• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2010

콩은 식물성 단백질 및 지방의 주요 공급원이고 콩 종실에는 기능성 성분이 많이 함유되어져 있어 소비가 점차 증가하고 있지만 Lipoxygenase, Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor, $7S{\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ 단백질과 같은 성분들이 존재하는데 이는 품질과 영양가치를 떨어뜨리고 섭취시 알러지를 일으키기도 한다. 콩에서 유전적으로 이러한 성분이 결핍되어져 있는 유전자형의 선발은 품질이 우수한 콩 육종의 기초단계이다. "개척2호"와 PI506876의 교배로부터 434개의 $F_2$종자를 얻어 $F_2$종자의 일부를 사용하여 SDS-PAGE로 각각의 종자를 분석한 결과 Lipoxygenase와 Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor 및 7S의 ${\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ 단백질이 모두 결핍되어져 있는 lx1lx1lx2lx2lx3lx3titicgy1cgy1 유전자형을 가진 종자를 선발하여 $F_2$식물체로 길러 성숙 후 $F_3$종자를 수확하였다. $F_3$종자로부터 Lipoxygenase, Kunitz Trypsin inhibitor, $7S{\alpha}^{\prime}-subunit$ 단백질이 모두 결핍되어져 있음을 재확인하였으며 선발된 종자는 고품질 콩 품종 육성에 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1285-1289
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• 2018

콩[Glycine max (L.) Merr.]은 한반도와 남만주 및 중국일대가 원산지로 예로부터 식물성 단백질과 지방을 얻기 위하여 아시아 지역에서 많이 재배되었다. 최근에는 다양한 기능성 성분들이 발견됨에 따라 단순한 양질의 단백질 공급원의 역할을 넘어 건강 기능성 식품으로 주목받고 있지만 기능성과 가공 적성 및 품질을 저해시키는 성분들도 다수 존재한다. 본 연구는 콩 및 콩 제품의 품질과 기능성을 떨어뜨리는 성분인 Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor(KTI) 단백질이 없으면서 난소화성 올리고당인 stachyose 함량이 낮은 rs2rs2titi 유전자형을 가진 노란 콩 계통을 선발하기 위하여 진행되었다. Jinyangkong ${\times}$ 15G1의 조합으로 얻어진 육종집단으로부터 rs2rs2titi 유전자형을 가진 4개의 계통(603-1, 603-2, 625, 694)을 선발하였다. 선발된 4개의 계통 $F_5$ 성숙 종자에서 KTI 단백질은 없었으며 초장은 64~66 cm, 백립중은 26.1~29.2 g으로 대립이었으며 종피색과 제색은 모두 노란색이었다. 선발계통의 stachyose 함량은 3.09~3.50 g/kg으로 RS2RS2 유전자형을 가진 대조품종들의 stachyose 함량 13.02~16.81 g/kg보다 매우 낮았다. 본 연구를 통하여 선발된 계통들은 Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor (KTI) 단백질이 없으면서 난소화성 올리고당인 stachyose의 함량이 낮은 고품질 기능성 노란 콩 품종육성을 위한 중간모본으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

본 연구는 한국재래돼지의 MC4R 유전자 내의 단일염기변이들을 규명하고 그 유전자형 효과가 유전자표지인자를 이용한 선발(Marker assisted selection, MAS)에 활용 가능한지를 검증하기 위해서 수행되었다. 한국재래돼지의 MC4R 유전자 총 염기서열을 분석하기 위해 6개의 Primer들을 이용하여 증폭산물을 생성하였으며, 염기서열분석을 통해 총 6개(c.-780C>G, c-135C>T, c.175C>T-Leu59Leu, c.707A>G-Arg236His, c.892A>G-Asp298Asn, c.*430A>T)의 단일염기변이를 발견하였다. 한국재래돼지 MC4R 유전자내의 총 6개의 단일염기변이들간의 연관불균형과 반수체 분석을 통해 단일염기변이들간의 연관성을 분석하였으며, c.-780C>G, c-135C>T, c.175C>T-Leu59Leu, c.707A>G-Arg236His와 c.*430A>T는 완전한 연관불균형을 이루고 있었고, c.892A>G(Asp298Asn) 단일염기변이만 $r^2$-value가 0.028, D'-value가 0.348로 연관불균형 정도가 매우 낮았다. c.707A>G (Arg236His)와 c.892A>G (Asp298Asn) 단일염기변이들을 선발하여 PCR-RFLP 유전자형 분석방법을 이용해 돼지 5품종간의 유전자형 빈도를 추정한 결과, c.707A>G (Arg236His) 단일염기변이는 요크셔 품종 집단에서 오직 A (His) 대립유전자를 관찰할 수 있었으며, 나머지 한국재래돼지, 랜드레이스, 버크셔와 듀록 품종에서는 G 대립유전자의 고정으로 나타났다. c.707A>G 단일염기변이와 육질형질을 484두에서 연관성 분석을 실시한 결과, 조지방, 등심 내의 수분, 육색, 적색도 그리고 황색도 등에서 유의적인 연관성을 관찰할 수 있었다. c.892A>G (Asp298Asn) 단일염기변이의 유전자형 빈도는 품종별로 차이가 났으며, A (Asn) 대립유전자의 빈도가 가장 높은 품종은 듀록으로 나타났고, G (Asp) 대립유전자의 빈도가 가장 높은 품종은 한국재래돼지로 조사되었다. c.892A>G (Asp 298Asn) 단일염기변이와 돼지 4 집단의 육질형질을 1,126두에서 분석한 결과, 등지방두께에 고도의 유의적인 효과를 관찰할 수 있었다(P<0.002). AA 유전자형을 가진 개체가 AG나 GG 유전자형을 가진 개체보다 등지방두께가 두꺼운 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 MC4R 유전자 내의 c.892A>G (Asp298Asn) 단일염기변이는 돼지의 선발개량에 유전자표지인자로서 충분한 효과가 있음을 검증하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제68권3호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2023

갈색종피와 녹색자엽을 가진 품종 및 유전자원의 성숙 종실에는 눈 건강에 유익한 루테인 성분과 항산화 효과를 가진 플라보노이드 성분이 많이 함유되어져 있다. 그러나, 렉틴, 7S α′ subunit, 리폭시게나제 및 쿠니츠 트립신 억제제(KTI) 단백질 같은 항영양 성분이 존재한다. 이러한 항영양 성분을 불활성화시키기 위하여 콩 식품 제조 및 가공시 고온 및 첨가제 처리가 필요하지만 여러 가지 단점이 수반된다. 따라서, 갈색종피와 녹색자엽이면서 성숙 종실에서 렉틴, 7S α′ subunit, 리폭시게나제 및 KTI의 4가지 단백질이 모두 부재한 tetra null 유전자형(lecgy1lox1lox2lox3ti)을 가진 계통을 선발하기 위하여 본 연구가 진행되었다. 4개의 품종과 1개의 유전자원을 이용하여 육종집단 창성을 위한 두 모본이 선발되었다. 전체 58개의 F₂ 식물체로부터 DNA 마커를 이용하여 lele 유전자형을 가진 개체가 선발된 후 갈색종피와 녹색 자엽이면서 7S α′ subunit 단백질이 부재한 F3 종자가 선발되었다. 선발된 F₃ 종자는 F₃ 식물체를 거쳐 3개의 계통으로 육성되었다. 3개의 선발 계통(S1, S2, S3)에 대하여 F₆ 종자에서 렉틴, 7S α′ subunit, 리폭시게나제 및 KTI의 4가지 단백질에 대한 유전적 부재가 검정되었다. 3개의 선발 계통은 갈색종피, 녹색자엽 및 흰색배꼽을 가지고 있으며 백립중은 26.4-30.9 g으로 대조품종인 '청자3호'의 36.0 g보다 작았다. S2 선발 계통은 백립중이 30.9 g으로 대립이며 콩에서 항영양성분으로 알려진 lectin, 7S α′ subunit, lipoxygenase 및 KTI의 4가지 단백질 모두 부재한 유색콩 품종육성을 위한 중간모본으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.385-400
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• 2018

Marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) is useful for selecting offspring with a highly recovered genetic background for a recurrent parent at early generation unlike rice and other field crops. Molecular marker sets applicable to practical MABC are scarce in vegetable crops including tomatoes. In this study, we used the National Center for Biotechnology Information- short read archive (NCBI-SRA) database that provided the whole genome sequences of 234 tomato accessions and selected 27,680 tag-single nucleotide polymorphisms (tag-SNPs) that can identify haplotypes in the tomato genome. From this SNP dataset, a total of 143 tag-SNPs that have a high polymorphism information content (PIC) value (> 0.3) and are physically evenly distributed on each chromosome were selected as a MABC marker set. This marker set was tested for its polymorphism in each pairwise cross combination constructed with 124 of the 234 tomato accessions, and a relatively high number of SNP markers polymorphic for the cross combination was observed. The reliability of the MABC SNP set was assessed by converting 18 SNPs into Luna probe-based high-resolution melting (HRM) markers and genotyping nine tomato accessions. The results show that the SNP information and HRM marker genotype matched in 98.6% of the experiment data points, indicating that our sequence analysis pipeline for SNP mining worked successfully. The tag-SNP set for the MABC developed in this study can be useful for not only a practical backcrossing program but also for cultivar identification and F1 seed purity test in tomatoes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.320-324
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• 2008

We investigated the effect of ESR gene-based selection on an improvement of litter size in the herds in real (non-experimental) conditions. The pigs were selected for three years. In the tested population the pigs were mated according to a breeding scheme where the individuals with at least one ESR-B allele were preferred in the selection. In the control group (CP; n = 140) the pigs were mated just according to a breeding scheme without knowledge of the ESR genotype. We observed a significant increase in litter size (total number of born, number of born alive and number of weaned piglets per litter) in the final tested ESR-selected population (LP; n = 184) and an insignificant increase in CP as compared with the original population (OP; n = 155). After the selection we could observe a significant increase in the frequency of allele B in LP. Frequency of the genotypes AB and BB increased in both LP and CP; the distribution of the genotypes changed significantly only in LP. An association analysis of the ESR gene effects on reproductive traits in LP showed no significant differences between the genotypes. The results of our study suggest that ESR gene-based selection can be successful also in small herds, under real (non-experimental) conditions with a respect for general breeding principles and limitations and during a short period. An examination of a larger sample population as well as an analysis of selection consequences on other traits (meat and carcass quality) could bring a more conclusive evaluation of ESR-based selection. Nevertheless, the results are encouraging especially for small breeding farms taking a perspective of better litter size improvement.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2016

The Fas (APO-1, TNFRSF6) gene known as a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily was selected for DNA marker development in Korean cattle. It is a cell membrane protein and mediates programmed cell death (apoptosis). We discovered single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within Fas gene in order to develop novel DNA markers related to economical traits at the genomic level. The sequences of whole exon and 1 kb range of both front and back of the gene were determined by direct-sequencing methods using 24 cattle. A total of 55 SNPs were discovered and we selected 31 common polymorphic sites considering their allele frequencies, haplotype-tagging status and linkage disequilibrium (LD) for genotyping in larger-scale subjects. The SNPs were confirmed genotype through the SNaPshot method (n = 274) and were examined for a possible genetic association between Fas polymorphisms and marbling score. So, the SNPs that were identified significant are g.30256G>C, g.31474C>A, g.31940A>G, and g.32982G>A. These results suggest that SNPs of Fas gene were associated with intramuscular fat content of meat quality traits in Korean cattle.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3205-3211
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• 2013

Background: Bladder cancer is the second most incident malignancy among Lebanese men. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential risk factors associated with this observed high incidence. Methods: A case-control study (54 cases and 105 hospital-based controls) was conducted in two major hospitals in Beirut. Cases were randomly selected from patients diagnosed in the period of 2002-2008. Controls were conveniently selected from the same settings. Data were collected using interview questionnaire and blood analysis. Exposure data were collected using a structured face-to-face interview questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to determine N-acetyltransferase1 (NAT1) genotype by PCR-RFLP. Analyses revolved around univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression, along with checks for effect modification. Results: The odds of having bladder cancer among smokers was 1.02 times significantly higher in cases vs. controls. The odds of exposure to occupational diesel or fuel combustion fumes were 4.1 times significantly higher in cases vs controls. The odds of prostate-related morbidity were 5.6 times significantly higher in cases vs controls. Cases and controls showed different clustering patterns of NAT1 alleles. No significant differences between cases and controls were found for consumption of alcohol, coffee, tea, or artificial sweeteners. Conclusions: This is the first case-control study investigating bladder cancer risk factors in the Lebanese context. Results confirmed established risk factors in the literature, particularly smoking and occupational exposure to diesel. The herein observed associations should be used to develop appropriate prevention policies and intervention strategies, in order to control this alarming disease in Lebanon.

• Mycobiology
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2017

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is an economically important fungal pathogen causing substantial yield losses indifferent host plants. To understand the genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of this fungus, we have developed a novel, high-resolution multi-locus microsatellite typing (MLMT) method. Bioinformatic analysis of C. gloeosporioides unannotated genome sequence yielded eight potential microsatellite loci, of which five, CG1 $(GT)_n$, CG2 $(GT1)_n$, CG3 $(TC)_n$, CG4 $(CT)_n$, and CG5 $(CT1)_n$ were selected for further study based on their universal amplification potential, reproducibility, and repeat number polymorphism. The selected microsatellites were used to analyze 31 strains of C. gloeosporioides isolated from 20 different host plants from India. All microsatellite loci were found to be polymorphic, and the approximate fragment sizes of microsatellite loci CG1, CG2, CG3, CG4, and CG5 were in ranges of 213-241, 197-227, 231-265, 209-275, and 132-188, respectively. Among the 31 isolates, 55 different genotypes were identified. The Simpson's index of diversity (D) values for the individual locus ranged from 0.79 to 0.92, with the D value of all combined five microsatellite loci being 0.99. Microsatellite data analysis revealed that isolates from Ocimum sanctum, Capsicum annuum (chili pepper), and Mangifera indica (mango) formed distinct clusters, therefore exhibited some level of correlation between certain genotypes and host. The developed MLMT method would be a powerful tool for studying the genetic diversity and any possible genotype-host correlation in C. gloeosporioides.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.1010-1021
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• 2023

Objective: Growth performance and growth-related traits have a crucial role in livestock due to their influence on productivity. This genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Pakistani dromedary camels was conducted to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with growth at specific camel ages, and for selected SNPs, to investigate in detail how their effects change with increasing camel age. This is the first GWAS conducted on dromedary camels in this region. Methods: Two Pakistani breeds, Marecha and Lassi, were selected for this study. A genotyping-by-sequencing method was used, and a total of 65,644 SNPs were identified. For GWAS, weight records data with several body weight traits, namely, birthweight, weaning weight, and weights of camels at 1, 2, 4, and 6 years of age were analysed by using model-based growth curve analysis. Age-specific weight data were analysed with a linear mixed model that included fixed effects of SNP genotype as well as sex. Results: Based on the q-value method for false discovery control, for Marecha camels, five SNPs at q<0.01 and 96 at q<0.05 were significantly associated with the weight traits considered, while three (q<0.01) and seven (q<0.05) SNP associations were identified for Lassi camels. Several candidate genes harbouring these SNP were discovered. Conclusion: These results will help to better understand the genetic architecture of growth including how these genes are expressed at different phases of their life. This will serve to lay the foundations for applied breeding programs of camels by allowing the genetic selection of superior animals.