• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.155-162
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• 2020

We extracted the meaning of educational experience of the parents who moved to rural village for their children's education. While moving to the cities for the childen's education is general trend, moving to the rural village for the children's education is peculiar phenomenon. For the study, in-depth interviews were conducted with six parents who moved to rural village, and the statements were analyzed by the phenomenological analysis method of Colaizzi. As a result, thirty themes, eight theme clusters, and three meaning categories were extracted. Three categories which characterize the experience of parents who moved to rural village for their children are 'longing for nature-friendly life in rural area', 'positive experience of communication and empathy with neighbors', and 'children's happiness-centered education'. Eight theme clusters are 'dislike confined environment of an apartment', 'positive experience of childhood in the countryside', 'value direct and indirect experiences of variety', 'free and stimulating environment of countryside', 'experience of communicating and empathizing with neighbors','regret private education caused by parents' greed', 'value child centered education', 'yearn for the self-directed learning around character and art-physical abilities'. Based on the result, implications were discussed and follow-up studies were suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.147-157
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• 1992

The fragile X syndrome, which is considered to be synonymous with the Martin-Bell syndrome, is a relatively common form of X-linked mental retardation. The syndrome seems to occure in many different ethnic groups and its prevalence among mentally retarded males has been estimated to be in the order of 2 to 6%. The karyotypic hallmark of the syndrome is made up with a pronounced constriction near each tip of the long arm of the X chromosome(fragile site), shown in vitro only under conditions in which thymidylate production is blocked(lowered folate levels). Special culture media are needed to demonstrate this constriction site. Major clinical features associated with the syndrome include macroorchidism, large or prominent ears, significant emotional and behavioral dysfunctions such as hyperactivity, self-injury, lack of eye contact and social interaction, schizophrenia, autism, etc., and speech and language dysfunctions ranging from nonverbal to verbal speech with moderate to severe expressive language delays. Some have minor clinical features in common such as an increase in birth weight high forehead, prognathism, increased head circumference in infancy and childhood which did not persist into adult life. The recent research findings have shown that the fragile X syndrome is associated with infantile autism. Many patients with the fragile X syndrome fulfill the diagnostic criteria for infantile autism. Therefore it is recommendable that any patient with developmental delays and autism or autistic manifestations should have a chromosomal analysis, including fragile X examination. In the present review, historical aspects, incidence, and clinical features are presented. Recent anecdotal reports of the association with autism and the clinical improvement following high dose folic acid treatment will be discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 2003

Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder of childhood and among the most prevalent chronic health conditions affecting school-aged children. Children with ADHD experience significant functional problems, such as school difficulties, academic underachievement, troublesome interpersonal relationships with family members and peers, and low self-esteem. The most widely used pharmacological treatments for ADHD are psychostimulants, such as methylphenidate and amphetamine salts. These medications provide clinical efficacy by increasing the availability of catecholamines, primarily dopamine, in the frontal lobe of the brain. immediate-release(IR) formulations of sychostimulants were among the most effective psychotrophic medications in the psychopharmacological treatment. However, there are some limitations of IR formulations：the short half-life and duration of efficacy, which result in the need for multiple daily dosing and the poor compliance. These limitations have led to the development of once-daily, extended-release(ER) formulations of methylphenidate and amphetamine salts. However, these ER formulations may not be as immediately helpful to ADHD children due to delayed onset of action and the acute tolerance which is the failure to sustain the efficacy with the same concentration of drug as the initial stage of medication. OROS-methylphenidate(Concerta$^{\circledR}$) given once a day produces an ascending-pattern plasma drug level generated by the osmotically released, timed drug-delivery system. These new formulations of the psychostimulants have been shown to be a useful alternative to old stimulant medications through the evidence by the clinical trials.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.104-117
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• 2004

Objectives: To propose the basic data for the development of the optimum health promotion program (HPP) for the workers in a petrochemical industry complex. Methods: The subjects were 553 workers who worked at the six plants in a petrochemical industry complex. From February to March 2003, questionnaire survey was conducted by the nurses with occupational health specialty about the life styles, interests, self-cognitions, practices of health behavior, subjective symptoms thought to be related the working environments, burden to the own health, needs and intentions to participation of the HPP. Data analysis was done using SPSS program (ver 10.0) with ${\alpha}=0.05$ of statistical significance. Results: The mean age and tenure of the subjects were 39.7 years and 14.2 years, respectively, and proportion of smokers was around 50%. Two of third (66%) satisfied their own job, and 58% recognized themselves healthy. The most frequent health behavior were exercise (60%) and regular health check (87%) in individual and job based, respectively. About half of them (58%) had at least one of the symptoms thought to be related the working environments, and the most frequent one was odor (21%). These symptoms were more frequent in case of the shorter career. The needs of HPP was relatively higher in exercise (66%), cancer prevention (51%), stress control (47%), and intention to participation was also the highest in exercise (64%). Job satisfaction was higher in case of the higher interests and cognitions to their own health, and thought that the ownership's interest to workers' health be high (p<0.01), but no associations with the subjective symptoms. The mean level of burden to the own health were $14.1{\pm}13.9$ of physical, $11.7{\pm}13.6$ of emotional, $9.1{\pm}10.7$ of behavioral as out of one hundred. They felt the more burden in case of office workers, the lower interests and cognitions to their own health, the lower satisfaction to their job, the frequent drinking group, and complained the subjective symptoms (p<0.05). Abnormal results of the regular health check was higher in the frequent drinking group (p=0.083). Conclusions: For the optimum HPP for the workers in the petrochemical complex, the ownership's interest to workers' health would be enhanced, and the priority would be focused on exercise and drinking habits control.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 1996

This research was designed to find out what is a distictive feature of the design elements of Korean women's costume and its influence by analizing the trend of Korean women's constume during the period of 1890 and 1995. The research was analized by a total of 854 random samples of clothing styles collected from materials in the museums and from articles of three leading newspapers and one of the best women's magazines in Korea. The changing trend of Korean women's costume was found out to be as follows: 1. In around 1910s, the trend of Korean women's costume has been changed into two-tier structure of both Korean and Western styles, and the typical and traditional Korean women's street wears such as 'Chang-ot' and 'Tsdechima' have been gradually diminished. 2. From 1920s, length of the Korean skirt, which was unnecessarily long and inconvenient, has been getting shorter for the convenience of walking. In addition, Korean women's underwear has become simplified, and sports wear could be seen for the first time in Korea. 3. During 1960s, the Western clothing styles have been increased rather than Korean styles as the street wear of the Korean women. 4. In 1970s, blue jeans, mini-skirts and casual wears have become a trend or fashion for women in Korea. 5. In 1980s, a fashion of unisex mode has arrived in this country, and from the year of 1987, wearing of panties among the Korean women has been increased rather than skirts wearing for the street wear. 6. During 1990s, various forma of complex styles came into being in such styles as so-called 'orange class style,' 'protruding navel T-shirts' and 'runner wear speedy.' From mid-1990s, Korean women have turned out to prefer the cute and light costumes by placing emphasis on the image of intellectual, professional and functional wears. The changing special feature of the Korean women's clothing designs could be distinctively observed during 1960s as the modernization policies in Korea have been processed during the period. The clothing trend before 1960 was to change and to solve problems of inconvenient and impractical wears, but the trend after 1960 was seen as a change to confirm a trend of the world fashion. From mid-1990s, however, preference of Korean women's self-conceited conception socially and an unquestionable changing pattern of Korean women's life.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.197-220
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• 1997

The lack of a comprehensive theory describing the mechanism of adaptation scientifically has been one of the limiting factors for the development of nursing intervention of patients with chronic illness. Since Roy's theory provides the general conceptual framework depicting adaptation process with structural stimuli and control mechanism, it is appropriate to understand the process of adaptation. But in Roy's theory, the propositions about cognator and regulator as control mechanisms are not clearly defined. For this reason, most of the previous researches applying the Roy's theory have disregarded the study of cognator and regulator. For the patients with chronic illness such as rheumatoid arthritis, it was reported that adaptation states were different for the same stimuli due to the difference of the control mechanism. Moreover in nursing it is important to identify the control mechanism which can be and must be intervened by nurses. It was the Lazarus and Folkman's theory that proposed the control mechanism. They suggested that individual differences in the reaction against the perceived stress are due to the difference in appraisal and coping. Therefore, the synthesis of Roy's and Lazarus and Folkman's propositions might help to clearly understand the mechanism of adaptation. From this point, a theoretical framework has been developed and tested. The subjects were the 297 patients who had been diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis and attended the outpatient clinic. A hypothetical prediction model of adaptation was tested by the covariance structure analysis with PC-LISREL 7.13. As a result, the overall fit was good($x^2$=78.83, p=0.00 ; GFI=0.96 : AGFI=0.90 ; RMR=0.04) for the hypothetical model. In the final model added GA(5, 1), the overall fit was increased ($x^2$=57.82, p=0.003 ; GFI=0.97 ; AGFI=0.93 : RMR=0.036). Except the fact that illness symptoms affected physical adaptation directly, it was supported that focal and contextual stimuli affected physical and psychosocial adaptation through appraisal and coping. Therefore, it was asserted that the synthesis of two theory's propositions was appropriate. So this model would be useful for the theoretical framework in the nursing practice. And this study synthesizing and testing the theory might contribute to establish nursing's scientific base.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.87-96
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of activity status, anxiety, depression, social support, symptom experience, and functional status in patients with lung cancer based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms. Methods: The participants for this study were 101 lung cancer patients who visited the out-patient department for treatment or follow-up at one hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from January 1 to February 8, 2013 using self-reported questionnaires and clinical records. To measure variables, the functional scale and symptom scale of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30, EORTC QLQ-Lung Cancer 13, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used in this study. The data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software for Windows. Results: The symptom experience showed more severity in patients with lower activity status, higher anxiety and depression. With lower activity status and social support, functional status was lower. When anxiety, depression, and symptom experience were higher, functional status was also lower. The significant factors predicting symptom experience were depression, anxiety, activity status, and social support, which explained 57.8% of the variance. Conclusion: These results suggest that psychological factors such as anxiety and depression had a negative influence on the symptom experience of lung cancer patients. Therefore, providing emotional support based on the patients' needs prior to providing symptom management could be a useful strategy for improving symptom experience and functional status.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.19-29
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• 2015

Nowadays, the importance of the information management of construction sites to achieve the goal of safety construction. This management uses the collaborated analysis of in-situ monitoring data and numerical analysis, especially of an earth retaining structures of excavation sites. In this paper, the fractal theory was applied to actually monitored data from various excavation sites to develop the alternative interpolation technique which could predict the displacement behavior of unknown location around the monitoring locations and the future behavior of the monitoring locations with the steps of excavation. Data, mainly from inclinometer, were collected from various sites where retaining structures were collapsed during construction period, as well as from normal sites with the characteristics of geology, excavation method etc. In the analyses, Hurst exponent (H) was estimated with monitored periods using the Rescaled range analysis (R/S analysis) method applying the H in simulation processes. As the results of the analyses, Hurst exponents were ranged from 0.7 to 0.9 and showed the positive correlation of H > 1/2. The simulation processes, then, with the Hurst exponent estimated by Rescaled range analysis method showed reliable results. In addition, it was also expected that the variation of Hurst exponents with the monitoring period could instruct the abnormal behavior of an earth retaining structures to directors or operators. Therefore it was concluded that fractal theory could be applied for predicting the lateral displacement of unknown location and the future behavior of an earth retaining structures to manage the safety of construction sites during excavation period.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.127-143
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop the clothing safety teaching/learning plan in Home Economics based on the health belief model and to examine the effects of the course using the developed teaching/learning plan on the health belief. Based on ADDIE model, 6 clothing safety teaching/learning plans were developed by applying the health belief model. They consisted of three learning factors of 'harmful substances that can be exposed during the production, wear, wash, and storage of clothes and textile products', 'environment friendly fibers' and 'natural detergents'. Then they were implemented on 7 classes in middle school located in Gyeonggi-do Province from August 20 to September 7 in 2018. The health beliefs data collected before and after the course were analyzed with paired t-test with SPSS/win. As a result, the perceived threat(combination of perceived severity and perceived susceptibility), the perceived benefit, and the self-efficacy were significantly improved. And the perceived barrier was significantly reduced. In conclusion, the home economics clothing safety education course using the health belief model was meaningful as the safety education to enable middle school students to practice safe clothing life from harmful substances. The results of this study are expected to be helpful for activating safety education in home economics.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2002

This study is a investigation research to examine total 123 children's thought, perception and coping method about measles, with 62 children who had experienced the measles and 61 good health children in the school, which had spread to a primary school in kyoungsang-bukdo province. The data collection was done from December 6 to December 8. The analysis of data was SPSS(10.0) for descriptive statistics. The data were collected from total 123 children, 62 of them who had diagnosed measles on October, 2000, when the measles had ended, were used a purposive sampling, the others who had a good health were used a convenience sampling. From three to six grade students made out directly the questionaire in the way of self-questionaire, and from one to two grade students, made out answering the question which the researcher had read the items. The researchers call back the students to complement the contents about the items inadequate answers, so they raised the reliability. The results were as follows. 1. The results of observe carefully the measles infection degree by a sex, the boys(27.4%) were sick severely compared with girls(9.7%)were sick weakly compared with the boys(27.4%)(p〈0.01). 2. The 62.9 percents of infected children by measles thought that they were infected at school, regarded the doctors as a first judge, and had caught the measles because of their fault. The results of observe carefully, 33.8 percents children of infected by measles had have a secondary vaccination. To the question whether they go to institute or not while suffering from the measles, 35.5% children didn't go there since they had heard the fact they infected the measles. 3. To a question of asking if close mend caught the measles, what will they do, 65.1% children of caught the measles answer ‘I can't meet my friend'(p〈0.001). It was significant that infected children have more interests than didn't infected children. The 22% children of didn't catch the measles take great interested in health compare with the 12.2% children of infected the measles(p〈0.05). To the question if they listen the preservation of health broadcasting, 63.4% children answer ‘I listen well’. It was significant between the infected group and didn't infect group(p〈0.05). To the question if they delivery to the written information at home, it was significant between the infected group and didn't infect group(p〈0.05). 4. The infected group of 69.1% children think the health is most important in their life school than any other they like study.