• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.855-863
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• 2009

In this study, a beam-column junction type damper is proposed which saves the inner and outer space for the installation of damping devices and allows easy adjustment of control performance The result of the numerical analysis indicated that the displacement response and base shear of a single degree of freedom system by seismic load, El Centro 1940 was reduced with yield moment of the joint hinge and the specific yield moment ratio $\delta$ of the joint hinge existed for the optimal seismic performance. In addition, the dynamic nonlinear characteristics, effects of yielding and dependence of natural period of bi-linear system with the junction type damper is identified. The analysis of multi-degree of freedom system showed that responses of the controlled structures was reduced significantly as the number of a story increases and yield moment ratio decreases when the system is excited by seismic load and sine wave. On top of that, it was also observed that energy dissipation at the joint connected with the dampers was remarkable during excitation.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.311-321
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• 2013

In this study, to have a better judgment on the structural performance, the effects of dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) on seismic behaviour and lateral structural response of mid-rise moment resisting building frames are studied using Finite Difference Method. Three types of mid-rise structures, including 5, 10, and 15 storey buildings are selected in conjunction with three soil types with the shear wave velocities less than 600m/s, representing soil classes $C_e$, $D_e$ and $E_e$, according to Australian Standard AS 1170.4. The above mentioned frames have been analysed under two different boundary conditions: (i) fixed-base (no soil-structure interaction), and (ii) flexible-base (considering soil-structure interaction). The results of the analyses in terms of structural lateral displacements and drifts for the above mentioned boundary conditions have been compared and discussed. It is concluded that the dynamic soil-structure interaction plays a considerable role in seismic behaviour of mid-rise building frames including substantial increase in the lateral deflections and inter-storey drifts and changing the performance level of the structures from life safe to near collapse or total collapse. Thus, considering soil-structure interaction effects in the seismic design of mid-rise moment resisting building frames, particularly when resting on soft soil deposit, is essential.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2013

This study is the research appling the representative Displacement-Based Design which is the basic concept of Direct Displacement Based Design proposed by Chopra and Goel to original Reinforced Concrete moment frame and determining the thickness of retrofit Steel Jacket about the Maximum design ground acceleration, and developing the more improved Algorithm as well as program by the Retrofit Design method and Nonlinear analysis by the Performance design method before and after reinforcement appling the determined retrofit thickness. It also shows the result of the seismic performance improvement which is the ratio of seismic performance appreciation result yield displacement 19%, yield strength ratio 24%, displace ductility ratio the maximum 27% comparing Multi degree of freedom, column member of Reinforced Concrete with the performance improvement column member considering the thickness of the determined Steel Jacket. The developed Algorithm and program are easy to apply seismic design and application to the original Reinforced Concrete building, at the same time, it applicate to display well the design result of Target displacement performance level about nonlinear behavior.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2017

In this paper, the incremental nonlinear dynamic analysis is used to evaluate the seismic performance of steel moment frame structures. To this purpose, three special moment frame structure with 5, 10 and 15 stories are designed according to the Iran's national building code for steel structures and the provisions for design of earthquake resistant buildings (2800 code). Incremental Nonlinear Analysis (IDA) is performed for 15 different ground motions, and responses of the structures are evaluated. For the immediate occupancy and the collapse prevention performance levels, the probability that seismic demand exceeds the seismic capacity of the structures is computed based on FEMA350. Also, fragility curves are plotted for three high-code damage levels using HASUS provisions. Based on the obtained results, it is evident that increase in the height of the frame structures reduces the reliability level. In addition, it is concluded that for the design earthquake the probability of exceeding average collapse prevention level is considerably larger than high and full collapse prevention levels.9.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.545-566
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• 2009

Bridge columns are subjected to combined actions of axial force, shear force and bending moment during earthquakes, caused by spatially-complex earthquake motions, features of structural configurations and the interaction between input and response characteristics. Combined actions can have significant effects on the force and deformation capacity of RC columns, resulting in unexpected large deformations and extensive damage that in turn influences the performance of bridges as vital components of transportation systems. This paper evaluates the seismic response of three prototype reinforced concrete bridges using comprehensive numerical models that are capable of simulating the complex soil-structural interaction effects and nonlinear behavior of columns. An analytical approach that can capture the shear-flexural interacting behavior is developed to model the realistic nonlinear behavior of RC columns, including the pinching behavior, strength deterioration and stiffness softening due to combined actions of shear force, axial force and bending moment. Seismic response analyses were conducted on the prototype bridges under suites of ground motions. Response quantities of bridges (e.g., drift, acceleration, section force and section moment etc.) are compared and evaluated to identify the effects of vertical motion, structural characteristics and the shear-flexural interaction on seismic demand of bridges.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2017

Nonlinear dynamic analysis is performed to calculate the response of U-shaped cantilever retaining structure under seismic loading using the finite element (FE) analysis program OpenSees. A particular interest of the study is to evaluate whether the moment demand in the cantilever can be accurately predicted, because it is an important component in the seismic design. The numerical model is validated against a centrifuge test that was performed on cantilever walls with dry medium dense sand in backfill. Seismic analysis is performed using the pressure-dependent, multi-yield-surface, plasticity based soil constitutive model implemented in OpenSees. Normal springs are used to simulate the soil-structure interface. Comparison with centrifuge show that FE analysis provides good estimates of both the acceleration response and bending moment. The lateral earth pressure near the bottom of the wall is overestimated in the numerical model, but this does not contribute to a higher prediction of the moment.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.65-88
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• 2011

A new method for the seismic design of plane steel moment resisting frames is developed. This method determines the design base shear of a plane steel frame through modal synthesis and spectrum analysis utilizing different values of the strength reduction (behavior) factor for the modes considered instead of a single common value of that factor for all these modes as it is the case with current seismic codes. The values of these modal strength reduction factors are derived with the aid of a) design equations that provide equivalent linear modal damping ratios for steel moment resisting frames as functions of period, allowable interstorey drift and damage levels and b) the damping reduction factor that modifies elastic acceleration spectra for high levels of damping. Thus, a new performance-based design method is established. The direct dependence of the modal strength reduction factor on desired interstorey drift and damage levels permits the control of deformations without their determination and secures that deformations will not exceed these levels. By means of certain seismic design examples presented herein, it is demonstrated that the use of different values for the strength reduction factor per mode instead of a single common value for all modes, leads to more accurate results in a more rational way than the code-based ones.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2021

The influence of ground motions on the seismic response of utility tunnels was investigated. A series of small-scale shaking table model tests were carried out under uniform excitation in the transverse direction. Different peak accelerations of EL-Centro and Taft earthquake waves were applied. The acceleration responses, earth pressure, seismic strain, bending moment and structure deformations were measured and discussed. The results showed that the types of earthquake waves had significant influences on the soil-structure acceleration responses. However, the amplitude of the soil acceleration along the depth showed consistent variation regardless of the types of earthquake waves and tunnels. The horizontal soil pressure near the top and bottom slabs showed obviously larger values than those at other depths. In general, the strain response in the outer surface was more significant than that on the inner surface, and the peak strain in the end section of the model was larger than that in the middle section. Moreover, the bending moment at the corner points was much larger than that at middle point, and the bending moment was greatly affected by both input accelerations and seismic wave types. The opposite direction of shear deformation on the top and bottom slabs presented a rotation trend of the model structure.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2008

한반도와 그 주변에서 발생한 44개의 지진에 대한 지진원 상수들을 결정하여 그들 사이의 관계를 조사하였다. 모서리 주파수와 지진모멘트의 결정에는 Snoke(1987)의 방법을 적용하였다. 일반적으로 하나의 지진에 대하여 다른 관측소에서 결정된 지진원 상수들은 서로 다른 값을 보여 준다. 이러한 불일치는 지진원에서의 에너지 확산과 전파과정중의 감쇠 및 증폭의 방향별 차이에 대한 불충분한 고려에서 기인하는 것으로 해석된다 이러한 방향에 따른 효과를 제거하기 위하여 모서리 주파수와 지진모멘트는 평균값을 취했으며, 이 평균값으로부터 다른 지진원 상수들을 결정하였다. 이 연구에서 구한 정적인 응력강하량은 일정한 크기 이상의 지진에 대하여 지진모멘트와 무관한 경향을 보여 준다. 지진모멘트가 대략 $1.0{\times}10^{22}$ dyne-cm($M_L = 4.0$에 대응) 이하인 지진은 지진모멘트가 감소함에 따라 응력강하량이 감소하는 경향을 보여준다. 이 사실은 어떤 한계규모 이하의 지진에서 지진원 상수들 사이의 비례법칙이 깨짐을 의미한다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

국내 철골모멘트골조를 이전 KBC2005 및 현 KBC2009 기준에 따라 설계한 후 비선형동적해석을 이용하여 FEMA355F의 내진성능평가 절차에 따라 성능을 평가하였다. 그 결과 비선형정적 Push-over 해석을 이용한 역량스펙트럼법과 차이가 있었다. 특히 국내 철골모멘트골조는 약패널존을 가지기 때문에 비선형동적해석을 통해서만 보다 정확한 거동을 예측할 수 있었다. 국내 철골모멘트골조는 지반 조건 SB 또는 SC에 위치한다면 층수 및 R값에 관계없이 성능목표를 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 지반 조건 SD 또는 SE에 위치한다면 성능목표 만족 여부는 명확하지 않았다. 따라서 KBC2005나 KBC2009 어떤 기준을 사용하더라도 지반 조건이 상대적으로 좋다면 국내 철골모멘트골조는 내진성능을 충분히 확보하고 있다고 볼 수 있다.