• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.314-321
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• 2002

An endoscope is usually inserted into the human body for the inspection of the gullet, stomach, and large intestine (colon) and this may cause discomfort to patients and damage to tissues during diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. This situation necessitates a self-propelling endoscope. There are many kinds of mechanism to move in a rigid pipe. However, these methods are difficult to apply directly to the endoscope. The main reason is that human intestine cannot be considered as a uniform, straight, and rigid pipe. This paper proposes a flexible loop wheel mechanism, which is adaptable to the human intestine. This mechanism is designed and fabricated by a simple modeling, and tested by an experiment. Finally, the actuator is inserted into the pig colon.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 1993

Early generations of products had little to no inherent capability to test themselves. The technologies involved often required only visual inspection and limited probing to troubleshoot the system once it was turned over to maintenance personnel. However, as the complexity of military and commercial systems grew, symptoms of failure became less noticeable to the operator. Therefore, the procedure to access, inspect, repair and replace a component became complicated, the requirements for personnel skill and testing equipment increased. and it took too long of a time to maintain a system. Meanwhile, the need for availability became more mission-critical and maintenance become very expensive. The obvious solution was to design in-system circuits or devices to self-test the primary system, the Built-In-Test(BIT) was born. This approach has continued right on up through present systems and is an integral part of systems now being designed. The object of this paper is to present a state-of-the-art research for filtering out the BIT diagnosis mistakes using Bayesian analysis and develop the algorithm for Redundant systems with BIT to improve BIT diagnosis.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.2307-2310
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• 2005

A pressurizer is one of the major safety related equipment of nuclear power plants. In order to inspect and maintain the internal structures of a pressurizer, jumpers have to enter the pressurizer, in spite of the high dose exposure. Therefore, a tele-operated robotic manipulator has been developed, which consists of four parts with 2DOFs arms, a gripper, base frame, and control console. The task of this robotic manipulator is to extract the damaged electric heaters and inspect the internal structure of the pressurizer. The gripper hanging from the manipulator approaches the heaters and extracts the damaged heater by using a self-locking mechanism. In order to investigate the structural stability of the robotic manipulator, a stress analysis has been performed by using the ANSYS code. The results of this paper include the position control and vibration control of robotic gripper and the development of processing visual information for a vision sensor.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.445-448
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• 2006

The effects of surface roughness on a spatially-developing turbulent boundary layer (TBL) were investigated by performing direct numerical simulations of TBLs over rough and smooth walls. The Reynolds number based on the momentum thickness was varied in the range $Re_{\theta}=300{\sim}1400$. The roughness elements used were periodically arranged two-dimensional spanwise rods, and the roughness height was $k=1.5{\theta}_{in}$, which corresponds to $k/{\delta}=0.045{\sim}0.125$. To avoid generating a rough wall inflow, which is prohibitively difficult, a step change from smooth to rough was placed $80{\theta}_{in}$ downstream from the inlet. The spatially-developing characteristics of the rough-wall TBL were examined. Along the streamwise direction, the friction velocity approached a constant value and a self-preserving form of the turbulent stress was obtained. Introduction of the roughness elements affected the turbulent stress not only in the roughness sublayer but also in the outer layer. Despite the roughness-induced increase of the turbulent stress in the outer layer, the roughness had only a relatively small effect on the anisotropic Reynolds stress tensor in the outer layer. Inspection of the triple products of the velocity fluctuations revealed that introducing the roughness elements onto the smooth wall had a marked effect on vertical turbulent transport across the whole TBL. By contrast, good surface similarity in the outer layer was obtained for the third-order moments of the velocity fluctuations.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1988.10a
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• pp.353-359
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• 1988

In this paper, the design and implementation of a multi-processor based die bonder machine for the semiconductor will be described. This is a final research results carried out for two years from June, 1986 to July, 1988. The mechanical system consists of three subsystems such as bonding head module, wafer feeding module, and lead frame feeding module. The overall control system consists of the following three subsystems each of which employs a 16 bit microprocessor MC 68000 : (i) supervisory control system, (ii) visual recognition / inspection system and (iii) the display system. Specifically, the supervisory control system supervises the whole sequence of die bonder machine, performs a self-diagnostics while it controls the bonding head module according to the prespecified bonding cycle. The vision system recognizes the die to inspect the die quality and deviation / orientation of a die with respect to a reference position, while it controls the wafer feeding module. Finally, the display system performs a character display, image display ans various error messages to communicate with operator. Lead frame feeding module is controlled by this subsystem. It is reported that the proposed control system were applied to an engineering sample and tested in real-time, and the results are sucessful as an engineering sample phase.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.123-131
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to define the job description for food safety specialist, and to describe the duties and tasks of the job based on the detailed analysis of specific food safety work performed by dietitians. The job analysis was 8 professional panels and a Developing A Curriculum(DACUM) facilitator. The research was done in order to fully define the task element, process, and sequence of a food specialist and was completed by DACUM analysis. The job definition of food safety specialist is one who manages food safety through analysis, safety evaluation, inspection, and hazard blocking in all processes related to the purchase, distribution, storage, manufacture, and marketing of foods and food materials. The job description on the DACUM research chart for food safety specialist contained 7 duties and 79 tasks. Its duties were defined as the specific and independent work of a food safety specialist, and were composed of 7 duties, i.e. hazard analysis of foods and related affairs, safety evaluation of purchased food materials, safety management of food/food materials distribution/storage, safety management of food manufacture, safety examination of food marketing, administration affairs on food safety, and self-development. For the future, this study suggests a curriculum, that shall be basis of program planning and food safety operation for subjects within many schools.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2016

The main target in this paper is the localization of VME Type EPSM in Generator Exciter(EX2100) System. Developed EPSM has the compatibility with the existing product in the structure and shape and electrical feature and so on, but it has a much improved capacity and reliability in comparison with origin company product. this paper, to improve these functions, put emphasis on protection, monitoring, power capacity increase(over 120%), an enlarged scale of input voltage supply, AC/DC dual voltage use and so on. After manufacturing product localization, it was carried out several tests for the performance and reliability verification of developed product. These tests were performed in Authorized Inspection Agency(KTL) and field application test and maker self-test were additionally performed. Finally, the results of all tests were "success".

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.78-87
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between nursing error experience, coping behavior and job stress in operating room. Methods: A descriptive research design was used in this study. The participants were 228 operating room nurses in G city who surveyed between October 25 and November 25, 2017 using self-report questionnaires. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS/WIN 24.0/AMOS WIN 24.0 Program, which determined frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient, and structural equation model. Results: There were significant positive correlations between six sub-categories of nursing errors and job stress. We found negative correlations between coping behavior and job stress. There was a mediating effect of active coping between knowledge of nursing error and job stress. We found passive coping between inspection & monitoring related error and job stress. Conclusion: Study findings suggest that adequate education and the improvement in hospital environment and system should be required to reduce the nurses' job stress related to the patients' safety in operating room.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.399-414
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review and identify factors relevant to workplace bullying in nursing. Methods: Twenty-three studies that met the criteria were selected from a sample of twenty-six studies. These articles were retrieved from a central literature databases (N=13,241). The total correlational effect size (ESr) for each related factor was calculated from Fisher's Zr. A funnel plot inspection (similar to scatter plot) with a trim-and-fill method was used to assess the publication bias of the meta-analyzed studies. Results: From the systematic review, fifty-one factors were identified as having an influencing effect. Fourteen factors (five individual and nine organizational factors) were eligible for meta-analysis. The individual factors included, self-esteem (ESr=-.31), psychological capital (ESr=-.26), and marital status (ESr=-.06) which were significantly correlated with workplace bullying. Organizational factors included, organizational tolerance (ESr=.48), supervisor incivility (ESr=.47), job stress (ESr=.46), group morale (ESr=-.36), group support (ESr=-.35), supervisor leadership (ESr=-.35), group identity (ESr=-.33), and structural empowerment (ESr=-.27). These factors were significantly correlated with workplace bullying. There were no publication biases except for both individual and organizational factors. Conclusion: Organizational factors have more of an greater impact than individual factors on workplace bullying. The results of this study support the need for intervention at the organizational level.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.407-414
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• 2020

Thermal decomposition of the uranyl phosphate mineral phase meta-ankoleite (KUO₂PO₄·3H₂O) has been considered in relation to high temperature thermal sintering for the immobilisation of a uranyl phosphate containing waste. Meta-ankoleite thermal decomposition was studied across the temperature range 25 - 1200℃ under an inert N₂ atmosphere at 1 atm. It is shown that the meta-ankoleite mineral phase undergoes a double de-hydration event at 56.90 and 125.85℃. Subsequently, synthetically produced pure meta-ankoleite remains stable until at least 1150℃ exhibiting no apparent phase changes. In contrast, when present in a mixed waste the meta-ankoleite phase is not identifiable after thermal treatment indicating incorporation within the bulk waste either as an amorphous phase and/or as uranium oxide. Visual inspection of the waste post thermal treatment showed evidence of self-sintering owing to the presence of glass former materials, namely, silica (SiO₂) and antimony(V) oxide (Sb₂O₅). Therefore, incorporation of the uranium phase into the waste as part of waste sentencing and immobilisation via high temperature sintering for the purpose of long-term disposal is deemed feasible.