• 한국작물학회지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2014

제주피의 발아특성 및 파종 심도에 따른 초기 생육 특성을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 사료피 1호 종자는 $15^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 발아가 가능하였으며, $10-25^{\circ}C$의 범위에서 $20^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높은 발아율을 보였다. 나. 입모율은 담수와 직파에서 모두 $20^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높았으며, 담수직파에서 평균 입모율은 5.9%, 건답직파는 70.5%로 나타났다. 다. 사료피 1호의 출아가 가능한 종자의 최대 파종 깊이는 담수직파에서 15, 20, $25^{\circ}C$에서 0.5, 1.8, 1.5 cm, 건답직파는 각각의 온도에서 9.5, 10.0, 9.9 cm로 파종조건과 온도에 따라 변이를 보였다. 라. 사료피 1호는 담수와 건답직파 모두에서 온도와 관계없이 파종심도와 중배축장이 정의상관관계를 보여, 출아에 중배축 신장이 가장 크게 영향을 미치고 있을을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.353-366
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• 2016

The effect of different environmental conditions and altitudes on the growth and reproductive characteristics in 12 teak plantations at 4 different blocks (Cauvery canal bank, Topslip and Parambikulam (Tamil Nadu), Nilambur and Wayanad (Kerala) of Southern India was investigated. The annual rainfall and mean monthly temperature of the study areas varied significantly from 1390 to 3188 mm and 16 to $38^{\circ}C$ respectively. The teak plantations in Cauvery canal bank which grow in continuous moisture condition (8-10 months) retain the leaf for longer period due to moisture resulting continuous supply of photosynthates leads to fast and outstanding growth. The girth at breast height (GBH) of 34-years-old tree in canal area was similar to that of 40 to 49-years-old trees in other locations, indicating that teak plantations with regular watering and silvicultural practices may be harvested at the age of 30 years. The leaf fall, flowering and fruiting showed significant variations in different teak plantations due to environmental factors and altitudes. It was found that increase of rainfall enhances number of flowers in the inflorescence in teak. Tholpatty (block-IV) showed more flowering in a inflorescence (3,734-3,744) compared to other plantations (1,678-3,307). Flowering in Nilambur and Wayanad coincided with heavy rainfall resulting low fruitset (1.1-2.3%) probably heavy rainfall ensuing restriction of pollinators for effective pollination. On the other hand, flowering in Cauvery canal bank (Block-I) was not coincided with high rainfall exhibited high fruitset (2-3%). About 66 to 76% of the fruits in different plantations were empty, and it is one of the main reasons for poor germination in teak. The seeds of Topslip and Parambikulam (Block-II) showed higher seed weight, maximum seed filling and good germination indicating that the environmental factors and altitude play significant role in fruit setting and seed filling in teak. In addition, the teak plantations in Topslip and Parambikulam showed good growth suggesting that plantations in the altitude range of approximately 550-700 m may be suitable for converting into seed production areas for production of quality seeds.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.26-28
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• 2005

Evaluation of larvicidal activities of Chamaecyparis obtusa and Thuja orientalis oils against 4th-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens pallens revealed larvicidal activities of leaf oils extracted from C. obtusa and T. orientalis were significantly higher than those of stem, fruit, and seed oils. Strong mortality was observed in age class II of C. obtusa and T. orientalis against Ae. aegypti and Cx. pipiens pallens larvae. These results show both leaf part and age class II of C. obtusa and T. orientalis have strong larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti and Cx. pipiens pallens. Leaf oils of C. obtusa and T. orientalis leaves show promise as natural larvicides against Ae. aegypti and Cx. pipiens pallens.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.533-541
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between climacteric symptoms and intakes of various nutrients, phytoestrogens and foods in postmenopausal women. We conducted anthropometric measurements, questionnaire interview and 24hr dietary recall for 3 days in 128 postmenopausal women aged $49{\sim}64$. The subjects were divided into the two groups, NCMS(non climacteric symptoms group) and CMS(climacteric symptoms group), according to the severity of the climacteric symptoms. There were no significant difference in anthropometric measurements, maternal factors(menarche age, menopause age), subjective health status, frequency of exercise, smoking and drinking status between the two groups. The Mg and lignan precusor intakes of the NCMS group were significantly higher than those of the CMS group. Mg, lignan precusor, pulse and seed intakes had negative correlations with the severity of climacteric symptoms. From this study results, Mg, phytoestrogen(especially some lignan) and some food groups like as pulse and seeds may prevent and reduce climacteric symptoms in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2006

Since the demands not only for value-added timber but the environmental functions of forests had been increased, native tree species has been, and is rapidly being replaced by foreign tree species in many parts of the world. However, the studies on population structure and regeneration characteristics of native tree species were not conducted enough. Regeneration of Kalopanax septemlobus growing among other hardwoods in natural forests is very difficult because of its low seed viability and germination rate. The study examined the distribution of mature trees of K. septemlobus and their regeneration pattern at the 1.12 ha study plot in natural deciduous broad-leaved forest of Mt. Jeombong. The density and mean DBH of K. septemlobus was 97 trees per ha and 32 cm, respectively. The spatial distribution of K. septemlobus showed a random pattern (aggregation index is 0.935) in the 1.12 ha study plot. The age of 90 trees among 99 sample trees of K. septemlobus ranged from 90 to 110 years and represented a single cohort, thus suggesting that K. septemlobus in advance regeneration has regenerated as a result of disturbances such as canopy opening.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.151-155
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• 1996

자생산채류(自生山菜類)인 곤드레의 종자발아(種子發芽) 특성(特性)을 구명(究明)하고 나아가 생체생산에서 차광정도(遮光程度)가 3년째의 생존율(生存率), 생육(生育) 및 연차별(年次別) 수량(收量)을, 종자생산(種子生産)에서는 생존율(生存率), 개화기(開花期), 착과(着果) 및 연차별(年次別) 종자수량(種子收量)을 조사한 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 종자(種子)는 치상후(置上後) $3\sim4$일이 지난후 부터 발아(發芽)하기 시작하였으며 저온저장일수(低溫貯藏日數)가 길수록 발아율(發芽率)이 높아 60일이상 저장시(貯藏時) $60\sim80%$ 이상의 발아율(發芽率)을 나타내었다. 광조건별로는 암상태(暗狀態)보다 명상태(明狀態)에서 발아율(發芽率)이 높은 경향이었다. 2. 곤드레의 재배기간중(栽培期間中) 50% 차광망처리구(遮光網處理區)는 무차광구(無遮光區)의 최고기온(最高氣溫) $24.1\sim27.5$, 최저기온(最低氣溫) $8\sim18.6^{\circ}C$, 밝은날 조도(照度) 72,280Lux, 흐린날 26,380Lux에 비해 최고기온(最高氣溫) 약 $4^{\circ}C$, 최저기온(最低氣溫) $1^{\circ}C$ 낮았으며 조도(照度)에 있어서 맑은 날 42%, 흐린 날은 47%의 낮은 수광률(受光率)을 나타내었다. 3. 경엽(莖葉)의 생육(生育) 및 엽녹소(葉綠素) 함량(含量)은 차광정도(遮光程度)가 클수록 많았으며 연화도(軟化度) 또한 높아 품질(品質)이 우수(優秀)하였으며 경엽(莖葉)의 수량(收量) 역시 무차광구(無遮光區)보다 차광강피복구(遮光綱被服區)에서 가장 많았으며, 특히 3년차까지의 평균수량은 30% 차광망처리(遮光網處理)에서 40,290kg/ha로 가장 많아 곤드레 재배시에는 30%이상의 차광망재배(遮光網栽培)가 유리할 것으로 판단되며 재배년차간(栽培年次間) 경엽수량(莖葉收量)에 있어서는 2년차재배시(年次栽培時)의 수량(收量)이 가장 많았으며 3년차재배시(年次栽培時)에는 생존율(生存率)이 떨어져 다소멸소(多少滅少)되는 것으로 나타나 결국 2년차(年次)까지 경엽(莖葉)을 수확(收穫)한 후 모주(母株)를 갱신(更新)하는 것이 경제적(經濟的)일 것으로 생각되었다. 4. 채종재배(採種栽培)에 있어서 개화시는 8월(月) 중일순(中一旬)으로 차광정도(遮光程度)가 클수록 점차 늦어졌으며 무차광에서 개화량(開花量) 및 결실률(結實率) 등(等)이 높았으며 3년간 평균 종자수량(種子收量)은 $2,560{\iota}/ha$로 가장 많아 고랭지(高冷地)에서 실생묘를 이용하여 곤드레의 채종재배(採種栽培)는 무차광재배(無遮光栽培)가 유리(有利)하고 재배년한(栽培年限)은 3년차(年次) 종자채종후(種子採種後) 모주(母株)를 갱신(更新)하는 것이 경제적(經濟的)일 것으로 판단되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.239-249
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• 1982

서독(西獨), 스웨덴, 네덜란드의 삼림(森林)에서 수종혼교(樹種混交), 수령(樹令), 임관(林冠), 임분(林分)의 생태적(生態的) 조건(條件)을 포함(包含)한 우량임분(優良林分)의 개요(槪要)가 조사(調査)되었다. 우량종자생산(優良種子生産)을 위(爲)한 채종원(採種園)의 조성계획(造成計劃) 또한 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 검토(檢討)되었다. 1. 강수량(降水量)이 많고 상대습도(相對濕度)가 높은 기상조건(氣象條件)은 고위도(高緯度)에 위치(位置)한 Scandinavia 반도(半島)와 서북(西北) Europe지방(地方)이 해양성기후(海洋性氣候)임을 입증(立證)한다. 일장(日長)에 따른 광주성(光週性)과 강상시기(降霜時期)는 스웨덴 산림(山林)에서 bud-setting과 bud-flushing에 따른 나무의 적응성(適應性)은 생장(生長) pattern과 수종(樹種)의 분포(分布)를 결정(決定)한다. 2. 유럽의 산림(山林)은 독일가문비나무, 유럽소나무, 전나무, 너도밤나무, 참나무류(類), 유럽잎갈나무를 포함하는 고목(高木)으로 구성된 상층임관(上層林冠)과 가문비나무, 전나무, 너도밤나무등의 내음성(耐陰性) 수종의 하층임관(下層林冠)과 자작나무, 참나무, 서나무를 포함하는 유치수(幼稚樹)의 하층지피식생(下層地被植生)으로 조성된 밀도(密度) 높은 다층(多層) 이령임형(異令林型)이 특정이다. 3. 단목택벌작업(單木擇伐作業)과 군장산벌작업(群狀傘伐作業)이 작업종(作業種)으로 흔히 적용(適用)되나 부분적(部分的)으로 산벌작업(傘伐作業)과 소면적(小面積) 개벌작업(皆伐作業)이 일부지역(一部地域)에서 실시(實施)되고 있다. Baden식(式) 획벌작업(劃伐作業)과 Bayern식(式) 획벌작업(劃伐作業)이 Schwarzwarld의 갱신(更新)에 널리 쓰이지만 택벌(擇伐) 작업(作業)도 부분적(部分的)으로 적용(適用)되고 있다. 4. 임목(林木)의 벌채(伐採)는 보속적(保續的)인 생산(生産)과 생태계(生態系)의 보전(保全)을 위(爲)해서 Europe의 산림경영(山林經營)에서는 년생장량(年生長量)을 넘지 않도록 적절(適切)히 제한(制限)되고 있다. 산림경영(山林經營)에 있어서 국토보존(國土保存)과 휴양기능(休養機能)은 목재생산(木材生産)의 증진(增進)과 함께 더욱 중요시(重要視) 되어지고 있다. 5. 미국산(美國産) Douglas-fir, red oak, 소나무류(類)와 일본낙엽송(日本落葉松), 이태리포푸라등(等)과 같은 외래수종(外來樹種)의 조림(造林)이 시도(試圖)되고 있으나 병충해(病蟲害), 기상해(氣象害)의 우려 때문에 신중한 주의(注意)가 기우려지고 있다. 6. 이들 국가(國家)에서는 수형목선발(秀型木選拔), 채종림선정(採種林選定), 산지시험(産地試驗), 차대검정(次代檢定), clone complexing을 위(爲)한 잡종채종원(雜種採種園)과 같은 임목개량(林木改良)에 관(關)한 몇가지 집중적(集中的)인 연구(硏究)가 수행(修行)되고 있으며 Sweden과 Netherland에서는 조림(造林)에 소요(所要)되는 종자(種子)의 상당양이 조성(造成)된 채종원(採種園)으로부터 공급(供給)되어지고 있다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2010

This study was performed to evaluate the planting properties of herbaceous plant and cool-season grass in porous polymer blocks that were manufactured by using recycled coarse aggregates and unsaturated polyester resin to develop environmentally friendly planting blocks. Unsaturated polyester resin, natural and recycled coarse aggregates and $CaCO_3$ were used. The mix proportions were determined to satisfy the requirement for the workability and slump according to aggregate sizes(5-10 and 5-20mm). Tests for the void ratio and compressive strength of porous polymer concrete were performed at curing age 7 days. Also, porous polymer block using recycled coarse aggregates were applied to kinds of plants such as tall fescue, Perennial ryegrass, Lesedeza and Alfalfa. After seed, initial germination, germination ratio, cover view and growth length for planting blocks were estimated by various methods.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1994년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.28-29
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• 1994

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2010

This study was performed to evaluate the void ratio and strength of porous polymer concrete used coarse aggregates and unsaturated polyester resin to find optimum mix design of porous polymer concrete for planting block. Also, this study was performed to evaluate the planting properties of herbaceous plant and cool-season grass in porous polymer blocks based on the experimental results of porous polymer concrete to develop environmentally friendly planting blocks. Tests for the void ratio and compressive strength of porous polymer concrete were performed at the curing age 7 days. Also, kinds of plants such as Tall fescue, Perennial ryegrass, Lespedeza and Alfalfa for planting were applied to porous polymer blocks. Within 6 weeks after seed, initial germination ratio, cover view and growth length for planting blocks were estimated by various methods.