• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.539-547
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• 1997

This study was carried out to identify how soybean seed protein concentration is influenced by climatic factors. Twelve lines selected for seed protein concentration were studied in 13 environments of North Carolina. Sensitivity of seed protein concentration, total seed protein, and seed yield to climatic variables was investigated using a linear regression model. Best response models were determined using two stepwise selection methods, Maximum R-square and Stepwise Selection. There were wide climatic effects in seed protein concentration, total protein and seed yield. The highest protein concentration environment was characterized by the most high temperature days(HTD) and the smallest variance of average daily temperature range (VADTRg), while the lowest protein concentration environment was distinguished by the fewest HTD and the largest VADTRg. For protein concentration, all lines responded positively to average maximum daily temperature(MxDT), HTD, and average daily temperature range(ADTRg) and negatively to ADRa, while they responded positively or negatively to average daily temperature(ADT), variance of average minimum daily temperature (VMnDT), and VADTRg, indicating that genotypes may greatly differ in degrees of sensitivity to each climatic variable. Eleven lines seemed to have best response models with 2 or 3 variables. Exceptionally, NC106 did not show a significant sensitivity to any climatic variable and thus did not have a best response model. This indicates that it may be considered phenotypically more stable. For total seed protein and seed yield, all the lines responded negatively to both ADTRg and VADRa, suggesting that synthesis of seed components may increase with less daily temperature range and less variation in daily rainfall.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.148-148
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• 2017

Soybean is an important economical resource of protein and oil for human and animals. The genetic basis of seed protein and oil content has been separately characterized in soybean. However, the genetic relationship between seed protein and oil content remains to be elucidated. In this study, we used a combined analysis of phenotypic correlation and linkage mapping to dissect the relationship between seed protein and oil content. A $F_{10:11}$ RIL population containing 222 lines, derived from the cross between two Korean soybean cultivars Seadanbaek as female and Neulchan as male parent, were used in this experiment. Soybean seed analyzed were harvested in three different experimental environments. A genetic linkage map was constructed with 180K SoyaSNP Chip and QTLs of both traits were analyzed using the software QTL IciMapping. QTL analyses for seed protein and oil content were conducted by composite interval mapping across a genome wide genetic map. This study detected four major QTL for oil content located in chromosome 10, 13, 15 and 16 that explained 13.2-19.8% of the phenotypic variation. In addition, 3 major QTL for protein content were detected in chromosome 10, 11 and 16 that explained 40.8~53.2% of the phenotypic variation. A major QTLs was found to be associated with both seed protein and oil content. A major QTL were mapped to soybean chromosomes 16, which were designated qHPO16. These loci have not been previously reported. Our results reveal a signi cant genetic relationship between seed protein and oil fi content traits. The markers linked closely to these major QTLs may be used for selection of soybean varieties with improved seed protein and oil content.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.247-249
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• 1997

Seed protein and oil content is important trait in the soybean. Both seed protein and oil content in this plant species is inherited quantitatively. A 68-plant $F_2$ segregation population derived from a mating between Mercury and PI 467.468 was evaluated with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers to identify QTL related to seed protein and oil content. Marker OPB12 was found to be associated with differences in seed protein content. Four markers, OPA09b, OPM07b, OPC14, and OPN11b had highly significant effects on seed oil content. By interval mapping, the interval between marker OPK3c and OPQ1b on linkage group 13 contained a QTL that explained 25.7% variation for seed oil content.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.535-542
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• 2000

Canola meal and seed are poor sources of ruminal undegraded protein (RUP). On average, canola meal and canola seed contains 35 and 14% RUP, respectively. Several protection methods are effective in reducing ruminal degradation of canola protein and in increasing RUP without affecting total tract protein digestibility. Heat (e.g., dry heat, moist heat and jet-sploding) and chemical (e.g., formaldehyde) treatments are the most common methods used to reduce ruminal degradability of canola protein. In most cases, heat treatments were found to be more effective than chemical treatments in protecting canola protein form ruminal degradation. Despite improvement in RUP content and intestinal availability of RUP, data form several studies showed little or no improvement in animal performance as a result of increasing the RUDP level of canola meal and seed.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1988

Peach seed four 의 단백질에 관한 연구를 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 일반성분중 조단백질의 함량은 20.38%였다. 염용해성 단백질의 추출율은 약 70%였으며 단백질 정제 결과 주된 분획의 수득율은 51%였다. 전기영동 결과 11개의 band가 확인 되었다. 분자량은 $14,000{\sim}110,000$사이인 것으로 나타났다. peach seed four 와 peach seed 분리물의 amino acid 분석결과 arginine, asparic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine 의 함량이 높은 것으로 나타났다. Nitrogen solubility 는 pH가 5.5일때 가장 낮게 나타났다.

• Plant Resources
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 1998

Soybean is an important crop because its seed has very high protein relative to others. The quality of soy protein is limited by the concentration of the sulfur-containing amino acids in the amino acid profile. Among the supply of various forms of 0.4mM sulfur as S nutrition during seed fill. only 0.4mM L-methionine can inhibit ${\beta}$-subunit synthesis completely and produce the highest glycinin-containing seeds. Compared to 0.4mM sulfate control, seeds supplied by 0.4mM L-methionine have lower ${\alpha}$-, no ${\beta}$-subunit, and highly increased glycinin without altering total protein concentration. Supply of 0.2mM cystine (0.4mM S) did not affect the accumulative pattern of seed storage protein (SSP) subunits. In the supply of L-methionine, 0.2mM treatment showed higher glycinin in seeds but 0.05mM resulted in lower glycinin than tile sulfate control. The relative abundance of ${\alpha}^`$-subunit was not altered by any N or S nutrition. Under 5mM nitrogen, protein concentration was increased about 3-5% by substituting ammonia for nitrate during seed fill independent of nutrition. The increase resulted in the only increase of 7S protein, mainly ${\beta}$-subunit. Our data suggest that the regulatory system of SSP genes responds to the balance between N and S assimilates supplied from mother plant. and controls the di fferential synthesis of their subunits for the maximum protein accumulation in developing soybean seed.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.129-137
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• 1992

This study was carried out to investigate the localization of lipids and lipase activity with lipid staining and cytochemical technique in endosperm cells of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer seed. In endosperm cells of indehiscent seed, protein bodies facing the umbiliform layer are different in electron density during the various degraded processes. Gradually, protein matrix near the cell wall was lysed and electron lucent inclusions appeared on umbiliform layer. The protein body with high electron density and the spherosome with low electron density were observed in endosperm cells. As a result of lipid staining, electron density of spherosome is more intense than those of the protein matrix within the protein body in endosperm cells of indehiscent seed. Free spherical spherosomes within the umbiliform layer have a high electron density. The spherical spherosomes were more electron densed and were uniform in comparison with the cytoplasmic proteinaceous granules in endosperm cells of seed with red seed coat. The major component of spherosome was determined to be lipid. Lipase activity occurs in the spherosome and near the endosperm cell wall facing the umbiliform layer. Cytochemical reaction products of lipase were observed in the spherosome membrane and in the inner regions of spherosome. After protein bodies were digested, lipase activities were observed in free spherosomes and near the cell wall of endosperm cells. Umbiliform layer composing of fibrillized wall and digested materials of the endosperm cell showed a little lipase reaction products.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.278-284
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• 1994

콩단백질의 황 아미노산함량은 가축 영양학상 중요한 위치를 차지하기 때문에 신계통이 가져야만 할 필수조건일지도 모른다. 콩 계통간에 저장단백질의 유전적변이가 존재한다면 이는 기존의 육종방법을 통하여 콩의 종자단백질 구성성분을 유전적으로 변경하여 품질을 개량할 수 있는 가능성을 시사하고 있다. 본 연구는 여러 문헌에 보고된 콩종자 저장단백질의 돌연변이 계통들을 선별하여 콩단백질의 품질을 향상시키기 위한 육종 재료로서의 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 실행되었다. 수집된 돌연변이 계통들은 저장단백질의 또 다른 특성을 나타내었다. 그 돌연변이 계통들 중에서 Keburi(P.I.417016), Keburi(P.I.506817), P.I.154608-1 등은 황 아미노산 함량이 상대적으로 다른 돌연변이 계통보다 높은 1.9, 2.1, 1.8%를 나타내었으며, 이는 7S 단백질인 ${\alpha}$ ', ${\alpha}$ , ${\beta}$단백질 함량이 상대적으로 낮기 때문인 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 그 돌연변이 계통들 중에서 Keburi(P.I.417016), Keburi(P.I.506817), P.I.54608-1 등은 황 아미노산 함량을 향상시키기 위한 중요한 육종재료로, 그 외 돌연변이 계통들은 다른 용도의 육종 재료로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 추측된다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1992

인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)의 채종전 홍숙 종자로부터 채종 후 미개갑 종자까지 단계별 배발달에 따른 배유세포내 단백과립의 변화상을 확인하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 홍숙 초기단계의 종자의 배유세포에는 구형의 스페로솜이 산재하였으며, 액포내에는 저장 단백질이 축적되어 단백과립을 형성하였다. 홍숙 말기단계의 종자의 배유세포내 세포질은 대부분 스페로솜과 단백과립으로 충만하였고, 세포소기관은 거의 관찰할 수 없었으며, 단백과립은 전자밀도가 높은 무정형의 함유물을 가지고 있는 것과 균일한 단백질 기질로만 이루어져 있는 것 등으로 크게 구분되었다. 채종 후 후숙 처리를 하지 않은 미개갑 종자에서, 배유세포내 단백과립은 구상체(globoid), 단백질 결정체 등을 함유하고 있었고, 구상체는 다양한 형태의 전자밀도가 높은 물질을 가지고 있었다. 제형층은 배와 배유조직 사이에 위치하였으며, 이와 인접하여 배유세포벽의 분해양상과 셀루로우즈 미세섬유상이 관찰되었다. 제형층은 lipid body와 분해된 배유세포의 잔유물로 이루어져 있었다. 제형층과 인접한 배유세포의 단백과립은 퇴행성 변화를 나타내었고, 이로 인해 단백질 기질은 전자밀도가 점진적으로 낮아지는 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.603-606
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• 2009

Lipoxygenase and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein of mature soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed are main anti-nutritional factors in soybean seed. A new soybean cultivar, "Gaechuck#1" with the traits of black seed coat, green cotyledon, lipoxygenase2,3 and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein free was developed. It was selected from the population derived the cross of "Gyeongsang#1" and C242. Plants of "Gaechuck#1" have a determinate growth habit with purple flowers, brown pubescence, black seed coat, black hilum, oval leaflet shape and brown pods at maturity. Seed protein and oil content on dry weight basis have averaged 39.1% and 16.2%, respectively. It has shown resistant reaction to soybean necrosis, soybean mosaic virus, Cercospora leaf spot and blight, black root rot, pod and stem blight, and soybean pod borer. "Gaechuck#1" matured on 5-10 October with a plant height of 50 cm. The 100-seed weight of "Gaechuck#1" was 23.2g. Yield of "Gaechuck#1" was averaged 2.2 ton/ha from 2005 to 2007.