• 제목/요약/키워드: sediment organic content

Search Result 207, Processing Time 0.025 seconds

Energy Flow of Benthic Community at the Intertidal Zone of Kum River Estuary (錦江河口 潮間帶 低棲生物群集의 에너지 流轉)

  • Kim, Joon-Ho;Kyung-Je Cho;Chi Shick Kim
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
    • /
    • v.8 no.1
    • /
    • pp.7-14
    • /
    • 1985
  • Biomass, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus standing crops of bethic community were estimated at the trophic levels in the intertidal zone of Kum river estuary. Annual mean biomass of zoobenthos was 130.5g/$m^2$, body fraction 26.7g/$m^2$ and shell fraction 103.8 g/$m^3$. Biomass estimated as ash-free dry weight was total 28.9g/$m^2$, body fraction 20.2g/$m^2$ and shell fraction 8.7g/$m^2$ Carbon standing crops of zoobenthos were 15.9gC/$m^2$, in which organic carbon content was 7.0gC/$m^2$ and carbonate carbon was 8.9gC/$m^2$. Production efficiency by carbon standing crops from sediment to herbivores and carnivores and 10.6% and 16.0% in phosphorus, respectively. Annual primary production of benthic algae was crudely estimated to 329g.dw/$m^2$/yr by using the biomass and turn-over rate of benthic algae.

  • PDF

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the sediments of Kwangyang Bay on Korea (광양만 유역 퇴적토 중의 다환방향족탄화수소류)

  • Jeong, Heung Ho;Jeong, Ho Seung;Kim, Eun Yeong;Jo, Hwan Ik;Hwang, Ju Chan;Choe, Sang Won
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
    • /
    • v.13 no.6
    • /
    • pp.543-549
    • /
    • 2004
  • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in sediments of Kwangyang bay on Korea, have been investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometery (GC/MS). The average content of total PAHs in all samples was 2,211ppb, and the range was from 36 to 22,699ppb. The higher concentrations were found in sediment sampled near Kwangyang iron processing plant, Taeindo. The resulting distributions of PAHs according to the number of aromatic ring and molecular ratios of specific aromatic compounds (phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene) have been discussed in terms of sample location, origin of the organic matter. Four, five and six rings of PAHs were mainly found near to Kwangyang iron processing plant, and three and four rings near to Yeosu chemical kombinat This result typically indicated the local characteristics, depending on the origin of PAHs.

Changes of Nutrients Content and Natural Supplies by Suspended Soil Particle in lrrigation Water during the Rice Cultivation (논 관개수에 함유된 토사 중 영양물질의 함량변화와 천연공급량)

  • Han, Kang-Wan;Chon, Jae-Chul;Cho, Jae-Young;Kim, Seong-Jo
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
    • /
    • v.16 no.4
    • /
    • pp.399-403
    • /
    • 1997
  • Changes of nutrient material and natural supplies by sediment of irrigation water into 1.0ha of paddy field during the rice cultivation were investigated. TSS of the sediment contained irrigation water ranged 52.9${\sim}$125.6mg/L and content of organic matter showed 1.89${\sim}$2.33%. Content of T-N, $NH_4-N$ and $NO_3-N$ were 623.5${\sim}$1775.2, 22.9${\sim}$75.8 and 10.2${\sim}$72.1mg/kg respectively. Content of T-P and ortho-P were 186.7${\sim}$375.7 and 12.4${\sim}$38.9mg/kg respectively. The content of exchangeable canons, $Ca^{++},\;Mg^{++}\;Na^+\;and\;K^+$ were 435.3${\sim}$737.5, 127.3${\sim}$204.2, 36.6${\sim}$94.9 and 105.6${\sim}$232.9mg/kg respectively. Total content of heavy metals were 13.4 of Pb, 0.6 of Cd, 8.2 of Ni, 12.1 of Cu, 29.8 of Zn and 19.7mg/kg of Cr. During the period of rice cultivation, when supplied 4,250m^3 of an irrigation water into 1.0ha of paddy field, natural supplied 346.01kg of sediment, 7.11kg of organic matter, 0.50kg of T-N, 0.02㎏ of NH_4-N, 0.01kg of NO_3-N, 0.08kg of T-P and 0.01㎏ of Ortho-P. Also exchangeable $Ca^{++},\;Mg^{++}\;Na^+\;and\;K^+$ were supplied 0.21, 0.06, 0.02 and 0.06kg respectively. Loaded of the total heavy metal showed natural background level.

  • PDF

Spatial Distribution of Macrozoobenthic Organisms along the Korean Coasts in Summer Season (한국 연안의 하계 대형저서동물의 공간분포)

  • LEE, JUNG-HO;LIM, HYUN-SIG;SHIN, HYUN CHOOL;RYU, JONGSEONG
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
    • /
    • v.27 no.2
    • /
    • pp.87-102
    • /
    • 2022
  • To clarify the spatial distribution pattern of macrozoobenthos in Korean coastal waters in the summer season and investigate the relationship between community structure and benthic environmental factors, field surveys on community structure and benthic environmental factors were conducted at 117 stations in August 2017. A total of 613 macrobenthic species were identified, with the mean density of 1,228 ind./m2 and the mean biomass (wet weight) of 110.9 g WW/m2. Rich biodiversity was found at stations near Wando and along the coast of the East Sea, and there is a trend that stations with greater biodiversity also showed higher mean density as well. The dominant species in all the coastal areas in Korea was Heteromastus filiformis, which were found at most of the stations during the survey. The relatively deep areas in the East Sea were dominated by Magelona johnsoni and Maldane cristata, which were the third and ninth dominant species in the study areas, respectively. Pseudopolydora kempi and Rhynchospio sp. were observed only at the station located in the Nakdong River estuary. From the cluster analysis the stations could be clustered into three station groups with more similar faunal composition. Group A was located in the eastern coast, characterized with deep water depth and low levels of sand contents, while Group B was located in the southern coast, characterized by shallow depth of water and high content of mud and organic matter. Lastly, Group C was in the western coast, demonstrating low levels of mud content and organic matters. The biodiversity of macrobenthic species in the study area showed high positive correlation coefficients with benthic environmental factors such as sorting, clay, silt, and contents of organic matter in sediments, but negatively correlated with the sand contents. Major dominant species, Theora lata and Eriopisella sechellensis, both showed negative correlation coefficients with the sand contents, but a relatively high positive correlation with the levels of organic contents.It can be concluded that the spatial distribution patterns of macrobenthic organisms in Korean coastal waters are affected by depth, sediment type, and contents of organic matters.

Transgressive Geochemical Records in the East China Sea: A Perspective with Holocene Paleoceanography

  • Hyun Sangmin;Lim Dhong-il;Yoo Hai-Soo
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
    • /
    • v.39 no.1 s.176
    • /
    • pp.53-61
    • /
    • 2006
  • Geochemical and sedimentological analyses of sediment piston core were used to trace paleoceanographic environmental changes in the East China Sea. The analytical results revealed three lithostratigraphic units (I, II, and III) corresponding to a highstand stage, a transgressive stage, and a lowstand stage, respectively. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) $^{14}C$ dated the boundaries between the units as 7 ka and II ka. That is, Unit I extended from the present to 7 ka, Unit II occupied a transitional episode from 7 to 11 ka, and Unit III was older than 11 ka. The transitional episode was characterized by sudden fluctuations in various geochemical proxies. Most strikingly, there was a gradual upward increase in both carbonate and total organic carbon (TOe) contents post-7 ka, during which time the ${\delta}^{l3}C$ values of organic material increased to a constant value. The gradual upward increase in the TOC and $CaCO_3$ contents in Unit I were accompanied by slight variations in grain size that probably reflect a stable modern oceanographic environment. Within Unit II (7 to 11 ka), the geochemical signals were characterized by abrupt and steep fluctuations, typical of a transgressive stage. Vertical mixing may have provoked an increase in productivity during this interval, with large amounts of terrigenous organic matter and/or freshwater being supplied by neighboring rivers. The geochemical signals remained stable throughout Unit III but exhibited different patterns than signals in Unit I. The high terrigenous organic matter content of Unit III suggests correspondence to a lowstand stage.

Assessment of benthic environment conditions of oyster and mussel farms based on macrobenthos in Jinhae bay (저서생물상을 이용한 진해만 수하식 양식장의 저서환경 평가)

  • Park Heung-Sik;Yi Soon-Kil
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
    • /
    • v.5 no.1
    • /
    • pp.68-75
    • /
    • 2002
  • This study were observed to the conditions of organic pollution applying to tile environmental assessments based on macrobenthos around the raft culture ground which became an issue by organic matter input in Jinhae Bay. Three stations, mussel farm, oyster farm and the control station on which rarely culture activities were fixed and have analyzed to the sediment characteristics and macrobenthic communities. Muddy substrates between 6.0 and 6.60 on mean grain size have prevailed to the bottom layer in all stations. The highest organic matter content of 2.8% was observed to the mussel farm while the lowest one of 1.5% was recorded on the control area. As a total, 79 species from seven phyla were identified. Comparing to shell farms, the control station have composed to more diversified community structure. In the mussel and the oyster farm, opportunistic species, living in high organic contents area, Lumbrineris longifolia, Heteromastus. filiformis in polychaetes and Corophium sinense in amphipod were dominated. As results on environmental assessment, in spite of changing to the species composition and densities seasonally, the mussel farm have recorded only to moderately polluted condition.

  • PDF

Investigation of the Effect of Weirs Construction in the Han River on the Characteristics of Sediments (보 설치가 퇴적물 특성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Kang, Min Kyoung;Choi, In Young;Park, Ji Hyoung;Choi, Jung Hyun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
    • /
    • v.34 no.9
    • /
    • pp.597-603
    • /
    • 2012
  • To investigate the effects of weir construction on sediment characteristics of river bed, we conducted sediments sampling on the 9 locations near the weir, Kangchun, Yuju and Ipo in Namhan-River. Physical and chemical characteristics of sediments were analyzed by measuring particle size distribution, water content, Ignition loss, COD (Chemical Oxyzen Demand), TOC (Total Organic Carbon), TP (Total Phosphorus), SRP (Soluble Reactive Phosphorus) and TN (Total Nitrogen). Particle classification of all three weir sediments showed sandy loam that was caused by the river bed dredging. Due to the presence of weir, Ignition loss, COD, TOC, TP, SRP and TN showed similar trend such as the concentrations of upward weir had higher than those of downward weir. For the case of SRP concentration and C/N ratio, however, there is not much difference in the sediment characteristics compared to the those of sediments before weir construction. Therefore, It can be predicted that there are little effects of weir construction on sediment characteristics. However, weir construction could influence water quality of the river by controlling the transport and the accumulation of suspended materials from rainfall. Therefore, more intensive monitoring is required to examine the magnitude and patterns of sediment accumulation which could influence overlying water quality.

An Ecological Study on the Sand Dollar, Astriclypeus manni (VERRIL 1867), in Hamdock, Cheju Korea (제주도 함덕 연안에 서식하는 구멍연잎성게, Astriclypeus manni (VERRIL 1867)의 생태학적 특성에 관한 연구)

  • KANG DO-Hyung;CHOI Kwang-Sik;CHUNG Sang-Chul
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.32 no.3
    • /
    • pp.345-352
    • /
    • 1999
  • The sand dollar, Astriclypeus manni is commonly encountered on a subtidal sand bottom along the coast of Cheju Island. limited information has been reported on their ecology despite their natural abundance. This study reports ecology and an annual reproductive cycle of the sand dollars present at Hamdock, northern coast of Cheju Island. A. manni collected from Hamdock revealed that they are 80 to 200 mm in test diameter. Sediment Brain size analysis indicated that A. manni mostly occurs on medium (particle diameter of 500 $\mu$m) to very find sand (particle diameter of 125 $\mu$m), particularly on fine sand (particle diameter of 250 $\mu$m). Internal morphology and in situ observations on their feeding habit indicated that A. manni is a deposit feeder, feeding on organic debris contained in the sediment around its habitat. A. manni were more frequently observed near Zostrea marina bed where content of organic matter in the sediment is considered to be higher. Gonadal tissues of the male were yellow in color while female gonads appeared to be purple. Fully mature eggs, with a mean diameter of 381 $\mu$m, and sperm were observed from the histological slides of the sand dollars collected in late July to August, suggesting that A. manni spawn during July to August when water temperature reaches 20 to $25^{\circ}C$.

  • PDF

Horizontal Distributions and Their Ecotoxicological Implications Relating to PCBs, DDTs, HCHs, and HCB in Sediments in the West Nakdong River (서낙동강 수계 퇴적물 내 PCBs, DDTs, HCHs 및 HCB의 수평적 분포와 잠재적 생태독성 영향 평가)

  • We, Sung-Ug;Yoon, Cho-Hee;Min, Byung-Yun
    • Journal of Life Science
    • /
    • v.22 no.3
    • /
    • pp.332-339
    • /
    • 2012
  • Horizontal distributions and their ecotoxicological implications relating to organochlorine compounds (OCs) were determined in surface sediments sampled from the West Nakdong River. The concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in surface sediments were in the range of 0.57-3.68, 0.41-8.35, 0.63-1.65, and n.d.-0.56 ng/g, respectively. DDTs represent the major OC in the West Nakdong River. Concentrations of PCBs and DDTs correlate with the total organic carbon (PCBs: r=0.874, p<0.001, and DDTs: r=0.762, p<0.05, respectively), indicating that organic content in the sediments is one of the major factors for influencing horizontal distribution of the organochlorine compounds in this river. Examining the potential poisonous character of the surface sediments to benthic organisms according to the sediment quality guideline (SQG), set out by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), we found that the concentrations of total PCBs, p,p'-DDD, and ${\gamma}$-HCH were lower than the effects range-low (ER-L) and the probable effects level (PEL). As a result, it is considered that the effect of organochlorines in the region considered on benthic organisms is very low from the perspective of environmental toxicology. However, in terms of the Canadian SQC, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, and total DDTs, respectively, exceeded the interim sediment quality guidelines (ISQG) and the threshold effect level (TEL) in 30%, 17%, and 19%, respectively, of the sediment samples analyzed.

Environmental Effects on the Benthic Polychaete Communities Around the Power Plant Areas in the East Sea of Korea (동해 발전소 주변의 저서다모류 군집에 영향을 미치는 환경 요인)

  • KWON, SOON HYUN;LEE, JAE HAC;YU, OK HWAN
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
    • /
    • v.22 no.1
    • /
    • pp.18-30
    • /
    • 2017
  • The East Sea is almost entirely composed of sandy facies, and the facies type is the major factor influencing benthic polychaete communities. There have been few studies of the effects of environmental factors on benthic polychaetes in thermal discharge areas consisting of different sediment types. This study identified the spatial distribution patterns based on the species composition and distribution of benthic polychaete communities, and the environmental factors influencing benthic polychaetes near power plants were investigated. The polychaete communities in the Uljin, Hupo, and Gori coastal areas near the power plants in the East Sea were seasonally investigated from August 2006 to February 2013. As a result, 283 species were collected. The dominant species were Spiophanes bombyx, Magelona japonica, Lumbrineris longifolia, and Sternaspis scutata. Spiophanes bombyx was the dominant species at Uljin and Hupo, but M. japonica was the dominant species at Gori. Two dominant species from the coastal waters of the East Sea, Lumbrineris longifolia and M. japonica, were rare in the power plant water intake or drainage areas. Cluster analysis was performed to divide the study area into groups by the total organic carbon content, sediment grain size and facies patterns. This study suggests that the community structures of polychaetes are more affected by the total organic carbon, grain size of sediment and facies than by disturbance from thermal discharge, which only affected the polychaete community near power plant drainage areas.