• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.423-428
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• 2014

This study was performed to identify optimal harvesting time of ginseng seeds and to examine the effect of $GA_3$ treatment for improvement of seed stratification rate. Ginseng seeds harvested from Land race, Chunpoong and Yunpoong cultivar in July 20 were tested for stratification rate. It was shown that stratification rates of land race, Yunpoong and Chunpoong cultivar were 94.1%, 93.1%, and 82.6%, respectively. Seeds of Chunpoong cultivar harvested 10-15 days later showed a comparable stratification rate to that of Land race, indicating that late harvest of Chunpoong seeds is beneficial for the increase of stratification rate. The higher stratification rate was found in mature seeds (92.3%) than immature seeds (37.8%), both of which were harvested in July 20. Stratification rate of mature seeds harvested in July 15 was 87.5%, demonstrating optimal harvesting time of ginseng seeds with higher stratification rate is after mid-July. An exponential growth of endosperms of ginseng seeds was observed from early June to mid-June and then slow growth was observed. There was no obvious growth of embryos from fertilization to mid-August. After the this time, embryos quickly grew until late October. Thus, appropriate stratification control is essential during the period (from early September to late October) in order to optimize embryo growth and development. While no increase of stratification rate was observed in seeds treated with 50 ppm of $GA_3$, significant increases were observed in seeds treated with 100 ppm of $GA_3$. At this concentration of $GA_3$, the stratification rate of Land race, Chunpoong and Yunpoong cultivar was 95.0%, 95.3%, and 96.5%, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 1984

The average number of empty seeds per cone on the mature tree was $10.03{\pm}0.61$. The ratios of empty seeds to total seeds and to full seeds were $7.38{\pm}0.35%$ and $8.42{\pm}0.49%$, respectively in average. The number of empty seeds per cone and the ratios were varied with the site condition; fruited year, and individual tree. The contribution rates of these sources of variance to the number of empty seeds per cone were respectively 3.50%, 8.06%, and 55.41%. No correlationships were found between the amount of empty seeds in number or ratio and the cone production, and the D.B.H. of mother tree. However, both the number of empty seeds and the ratio of empty seeds to total seeds showed significant positive correlations with the number of 1-year-old cones per tree.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.372-377
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• 2017

This research was performed to develop mass propagation method of Alpine modest primrose (Primula modesta var. hannasanensis T.Yamaz.) for improving the conservation and utilization of the species. Seeds were collected on August 2011 in Jeju-city and well-selected seeds were dry-stored at $4{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$. Seed size ranged $0.44{\pm}0.07{\times}0.61{\pm}0.04mm$, and weight of 1,000 seeds was $51.78{\pm}0.021mg$. Thus the seed was classified as 'dwarf seeds'. As the result of dormancy characteristics, moisture content of freshly matured seeds increased rapidly by water-soaking treatment and seeds did not germinate at $20^{\circ}C$ for 4 weeks under the light condition. Therefore, seeds were estimated to have physiological dormancy. Germination conditions of dry-stored seeds were found to be $20^{\circ}C$ and light condition, and seeds did not germinated under dark condition regardless of all temperature regimes. Therefore, Alpine modest primrose seed was considered as photoblastic type. Percent germination (PG) and germination energy (GE) were greatly improved by soaking the seeds in $GA_3$ and kinetin for 24 hours. Especially, 200~500 mg/L $GA_3$ treatment resulted in the highest PG (95.5%) and GE (98.3%). So, chemical treatment such as $GA_3$ was thought to be a useful method for raising seedling uniformly.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.142-147
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• 2000

To establish a detection method of irradiated perilla and sesame seeds, studies were performed with pulsed photostimulated luminescence (PPSL) and thermoluminescence (TL). The PPSL photon counts of the mineral separated from irradiated sesame and perilla seeds were higher than unirradiated one and exhibited an increase with increasing irradiation dose and mineral content. Also TL intensities of minerals separated from irradiated sesame and perilla seeds increased with increasing irradiation dose. In all samples, detection was possible with shapes and maximum TL temperatures of the second glow curves showing lower regions than those of the first glow curves and correctly classified as irradiated samples. Glow curve ratios of irradiated samples were higher than 0.5. These results suggest that PPSL and TL are applicable methods for the detection of irradiated perilla and sesame seeds.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.322-325
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• 2003

Controlled hydration treatment of tobacco seeds enhanced seed performance greatly without additional materials associated with conventional osmotic or solid matrix priming technique. The seeds were hydrated by adding water to a level from 10 to 60% by 5% increments and incubated for 8 days at $25^{\circ}C$. After the treatment, the seeds were dried to the original seed moisture content under $20^{\circ}C$ for 72 hours. The moisture content of tobacco seeds equivalent to 35% by the hydration treatment gave the greatest improvement in germination rate and speed compared to untreated or polyethylene glycol (PEG) primed seeds, especially at low temperature of $15^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.177-186
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• 1980

Experiments were carried out in order to compare the sesamol contents in the methanol extracts and unsaponifiable matters from raw and baked seeds of Korean sesame and perilla by thinchrography. The oil and sesamol contents of sesame seeds were higher than those of perilla seeds. The contents of sesamol in raw and baked sesame seeds were 0.22 and 0.096% respectively in methanol extracts and 0.41 and 0.29% respectively in unsaponifiable matters. The sesame contents in raw and baked perilla seeds were 0.0022 and 0.0043% respectively in methanol extracts and not detected in unsaponifiable matters.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2011

This study was a quantitative HPLC analysis of four anthocyanins and five phenolic compounds contained in the skins, vines and seeds of the Campbell Early, Muscat Bailey A and Neo Muscat grape varieties. In the phenolic analysis, the seeds of the Campbell Early were found to contain 1.9, 1.8 and 1.6 times higher quantities of gallic acid, catechin and epicatechin relative to other grape seeds. Three anthocyanins, cyanidin, peonidin and pelargonidin, were also found to be higher in the skins of the Campbell Early relative to other grape skins. Therefore, the Campbell Early is the most useful grape variety with regard to the extraction of these six compounds from these grape seeds and skins. The free radical scavenging effects of grape seeds were also compared, and the results indicated that the Campbell Early seeds were most effective among them.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.89-91
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• 1986

Sixteen seed samples of nine vegetable crops imported from Japan were tested for plant quarantine by routine methods of seed health testing. Nineteen species of fungi including Alternara alternata were identified from the seed samples. Some species were very frequently detected in the seeds. In this experiment, Verticillium albo-atrum, V. dahliae and Macrophomina sp. from the seeds of spinach, and Cercospora capsici, Drechslera hawaiiensis and V. albo-atrum from the seeds of sweet pepper were detected for the first time, respectively. It has been reported that they had a pathogenicity on some vegetable crops in Japan and other countries. The data suggest that an epidemic damage may be occurred if the infected seeds are sown and cultivated in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1630-1630
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• 2001

NIR specroscopy is widely used today as a quantitative technique for predicting the chemical composition of various agricultural product. However there exist few application for seed quality assessment, especially for seed germinability. This study is to show the possibilities of a nondestructive estimation of germinability in radish (Raphanus sativus L) seeds. The experiment carried out on one radish cultivar (Chung Su Gung Jung, Nong Woo Bio Co., Ltd.) harvested in 1993. NIR(Foss Co.) spectral measurements were carried out on the seeds surface of flat side. The seeds after spectral measurements were planted on blotter individually and observed germination. The seeds were characterized to nongermination and germination group, which in turn grouped to normal and abnormal germination and then compared with the NIR spectra. The spectra from these seed groups were compared each other, The result suggested that NIR spectra could be applicable to determine radish seeds germinability.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2016

Soybean sprouts have been a considered a nutrient-rich vegetable for hundreds of years. To evaluate the seedlot quality of soybean sprouts grown, and to evaluate a method for reducing the presence of improper seeds in soybean seedlots, microbes associated with soybean sprout rot were isolated from samples collected. Morphological characteristics and gas chromatography profiles of the cultured fungal and bacterial strains were identified. Eight types of improper seeds were identified: purple stain(Ps), black rot(Br), seed coat black spot(Cb), wrinkled seed(Ws), brown hilum(Bh), seed coat fracture(Cf), unripe seed(Us), and brown seed coat(Bc). The improper seeds were also dipped into 15%, 20%, and 25% NaCl solutions, as well as a saturated solution of NaCl, for 1min. As the NaCl concentration increased, the number of floating improper seeds increased as well. The highest floating rates were observed for the Cf seeds.