• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.22-31
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to develop CD-ROM so that students can understand 8051 Microprocessor unit easily in electronics circuit practice subject of technical high school. The study gives students, who have difficulties in learning, a chance for self-directed and supplementary learning by suggesting interface process with 8051 Practice Kit. To achieve these purposes, literature survey, collecting textbooks and materials, development of CD-ROM were gradually carried out. Each steps were as follows: Firstly, in literature survey, concepts and characteristics of multimedia and application to class were reviewed. Secondly, text contents on 8051 Microprocessor unit were analyzed, main contents were extracted and graphic, sound, animation were made. It was consisted of eight basic learning subjects, and designed to flow systematically. In this study, we presented a kind of teaching-learning material by developing CD-ROM in 8051 microprocessor unit in electronics circuit practice subject as a central matter. This material will be able to help technical high school students in learning

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.231-242
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects empowerment has on a lifelong educator's job satisfaction and organizational commitment. This study was implemented to amass and analyze the data from 160 Daejeon district's lifelong educators using SPSS 20.0. The statistical analysis was conducted with the following measures: frequency analysis for demographic characteristics, descriptive analysis, factor analysis with Varimax rotation for the validity of the measured variables, Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the reliability of the internal consistency between the variables, and Pearson's correlation coefficient to confirm the relevance between the variables. Our hypothesis was then verified through regression analysis. Our research results showed that, first, the level of empowerment differed depending on such factors as gender, age, education level, employee type, work hours, and monthly income. Second, empowerment was shown to have a significant influence on job satisfaction, where higher empowerment levels led to higher job satisfaction. Third, empowerment was a significant factor in increasing organizational commitment, as higher empowerment levels led to higher commitment. Therefore, this study reflected on the concept that empowerment was needed by lifelong educators, thus showing that enhancing job satisfaction and organizational commitment by developing the personal abilities of a lifelong institution educator is favorable to the institution's development and success.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2017

A lot of piping systems have been used from nuclear power systems to water supply systems. The maintenance of the piping systems is needed to ensure proper operation of the piping systems. Failure of the large pipe systems especially such as KDHC(Korea District Heating Corporation) can be a matter directly related to the enterprise productivity and profitability. It can also lead to very important issues in promoting public safety and convenience. Therefore a method of quick and safety repairs have been emerged as the most important problem. In this study, freezing seal isolation method using liquid nitrogen cryogenic refrigerant was developed for the maintenance of a pre insulated heat transport pipe of KDHC with a diameter of 300 mm. In this study, by employing computational analysis techniques we performed the flow and heat transfer analysis for the targeted pre insulated heat transfer pipe and freezing seal jacket(ice-Plug) and have selected for optimal system. The detailed design model based on the results of the computational analysis finally was produced. A laboratory-scale test apparatus were designed and the freezing seal isolation self-test carried out. Also the performance assessment tests in the test bed of KDHC were carried out for on-site application.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.57-74
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• 2000

This study is conducted to compare how the Western.Oriental medical practitioners and health professionals perceive reciprocal development strategies respectively of Western.Oriental Medicine in Korea. A total of 3,273 persons were questioned by direct distribution, e-mail, and mail with a self-developed questionnaire. Of those questioned, 362 responded (the response rate of 11.1%), and of them n persons (Western medical practitioners 206, Oriental medical practitioners 90, and health professionals 64) were analyzed with SPSS for Windows. The results were as follows： The need for legislation on the mutual development system for Western.Oriental Medicine was recognized by 66.9% (218 persons) of respondents. Among them, largest group who agreed with this need was the health professionals. Western medical practitioners chose the "the difference of approach methods on the diseases between Western.Oriental Medicine" as their response, and Oriental medical practitioners ＆ health professionals selected "the indifference or bias of Western medical practitioners"as the reasons for the inactivity in developing a mutual system of Western.Oriental Medicine. Therefore, Western medical practitioners and health professionals selected the category of "the reformation of educational system", while Oriental medical practitioners selected the category of "the activation of joint research on Western.Oriental medical care" as the most important condition for setting a precedent. Also, Western medical practitioners preferred "cooperative health care system for Western medical care supported by Oriental medical care", but Oriental medical practitioners and health professionals preferred “cooperative health care system of Western.Oriental medicine on equal terms" In conclusion, Western '||'&'||' Oriental medical practitioners have to make every effort to close the gap between differing views through mutual understanding and respect if joint research of Western.Oriental medical care is to become a reality. The government should continuously enforce the health policy on development of a legal and systematic infrastructure for mutual development strategy of Western.Oriental Medicine in Korea.strategy of Western.Oriental Medicine in Korea.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.140-148
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• 2015

Vaccination is the most powerful and useful preparation against infectious diseases. However, developing vaccines costs a lot and requires extensive long-term efforts. Therefore, the government should research and develop vaccines with a national-level policy. To greatly enhance the success rate of vaccine development, the policy should be set up considering priorities such as the current status of domestic research, the importance for public health, the urgency of research. The Delphi technique was utilized to draft this survey, through a brainstorming stage, then two inquiries, and finally the final panel meeting where unresolved items were discussed, to draw the conclusion. Among the results, firstly, the highest ranked item on centralized fields for vaccine development by the Ministry of Health was 'self-sufficiency of vaccines.' Secondly, 'emerging infectious disease' was most highly ranked in prioritized fields of vaccine development and research. Thirdly, for the vaccine that needs to be improved and developed further by the government to improve its efficacy and safety, BCG (Bacille de Calmette) for tuberculosis was ranked the highest on both types (intradermal and subcutaneous injection) from National Immunization Programme (NIP) and non-NIP. As for the high risk pathogens, 'anthrax' and 'smallpox' were first and second, consecutively. Lastly, 'development and control of vaccine candidates' was ranked the highest for the area in need for technique development in order to improve domestic vaccine's research level. The results of this study will be put to good use as basic data for the national vaccine research and development (R&D) policy of the country. This study was first step and more studies should be carried out for the final decision of the national vaccine R&D priority.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.120-130
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• 2002

This study was attempted to identify and compare in developing a health promotion program for extending healthy life expectancy of the middle-aged women and protecting health of women in the vulnerable class by comparing and researching life-style and actual conditions of health for the middle-aged women in rural and urban areas. Subjects of this study were 160 middle-aged urban women in Seoul city and chongju city and 155 middle-aged rural women in rural community goisangun. For collecting data, questionnaire was performed with structured questionnaires was used to know their actual conditions of health and life-style. Findings of this study were as follows. 1. In comparing life-style of the urban middle- aged women with the rural community, the percentage of regularly checked-up were higer urban women (46.4%) than the rural women (35%); women who have not checked up were 21.3% and 11.4% in the rural community and cities respectively, but it had a statistically significant difference (p=0.009). For the types of checkup, the rate of uterine cancer checkup than that of breast cancer self-examination or cholesterol test was higher both in the rural community(75.6%) and cities(77.4%). 2. The results of comparing actual conditions of the middle-aged women in the rural urban area were as follows; the recognition of health of the urban women was 'Very healthy (7.2%),' 'Healthy (35.5%),' 'Moderate (46.5%),' and 'Not healthy (10.3%), while the recognition of the rural women was 'Very healthy (2.5%),' 'Healthy (30.0%),' 'Moderate (36.3%),' and 'Not healthy (30.6%)'. These results showed a statistically significant difference (p=.000). Women having any problems in health were 48.1% and 36.8% in the rural and the urban respectively and it had a statistically significant difference (p=.042). For the most of health problems, arthritis accounted for 29.4% in the rural community and arthritis and constipation accounted for 21.3% in the urban. According to findings of this study, it can be concluded that rural women had more health problems, felt they were not healthy themselves and were checked up regularly less than the urban women, and their health care was poor. Therefore, more effective nursing intervention plans should be designed to enhance the performance level of health promotion for rural women.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.159-172
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• 2020

Social networking services (SNS) are developing significantly with the Internet and smartphones. It's a friendly social media, but if you think deeply about it, you'll find that it has a variety of faces. It is a communication tool between users, a medium for delivering information, an infrastructure for providing applications, and a community where people with common interests gather. In recent years, business tools, shopping and payment methods are also being swallowed. The influence of the spread of SNS on the real world is also expanding, and the work being dealt with from a sociological perspective is also increasing. Also, if you pay attention to the technical aspects of SNS, it is composed of various technical elements, such as infrastructure that handles large-scale access, user interface that supports comfortable use, and big data analysis to understand people's behavior more deeply. However, I usually use it as usual. However, if you look through SNS, you can see that the situation is surprisingly profound and multifaceted. This study began by looking at the history and current status of SNS and attempted to find its status through comparison with other media. From the point of view of relationship with society, it can be a risk and legal issue when using SNS, such as crimes using bad social media or social media. It is also necessary to comment on the activities on SNS or the guidelines established by the operators. Therefore, various legal issues on SNS will be discussed. Also, as an example of using SNS, I will introduce an example of using SNS in disaster response. From a more technical point of view, you will receive commentary on SNS's network-based technology and SNS's information use, and these articles will help you understand and use SNS safely and help you further utilize or develop SNS.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.118-125
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• 2014

This study purposes to historical approach the formation process of Nature-Study, and to re-evaluate its definition and direction at present. The idea of Nature-Study originated from Campanella, Ratke and Comenius, who emphasized real things. The idea developed through Object Lessons of Sheldon, the Natural History of Agassiz, and Progressivism of Parker. They acted as the main contributors who evolved the idea of Nature-Study and its core fields that involve: 'studying with real things' in Object Lessons which brought the methodical aspects to the idea, 'studying with nature' from Natural History that enhanced the content characteristics and 'learner-centered education' from Progressivism, which impacted the philosophical aspects. Straight (a fellow student of Agassiz) was a teacher for Sheldon Oswego normal school and Parker's Cook County normal school, who synthesized the fields together and paved the way for the formation of Nature-Study. Jackman of Cook Country normal school established Nature-Study as a school curriculum and Bailey and Comstock of Cornell University formed the American Nature-Study Society and as a result, Nature-Study started to gain popularity. However, many educators increasingly rejected Nature-Study as a unifying topic, and preferred the use of textbooks rather than firsthand experiences. This hindered the nature-study movement and it declined since the 1920s. But today, the Nature-study idea can play a huge role in developing science education, inclusive education centered nature, self-initiated retrieval, sympathy with nature and character building of students.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2016

This study explored the cognitive characteristics and learning needs of economically disadvantaged gifted students. Gifted students(n=99), economically disadvantaged gifted students(n=43), and non-gifted students(n=50) participated in intelligence and creativity tests, and took self assessments of meta-cognition, epistemological beliefs, learning style preferences, and personal time usage. Superior abstract reasoning ability of economically disadvantaged gifted students was found because their scores on Raven's Test had risen rapidly compared to the other groups. Economically disadvantaged gifted students showed similar high scores as the gifted student on the Torrance Tests of Creativity Thinking-Figural, but not on Verbal. They were found to have a perception of the positive relationships among effort, learning abilities, and values of learning integrated knowledge with a general plan. However, they showed lower meta-cognitive control abilities than the gifted students in learning management and strategies, epistemological beliefs in value of rational operations, and time usage for learning. It is necessary to assign economically disadvantaged gifted students a task with various step by step methods of approach because these students prefer a new and creative task to difficult ones. Instruction plans such as developing language and meta-cognitive abilities and practical application of learning content was proposed.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.47-63
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• 2010

Objective : The objective of this study was to survey the job-related empowerment and job satisfaction of 119 emergency medical technicians provide emergency patients with first aid, to examine the correlation between their empowerment and job satisfaction, and to provide basic materials for developing programs to enhance 119 emergency medical technicians' empowerment and job satisfaction. Methods : The survey was conducted with 249 119 emergency medical technicians working at fire stations in an area of Gyeonggi-do during the period from June 26 to August 21, 2009. Using SPSS 14.0 program, we obtained frequencies percentages, means, and standard deviations, and performed independent two sample t-test, one way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Results : 1) The mean score of the subjects' empowerment was 3.32, and that of their job satisfaction was 2.94. 2) As to difference according to general characteristics, no statistically significant difference was observed in empowerment but job satisfaction was statistically significantly different according to gender(t = 2.296, p = .023). 3) As to difference according to job related characteristics, empowerment was significantly different according to license type(F = 3.767, p = .011), and job satisfaction was statistically significantly different according to position(t = 3.222, p = .042), fire fighting experience(t = 2.689, p = .035), and first aid experience(t = 3.991, p = .007). 4) Empowerment was in a positive correlation with job satisfaction(r = .502, p = .000) in general, and by the sub areas of job satisfaction, the correlation with empowerment was high in order of job itself(r = .695, p = .000), interaction area(r = .493, p = .000), organizational demand area(r = .328, p = .000), working condition area(r = .153, p = .015), and wage area(r = .137, p = .031). By the sub areas of empowerment, the correlation with job satisfaction was high in order of significance(r = .424, p = .000), influence(r = .397, p = .000), competence(r = .372, p = .000), and self determination(r = .259, p = .000). Conclusion : The 119 emergency medical technicians' empowerment was in a high correlation with their job satisfaction, and had a strong effect on it. This suggests that 119 emergency medical technicians' job performance can be enhanced by improving their empowerment. These results are expected to be useful in making human resource management plans to enhance 119 emergency medical technicians' job satisfaction by empowering them.