• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.485-493
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• 2014

This study is targeted at high school girls explore career barriers to validate the effectiveness of group counseling. Recognize and overcome barriers to careers in the process of setting and achieving career goals for the academic focus and the will to help school adjustment. Career barriers is composed of 7 sub-factors. There are lack of self-apprehension, lack of self-confidence, sex-role conflict and sex discrimination, disapproval by significant others, uncertainty about future, lack of career-related information and lack of financial support. The subjects participated voluntarily 32 girl's high school students were conducted. The study conducted by career barriers for group counseling program students than the control group students relaxed awareness of career barriers respectively. Considering these results, it can be said that the carriers barriers exploration program has an effect on decrease the whole career barriers and four subordinate areas of the girl's high school students.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.245-253
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• 1997

The methodology of the Oriental philosophy is deductive and that of the of Occidental philosophy is inductive. Therefore study on the Oriental philosophy must start from right comprehension of fundamental premise before detailed analysis. The writer studied the meaning of the cosmology which forms the basis of Sa-sang constitutional philosophy and the propriety of visceral assignment by Sa-sang constitution which forms the theoletiacal basis of Sa-sang constitutional medicine. The results are following ; 1. The cosmology of Lee jae-ma has the existent principle but don't have the side of the formative principie. 2. The cosmology of Lee jae-ma is not that searchs for the objective rule of nature but that centers around a human being by subjective understanding system. 3. The cosmology consists of four elements, that is mind(心), body(身), events(事), and nature(物). Among them mind and body means a human being, nature means the natural environment containing time and space, events means not that of nature but that of human being. 4. The mind and body as Yin-yang(陰陽) means the state which objects and self become one. 5. The mind as the Great-Absolute(太極) has the possibility of two interpretation, Firstly it means the state of the source of life which nature and human being become one, and secondly it means that the mind of a human being becomes the cosmos or the center of the cosmos. 6. In the visceral assignment by Sa-sang constitution the position of heart, the Great-Absolute in center is immanent within four viscera and the function of it is that the undifferentiated unitary organic body, after it is diffrentiated still serves as the unitary organic whole by mutual connection, adjustment, unification and supervision. 7. The Great-Absolute in center is divided into the Great-Absolute of mind and that of body. And the Great-Absolute of body consists of the heart and the system of blood vessel, that of mind means the self-consciousness(自我).

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.240-248
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• 2015

Background: Recovery from fatigue is important in maintaining night workers' health. This study compared the course of self-reported recovery after 2-week 12-hour schedules consisting of either night shifts or swing shifts (i.e., 7 night shifts followed by 7 day shifts) to such schedules consisting of only day work. Methods: Sixty-one male offshore employees-20 night workers, 16 swing shift workers, and 25 day workers-rated six questions on fatigue (sleep quality, feeling rested, physical and mental fatigue, and energy levels; scale 1-11) for 14 days after an offshore tour. After the two night-work schedules, differences on the $1^{st}$ day (main effects) and differences during the follow-up (interaction effects) were compared to day work with generalized estimating equations analysis. Results: After adjustment for confounders, significant main effects were found for sleep quality for night workers (1.41, 95% confidence interval 1.05-1.89) and swing shift workers (1.42, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.94) when compared to day workers; their interaction terms were not statistically significant. For the remaining fatigue outcomes, no statistically significant main or interaction effects were found. Conclusion: After 2-week 12-hour night and swing shifts, only the course for sleep quality differed from that of day work. Sleep quality was poorer for night and swing shift workers on the $1^{st}$ day off and remained poorer for the 14-day follow-up. This showed that while working at night had no effect on feeling rested, tiredness, and energy levels, it had a relatively long-lasting effect on sleep quality.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.179-190
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• 2015

Objective and Background: Due to increase in Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) relating to computer use, a number of ergonomics recommendations have been proposed in order to tackle this problem. However, some of these recommendations have been conflicting. Method: This study was to survey the VDT (Visual Display Terminal) use of office workers. The subjects were 452 workers at 13 places of business and the data were collected by self-administered questionnaire. Results: As a result, prevalence of self-reported MSDs of all VDT workers was 90.2% and shoulder took up 57.0% and neck 38.3% by symptom part of body. The population of computer use of more than 6h/day was 84.5%, and 33.8% also reported using the VDT 2~3h/day without the rest time. Desktop computer users were 95.6%, and a 17-inch monitor accounted for 42.0% among the desktop users. As a result of satisfaction survey on overall computer work, 21.1% of the total respondents said satisfied, desk complaint was about 24.6%, and chair complaint was 33.4%. Despite the importance of computer environment, satisfaction was from fair to uncomfortable. Conclusion and Application: In conclusion, office workers are prone to the MSDs due to their work environment. Additionally, this study found that task was a significant effect for the majority of dependent variables, and therefore, the improvement of computer workstations work environment is urgent, and the improvement of desk height adjustment, chair seat size (length, width), backrest condition, location of keyboard (mouse) and arm rest is required.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.495-508
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• 2016

This study was conducted to recognize the need for diet and nutrition education to correct body-shape and eating habits that lead to eating disorders in college students. The relationship between diet and obesity was confirmed. Approximately 405 (male 46.4%, female 53.6%) students were evaluated by questionnaire in September 2014. The statistical program SAS (ver. 4.3) was used to evaluate the Chi-squared, F and T-value. The correlation between eating disorder risk and eating habits was evaluated by Pearson's correlation. Body type recognition was classified into nine steps up the body fatty (9) to skinny (1) to show their body. Eating disorder risk (KEAT-26) was composed of F1 (attachment factors for weight loss), F2 (attachment factors for binge eating, and food), and F3 (adjustment factor to eating their will. The risk of eating disorders in male 73.4% of low risk, in female 61.3% (p<0.05). According to body mass index, underweight groups recognized in the normal weight (53.7%), normal weight group was in overweight (29.1%) (p<0.001). According to body-type, the overweight group had a higher risk of eating disorders (68.2%). The KEAT-26 showed that the overweight and obese group were high-risk in F1 & F2, while the underweight group was high-risk in F3 (p<0.001). Recognized overweight showed the dangers of eating disorders, proper recognition of body-type and body mass index required. Tendency to seek a balanced diet was associated with eating disorders, no-imposed adequate diet for nutritional education would be made. Proper nutrition education for males is needed depending on the increased incidence of male eating disorders.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.65-84
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• 2010

This study examined poor custodial grandparents' life story and care-giving experiences of their grandchildren. 8 grandparents were selected and in-depth interview and participant observation method were used. They showed a miserable life from the birth and discriminative experience of the deprivation of educational opportunities as childhood nadir experiences. They showed the regret for their inability as youth/midlife low point and financial difficulty as old life nadir experiences. In terms of care-giving experiences of their grandchildren, they showed non-voluntary care-giving, anxiety for the generational continuation of hardship, and lack of familial assistance. Poor custodial grandparents also used family-centered value, community-based social assistance, and self-assurance through their sacrifice as their adjustment strategy. Several research themes such as the importance of basic trust in childhood, the experience of financial difficulties, the importance of community-based social assistance, and self-assurance through their sacrifice were suggested for further research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.23-29
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• 1990

Non-metric camera is more profitable than metric camera for geometric analysis of small and elaborate structures, because focal length control of non-metric camera is flexible while generally metric camera has limited focal length. And if the problem of conventional method requiring much time and endeavor to measure three dimensional positions of control points will be solved effectively, it is possible to analyze very close-range photogrammetry more easily and quickly. The purposes of this study are to propose the efficiency of non-metric camera and to reduce difficulty of control survey sharply by introducing self-control survey method. For these, very close-range photographs of the small object were obtained by using non-metric camera calibrated for systematic errors and then bundle adjustment is used for analysis procedure. As a result, the superiority of non-metric camera in analyzing very close-range photographs and the application proptriety of self-control survey were proved, therefore it is expected to be able to apply to precise analysis of small structures or spearhead parts.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.6 s.208
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• pp.145-169
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• 2005

This study aimed to evaluate Comprehensive Croup Therapy Program developed for children and mothers of divorced families. The research questions were to determine first, any differences between program participants and non-participant in the areas of life wellbeing, attitude towards divorce, self-esteem, and communication skills as a result of this program; and second the durability of these effects three months after implementation of the program. The subjects of this study were 41 children and 14 mothers of the divorced families. Among them, 18 children and 6 mothers, including 5 mother-child dyads were assigned to experimental group, while 23 children and 8 mothers, including 8 mother-child dyads, to control group. Both groups received pre-and post-test evaluation but experimental group additionally received a follow-up test. The data were analyzed by t-test, Mann-Whitney U Test, Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Ranks Test and qualitative analysis. The results showed that therapy Program enhanced the life wellbeing of both child and mother participants significantly, and this effect lasted for at least for three months after the termination of the program. Second, though the effects were not statistically significant, child and mother participants' attitude towards divorce, self-esteem, and communication skills between mother and child changed positively after the program and these effects lasted for over three months.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.76-81
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• 2012

Objectives : Childhood is a critical period involving various developmental tasks that need to be accomplished. Childhood depression has overall negative implications for certain areas of development, including cognition, emotion, social skills, academic achievement, and ability to cope with stress. Yet, because depression can be "masked" by accompanying behavioral problems, early detection and diagnosis of childhood depression is somewhat challenging. In this study, using the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), we evaluated the association between children's self reports on depression and parents' assessment of children's behaviors. Methods : Subjects were recruited from the S city, a cohort comprising a non-random convenience sample of 226, 10-year-old ethnic Koreans in their fourth year of elementary school and their parents. All participants underwent several tests, including Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and K-CBCL. Results : A total of 226 children, including 166 boys (73.5%) and 60 girls (26.5%), participated in the study. The average CDI for the participants was 14.57 (SD=7.54). Two items on the K-CBCL, total scale of adjustment scale and social withdrawal problems, showed a close association with the CDI. Conclusion : Although much remains to be elucidated, after controlling for covariates, the results of this study suggested that behavioral problems observed in children may be closely associated with depression.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37A no.9
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• pp.762-771
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose an adaptive power control scheme employing a self-optimization concept in femtocell systems, in order to improve system capacity, thereby reducing call-drop probability. In the proposed scheme, each femto base station(FBS) controls individual channel's transmission power base on two parameters; the neighboring cell's transmission power for each individual channel which is delivered from a femto-gateway and the received power strength from neighboring cells which is periodically measured by means of a spectrum sensing. Adaptive adjustment of individual channel's transmission power in accordance with femto mobile station(FMS) mobility features can also reduce undesirable handovers and evenly distribute traffic load over all femtocells. In addition, the manipulative control of channel's transmission power is able to keep the system coverage and the call-drop probability within an acceptable range, regardless of density of femtocells. Computer simulation shows that the proposed scheme outperforms existing schemes in terms of the system coverage and the call-drop probability.