Objectives: Previous large-scale cohort studies conducted in Korea have found a positive association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and colorectal cancer (CRC) in men only, in contrast to studies of other populations that have found significant associations in both men and women. Methods: A total of 1070 CRC cases and 2775 controls were recruited from the National Cancer Center, Korea between August 2010 and June 2013. Self-reported DM history and the duration of DM were compared between cases and controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by binary and polytomous logistic regression models. Results: DM was associated with an elevated risk of CRC in both men (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.90) and women (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.98). This association remained when we controlled for age, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and physical activity level. In sub-site analyses, DM was associated with distal colon cancer risk in both men (multivariate OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.39 to 3.00) and women (multivariate ORs, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.05 to 3.79), while DM was only associated with rectal cancer risk in women (multivariate OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.10 to 3.82). No significant association was found between DM and proximal colon cancer risk in either men (multivariate OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.88 to 2.41) or women (multivariate OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 0.78 to 4.08). Conclusions: Overall, DM was associated with an increased risk of CRC in Koreans. However, potential over-estimation of the ORs should be considered due to potential biases from the case-control design.
Periodontal diseases occur from the interplay between increased bacterial response and the response of the host immune system over time. Anxiety and depression can impair immunological defense mechanisms, causing accumulation of periodontopathogens and thus exacerbating periodontal disease. We investigated the relationship of anxiety and depression to periodontal diseases in Korean women. In this study, 3,551 women aged ${\geq}19$ years were evaluated based on data from the first year (2010) of the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The analysis of the factors that caused periodontal diseases revealed that dental floss or interdental toothbrush nonuse behaviors have been shown to increase the risk of periodontal disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14~1.95). After adjusting for conditions such as age, marital status, income, educational level, economic activity, diabetes mellitus, smoking, drinking, and frequencies of toothbrushing and interdental cleaning, we found that anxiety and depression increased the risk of developing periodontal diseases (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.04~2.09). People with anxiety and depression have a higher prevalence of periodontal diseases than people without anxiety and depression. Thus, periodic periodontal care and effective self-care education are needed to manage periodontal diseases.
This study aims to look into whether market merchant college education in Convergence to has any influence to the educational performance. For the purpose, 300 surveys were distributed to the ones who completed the course at ** city and in total 275 replies were selected out of 300. The age as of the subjects of this study suggests many of the most common are 91 people with more than 60 121 people 50s. This suggests that the age of a person engaged in the business owners have a lot of seniors. Dependant variable of this study, educational performance resulted in sales increase, help in self development with 82.4%, stronger confidence in success of business startup, overall satisfaction with the market merchant college education. Advanced studies regarding market merchant college and series of domestic and overseas documents were referred to for this study. As trait elements for market merchant college education, educational service, change intention, challenge spirit, decisive factors for customer communication were derived. Along with these elements, research model and hypothesis verifying the relationship with operational fund were established and empirical analysis and investigation was set as study objective.
A Study of the Abilities of House-keeping of Korean Female Students. We tend to have much trouble in doing house-keeping with the lack of practical experience in our daily life in this age of information because we learn more things by vicarious experiences with the help of communication media such as radio, T.V. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the education of house-keeping and teaching of home economics which are essential to female students who will become good house-wives and good members of families. In this thesis, the fundamental items of every day life such as food, costume, and home management were made out in a questionnaire with a view to evaluating the abilities of students' house keeping by these data. A random sample was taken composing of juniors and seniors with the sample size, n = 581, out of the universities and Colleges in Korea ; i.e., Yonsei Univ., Korea Univ., Ewha Univ., Sukmyong Univ., Sung Shim Womans' College (at choon chun), Duk Sung Womans' College, etc. It is to be noted that home economics majors were excluded. The results are as follows 1. Out of the total 25 fundamental items about food the average ability in the case of "I can" is only 11 items, "I have experience" 7 items, and "I have no experience" 7 items. 2. Out of the total 20 fundamental items about costume the average ability, in the case of "I can" is 4 items, and "I have experience" 8 items, and "I have no experience" 8 items. 3. Out of the total 20 fundamental items about home management, the average ability, in the case of "I can" is 5-items. "I have experienc" 8-items, and "I have no experience" 6-items. The following conclusions have been reached on the basis of the above survey : a) On the whole students are poorest at practical house-keeping. b) It is to be pointed our that female students have little experience to participate in practical house keeping every daily life c) Female students are apt to have the self-confidence that they can carry on the house-keeping well. d) One may emphasize the point which tends to be neglected in home-education : each house wife should have the ability of practical house-keeping, mutual under-standing among family members, a sense of responsibility, coorperation and services as a good member of family.
The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that are critical for successful scientific inquiry activity in the classroom and to analyze the students' abilities of 'Doing' scientific inquiry. Two hundred and forty gifted science students in grades $7^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ participated in this study and demonstrated their abilities of framing questions and designing investigation through a survey questionnaire. The survey was developed for measuring factors in terms of personal and interactive variables that are needed for 'Doing' a successful scientific. Additionally, two other questionnaires were developed to measure students' abilities of framing testable questions and designing the investigation in a sequence. The results were as follows: Students' learning motivation factors as personal variable (self-confidence about group and inquiry activity, views about inquiry value) also considered as influential for students' group inquiry activity. Other four components of interactive variable (grouping, kinds of task, physical context, and teachers' role) were found to be influential in successful students' 'Doing' group inquiry activity. In students' evaluation of group inquiry activity, the grouping factor was the most critical one for a successful 'Doing' inquiry activity. Participating students showed some level of inability of in the process of framing inquiry question and designing investigation.
Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
/
v.33
no.1
/
pp.1-16
/
2013
In this research, we tried to discover the characteristics of gifted students by analyzing their experience in showing task commitment. In order to do this, we asked science gifted students to specifically describe their experiences while deeply experimenting on a scientific cause or theory. From their responses, we inductively explored the characteristics of science gifted students by extracting and analyzing the characteristics that show task commitment. Consequentially, the characteristics of the gifted students are divided into nine categories, which are confidence, setting a challenging goal, challenging approach for solving problems, sense of potential control, loss of self-consciousness, time distortion, submission to difficult task, initiative, and endurance, all of which appear repeatedly among the gifted students. With consensus among three experts who have experience in research on gifted education, these nine characteristics can be categorized into 3 characteristics; challenge, flow, and willingness. The three characteristics such as challenge, flow, and willingness well represent a definition of task commitment. These characteristics can explain the level of task commitment exhibited by science gifted students. It is possible to develop the tool and framework for judging the task commitment of gifted students on the basis of their characteristics.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the home connected praise and encouragement program which it affects the interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being of elementary children. To achieve this purpose, 58 fifth grade students were measured based on the interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being scale. Then 29 students were placed in the experimental group while the other 29 children were placed in the control group. The experimental group participated in home connected praise and encouragement program, the control group didn't. The quantitative analysis results verifying the effects of the program were as follows: The experimental group treated by the home connected praise and encouragement program showed significant improvement in interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being compared to the control group. Follows are results from qualitative analysis. First, children have increased positive personal relations with companion, parents, teacher, and improved closeness with family by the home connected praise and encouragement program. Second, children have increased edification of self-confidence, satisfaction in school and home by them. These results supported our hypothesis that the home connected praise and encouragement program effectively improved interpersonal relationships and subjective well-being of elementary school children.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between pet ownership and asthma symptoms in Korean children. Methods: This study used data from the 8th Panel Study on Korean Children in 2015. For the final study, 1598 cases were used. Wheezing as an asthma symptom was self-reported as an outcome variable. Whether children had owned dogs or cats or not was used as an independent variable. Results: A total of 6.8% of children lived with dogs and 2.1% of children lived with cats in their homes. There were 4.0% of children who had asthma symptoms in the past year. When comparing 'children who had owned dogs for more than 12 months' with 'children who had not owned dogs', the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for 'asthma symptoms' were 1.20 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10-1.30) among male children and 2.19 (95% CI, 1.94-2.46) among female children. When comparing 'children who had owned cats for more than 12 months' with 'children who had not owned cats', the adjusted ORs for 'asthma symptoms' were 38.94 (95% CI, 35.55-42.65) among male children and 5.32 (95% CI, 4.60-6.16) among female children. When comparing 'children who had owned both dogs and cats for more than 12 months' with 'children who had not owned at all', the adjusted OR for 'asthma symptoms' was 13.22 (95% CI, 11.93-14.65), and when comparing 'children who had owned cats only' with 'children who had not owned at all', the adjusted OR for 'asthma symptoms' was 9.25 (95% CI, 8.50-10.08). Conclusions: As a result, children's asthma symptoms were higher in the case of cats than with dogs, and in the case of cats, boys were more at risk than girls. In the analysis for the risk of asthma symptoms when a dog and a cat are raised at the same time, it was statistically confirmed that the children in the home were more at risk than with single animal ownership. The results of this study can be considered to be of great importance in policy-making and for the use of educational materials in the field of environmental health.
This study was conducted to investigate the purchase patterns of processed foods and perception of school dietitians on nutrition labelling in Chonbuk area of Korea. Self-administered questionnaires were collected from a total 156 dietitians. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SPSS v. 11.5 program. The results were summarized as follows. Among the 156 school foodservice systems, 64.7% of schools were operated in conventional system and 35.3% were in commissary system. Among the processed foods, seasoning foods(98.4%) and cereal products(93.3%) were used widely in school foodservice. Among the general characteristics of schools and dietitians, the style(p<0.01), and type of foodservice(p<0.05), career, and age of dietitians respectively affected the purchasing pattern of the processed foods. Approximately 30% of dietitians responded that some fortified foods used for the meal preparation(eg. Ca-fortified yoghurt). Only 57% of dietitians who has more ten year job career was agreed with the important of fortified foods for the menu planning. Despite the levels of education of the dietitians became higher, were no relationship between the confidence on fortified foods and the improvement on health for children. About 96.2% of dietitians knew nutrition labelling of processed foods. Only 25.6% of dietitians checked nutrition labelling of processed food when they purchased these foods for school lunch. The main reason for their checking nutrition labelling of processed foods was for nutrient of products. The dietitians understanding and trust in nutrition labelling of processed foods were not high. But the half of dietitians responded that the nutrition labelling can be helpful for the purchase of processed foods in school foodservice systems. Therefore, it is necessary to activate the mandatory nutrition labelling of processed foods and to prepare its consumer education program for school dietitians.
Park, Kyungbin;Lee, Jaeho;Park, Myungsoon;Lee, Sunyoung;Chun, Miran;Ryu, Jiyoung;Ahn, Seonghun;Byun, Soonhwa
Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
/
v.25
no.2
/
pp.217-236
/
2015
The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that affected achievement of socially succeeded people, and to draw ways to improve gifted education. To do this, we interviewed 60 achievers. The interview was administrated as semi-structured deep interview about 6 areas - education, major, family and parent, personal relationship, leisure time activity, achievement and motivation of success. The results showed that achievers were active students during their school days. They thought differentiated education and student-centered lessons are important. Many achievers answered they do not have any personal mentee, and decision of majors and education should be matched with the perception of one's potential and interest. Exercises, music, and reading books were strongly suggested as leisure time activities, and the key inner factors for success were curiosity and self-confidence. Beneficiaries of gifted education perceived their experience of gifted education had a positive influence on their achievement. Based on the these results, ways to improve gifted education were discussed.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.