• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.323-334
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• 2013

During a hypothetical core-disruptive accident (CDA) in a sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR), degraded core materials can form roughly conically-shaped debris beds over the core-support structure and/or in the lower inlet plenum of the reactor vessel from rapid quenching and fragmentation of the core material pool. However, coolant boiling may ultimately lead to leveling of the debris bed, which is crucial to the relocation of the molten core and heat-removal capability of the debris bed. To clarify the mechanisms underlying this self-leveling behavior, a large number of experiments were performed within a variety of conditions in recent years, under the constructive collaboration between the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and Kyushu University (Japan). The present contribution synthesizes and gives detailed comparative analyses of those experiments. Effects of various experimental parameters that may have potential influence on the leveling process, such as boiling mode, particle size, particle density, particle shape, bubbling rate, water depth and column geometry, were investigated, thus giving a large palette of favorable data for the better understanding of CDAs, and improved verifications of computer models developed in advanced fast reactor safety analysis codes.

• Cement Symposium
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• no.25
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• pp.200-205
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• 1997

• 레미콘
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• no.4 s.63
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• pp.69-76
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.05b
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• pp.505-508
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• 2006

Self-leveling mortar is walkable bottom mortar which can maintain the horizontality of self fluid and have the the quick-setting quality, the low-human-effort practicable material of high-quality bottom in construction. In accordance with more adhesive strength with bottom side and absorption control, Primer is used for purpose to prevent pin-hole occurrence by self leveling mortar application prior to construction. This study is composed measurement of absorption, adhesive strength. Used material is NP-40 as nonionic emulsifying agent, uses SA-210L as negative ion emulsifying agent, uses APS, SBS as ridical initiator. A result of test, in accordance with image of Primer, as low temperature and application frequency, indicates low absorption rate and adhesive strength, as solid powder and dryness time is increse, absorption rate and adhesive strength lowly shows figure.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.37-41
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• 2024

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.87-95
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• 2016

Objective: We evaluated the effects of tooth displacement on frictional force when conventional ligating lingual brackets (CL-LBs), CL-LBs with a narrow bracket width, and self-ligating lingual brackets (SL-LBs) were used with initial leveling and alignment wires. Methods: CL-LBs (7th Generation), CL-LBs with a narrow bracket width (STb), and SL-LBs (In-Ovation L) were tested under three tooth displacement conditions: no displacement (control); a 2-mm palatal displacement (PD) of the maxillary right lateral incisor (MXLI); and a 2-mm gingival displacement (GD) of the maxillary right canine (MXC) (nine groups, n = 7 per group). A stereolithographic typodont system and artificial saliva were used. Static and kinetic frictional forces (SFF and KFF, respectively) were measured while drawing a 0.013-inch copper-nickel-titanium archwire through brackets at 0.5 mm/min for 5 minutes at $36.5^{\circ}C$. Results: The In-Ovation L exhibited lower SFF under control conditions and lower KFF under all displacement conditions than the 7th Generation and STb (all p < 0.001). No significant difference in SFF existed between the In-Ovation L and STb for a 2-mm GD of the MXC and 2-mm PD of the MXLI. A 2-mm GD of the MXC produced higher SFF and KFF than a 2-mm PD of the MXLI in all brackets (all p < 0.001). Conclusions: CL-LBs with narrow bracket widths exhibited higher KFF than SL-LBs under tooth displacement conditions. CL-LBs and ligation methods should be developed to produce SFF and KFF as low as those in SL-LBs during the initial and leveling stage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.28-33
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• 1999

한국은 국토의 약 70%정도가 산지이고 약 25%정도가 평지로 구성되어 있으며 산업화, 도시화로 인해 농경지가 줄어들고 있는 실정이다. 그래서 식량자급이 어렵게 되어 수입 의존도가 증가할 것이므로 경사지를 이용하여 농경지를 확대하여야 하겠다. 건설부 토지분류에서 전 국토면적의 경사도중 5$^{\circ}$ 미만은 약 21.1%이므로 5$^{\circ}$ 이상의 토지인 78.9%중 농경지가 가능한 경사지에 해당하는 면적에서 트랙터로 작업을 하면 작업자의 위험부담뿐만 아니라 작업의 효율이 현격히 떨어질 것이다 현재 일반 트랙터로 작업을 하는 범위는 전답, 과수 및 초지 등의 경운 및 관리용 차량으로 많이 사용되고 있다. 그런데 모든 작업의 조건이 동일한 것이 아니라 예를 들면, 경사지 작업과 같은 열악한 조건에서도 작업을 할 경우가 종종 있다 그러므로 일반형 트랙터로 작업을 하기가 힘들기 때문에 경사지용 트랙터가 요구된다. 국내에서는 거의 연구가 행해지고 있지 않은 실정이며, 국외에서는 구미 및 일본을 중심으로 활발한 연구활동이 행해지고 있다. (중략)

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 2007

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.11-18
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• 2009

When underground pipe is installed, backfill materials need proper compaction. But in case of circular underground pipe, compaction of backfill material is difficult and compaction efficiency is poor at beloe the pipe. It caused the stability of underground pipe is reduced and various damages occurred. One of the solutions to solve this problem for underground pipe is to use controlled low strength material (CLSM). CLSM is made by concept of low strength concrete, which is applied to geotechnical engineering field. The representative characteristics of CLSM are self-leveling, self-compacting and flowability. In addition, its strength can be controlled and its construction method is simple. The behavior of underground pipe was investigated by finite element analysis for various backfill materials under same condition. As a result, in case of using the CLSM as backfill material, surface settlement and displacement of pipe are reduced comparing with those in case of using field soil or sand.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.166-170
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• 1999

A ceramic floor with improved thermal conductivity and efficiency has been developed in this study. The new ceramic floor minimizes the shrinkage rate to below 0.07% and shows almost no cleavage. There is no need to repaire the ceramic floor because its bottom surface is flat. It especially shows an excellent perfomance in the test of a compressive strength ($300kg/cm^2$ based on 28 days), a flexural strength ($64kg/cm^2$ based on 28 days), and a convenient pressing. It is lighter than the present floor and it is expected to be applicable for a self-leveling ceramic motar in the residences and apartments. It shows an excellent character in the thermal conductivity and other physical properties compare to the present cement mortar.