inputoutput relationship, are utilized for the nonlinear region. In addition to this, the Kohonen network, as a sort of neural network, can effectively adapt to the dynamic variations and become robust against noises. This approach is derived from the observation that the Kohonen network is a type of self-organized map and is spatially oriented, which makes it suitable for determining the trajectories of moving objects. The superiority of the proposed algorithm compared with the EKF is demonstrated through real experiments.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.1981-1986
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• 2009

This paper presents new matting techniques. The matting is an alpha estimation technique of object in an image. We can extract the object in an image naturally using the matting technique. The proposed algorithms begin by segmenting an image into three regions: definitely foreground, definitely background, and unknown. Then we estimate foreground, background, and alpha for all pixels in the unknown region. The proposed algorithms learn the definitely foreground and definitely background using self-organizing map(SOM), and estimate an alpha value of each pixel in the unknown region using SOM learning result. SOM matting is distinguished between global SOM matting and local SOM matting by learning method. Experiment results show the proposed algorithms can extract the object in an image.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.513-522
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• 2021

The current research aims to explore which type of identity-based message can be more persuasive for Chinese consumers to form positive restaurant brand attitude based on their cultural orientation, and to examine the roles of brand objective relevance and psychological power state in the persuasive process. The study employs a 2(identity expression focus: warmth vs. competence) × 2(message description manner: identity-defining vs. identity-referencing) × 2(experienced power state: high vs. low) between-subjects design, and conducts an online survey where 240 Chinese participants in total has responded to the questionnaires. SPSS and AMOS programs have been used to examine the hypotheses. The findings suggest that, first, the warmth-focused messages (identity-defining messages) more positively affected Chinese consumers' object relevance than the competence-focused messages (identity-referencing messages); Second, high power-experienced Chinese consumers rather than low power consumers tend to perceive more object relevance at the warmth self-defining messages; Third, brand object relevance revealed a mediation effect in the process of the warmth-focused messages (identity-defining messages) affecting brand attitude. This research offers new insight into the relationships between consumers' cultural orientation, understandings of power, and identity-based consumer behavior, suggesting marketers should take those social influences and consumer diversities into account when developing the message to persuade consumers.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.112-125
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• 1998

This study is to grasp the variousness of clothing worn by elderly women with the ideal self-image by group and by finding out the characteristics of higher-image groups and lower-image group. The object of this study was a total of 488 elderly women above full 55 from an elderly women and who lived in downtown Pusan ionnaire. For statistical disposition, the analysis of factors and frequency was carried out. The results of this study are as follows : 1. As a result of the analysis of realistic self-image and ideal self-image, the realistic self-image was derived as 5 factors-voguishness, loftiness, freshness, feminality, activeness and the ideal self-image as 4 factors-activeness, loftiness, feminality, voguishness. 2. The perceptive age according to age in the realistic self -image reflects that though the 50' s percept the 50' s, the 60' s percept the 50' s and the 70' s the 60' s and also in the ideal self-image, it shows the same result. 3. The degree of satisfaction of build in the realistic self-image appeared that the 50's unsatisfied, the 60's and the 70's felt so, and in the ideal self-image, the 50's and 60's unstisfied, the 70's so. 4. The ideal image according to age in both the realistic self-image and the ideal self-image of clothing appeared that all the 50' sand 60' s wanted a good impression and the 70' s wanted a gentle impression. 5. The frequency of doing a make-up by age in all elder women according of the realistic self-image of clothing showed that the case of doing a make-up when going out only was the greatest number and also in the ideal self-image, it agrees to the same.