• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2020

This study was designed to investigate the median nerve cross-sectional area of the upper extremity which is the main cause of CTS in the 20s and 30s. The median nerve cross-sectional area (MNC-area) of each part of the upper limb was measured in healthy 20s and 30s females and males without neurological diseases or other diseases. This MNC-area was compared with the hand, wrist, finger, and other body indexes. The research group was divided into 20s female and male groups, and the 30s were also divided into female and male groups. In the comparison between the ages, the hand, and wrist configurations in the 30s were significantly higher than those of the 20s. The mean median nerve cross-sectional area was significantly larger in the male group than in the female group in both 20s and 30s, and it was larger in both men and women than in the 20s. Hand and wrist configurations were also positively correlated with the median nerve cross-sectional area in both 20s and 30s. The median values of hand ratio and wrist ratio were 2.26 and 0.65, respectively. This median value of hand ratio was inversely correlated with the median nerve cross-sectional area. The median nerve cross-area of the 20s was 6.88~7.38 ㎟ in the male group and 5.69~6.99 ㎟ in the female group, respectively. The median nerve cross-area of the 30s was 6.32~8.89 ㎟ in the male group and 6.15~7.17 ㎟ in the female group, respectively. The mean median nerve cross-sectional area was positively correlated with body mass index in both groups. Most of the variables were higher in their 30s than in their 20s.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.187-193
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• 1999

As the slenderness ratio increases, it is necessary to examine the increased sectional area of member by means of increasing buckling strength because the sectional area of compressive member is designed in accordance with buckling. In this reason tn reinforce insufficient strength it don not have to reinforce the whole sectional area of member. Force of member can be increased in a way to restrict buckling mode by means of the partially increased sectional area of member. Therefore, in this study, we put emphasis on compressive members among many members that constitute space frame and try to get basic data about the reinforcement of space frame by means of investigating the bucking characteristic according to the size and length of partially increased sectional area of member.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.619-625
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• 2019

저심도 터널에서는 온도차에 의한 부력을 이용한 자연배기시스템이 많이 사용되고 있지만 이는 연기배출을 인위적으로 조절할 수 없다. 그러므로 자연배기시스템에서는 수직환기구에서 연기 배출량이 설계된 연기 배출량보다 적어지는 Plug-holing 현상을 고려한 설계가 필수적이다. Plug-holing 현상은 터널과 수직환기구의 형상 위치, 화원의 위치와 발열량 등에 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 터널과 자연 환기구의 단면적 비와 화원의 열방출률이 자연배기시스템에서 발생하는 Plug-holing 현상에 미치는 영향에 대하여 실험적으로 분석하였다. 1/20 크기로 축소시킨 실험모델에서 터널과 수직환기구의 종횡비는 고정시키고 터널과 수직환기구의 단면적 비를 달리하여 Plug-holing 현상에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 화원의 열방출율은 0.55 kW, 0.98 kW, 1.67 kW로 고정시켰다. 실험결과, 연기 경계층온도와 수직환기구 내의 온도와의 비교를 통한 Plug-holing 발생을 판단하였고, 터널과 수직환기구의 단면적 비가 증가함에 따라서 수직환기구 하부의 유동과 온도분포 특성이 변함을 확인하였다. 터널 화재 시 Plug-holing 현상은 터널과 수직환기구의 단면적 비에 영향을 받으며 단면적 비가 클수록 Plug-holing 발생 가능성이 증가하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.175-185
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• 2018

Sand Compaction Piles (SCPs) are constructed by feeding and compacting sand into soft clay ground. Sand piles have been installed with irregular cross-sectional shapes, and mixtures of both sand and clay, which violate the design requirement of circular shape according to the replacement area ratio due to various factors, including side flow pressure. Therefore, design assumptions cannot be satisfied according to the conditions of the ground and construction and the replacement area ratio. Two case histories were collected, examined, and interpreted in order to study the effect of the shape of SCPs. The effects of the distortion of SCP shape and the mixture of sand and clay were studied with the results of large direct shear tests. The design internal friction angle was secured with the irregular cross-sectional sand piles regardless of the replacement area ratio. The design internal friction angle was secured regardless of mixed condition when the mixture of sand and clay was higher than the replacement area ratio of 65%. Therefore, systematic construction management is recommended with a replacement area ratio below 65%.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1454-1459
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• 2004

The major parameters governing the fluid dynamical and thermo-dynamical behavior in the large pipeline network system are friction loss and the pipeline length. But in local pipeline networks and relatively short distance pipeline system, secondary loss and the considerations of the moving states of the fluid machine are also important. One of the major element in local pressure control system is pressure regulator. It causes the variations of the physical properties in that pipeline system. When it is under working, the accurate analysis of the flow properties is so difficult. In this study, some numerical approaches to investigate the critical-flow-characteristics of the pressure regulator have been done according to the variations of the opening ratio or cross-sectional area and the detail examinations and considerations of the pressure regulator as a pipeline network elements have been carried. Finally the flow-flied distributions and critical-flow-characteristics have been presented in detail and the critical flow phenomena and the relation to the opening ratio or cross-sectional-area ratio have been studied.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.309-320
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• 2011

As a new type of large-span space structure, suspendome is composited of the upper single-layer reticulated shell and the lower cable-strut system. It has better mechanical properties compared to single-layer reticulated shell, and the overall stiffness of suspendome structure increases greatly due to the prestress of cable. Consequently, it can cross a larger span reasonably, economically and grandly with high rigidity, good stability and simple construction. For a better assessment of the advantages of mechanical characteristic of suspendome quantitatively, the static behavior of Kiewitt6 suspendome was studied by using finite element method, and ADINA was the software application to implement the analysis. By studying a certain suspendome, the internal forces, deformation and support constrained forces of the structure were obtained in this paper. Furthermore, the influences of parameters including prestress, stay bar length, cross-sectional area and rise-to-span ratio were also discussed. The results show that the increase of prestress and vertical stay bar length can improve the stiffness of suspendome; Cross-sectional area has nearly no impact on the static behavior, and the rise-to-span ratio is the most sensitive parameter.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2000

The stability of variable cross-sectional area HTS current lead is considered. The cross-sectional area is varied to have a constant safety factor which is defined as the ratio of operating current and critical current of superconductor. As the constant area HTS lead, the variable cross-sectional area HTS lead also has three steady states above the bifurcation point and only one steady state below the bifurcation point. The temperature profiles and current sharing ratios for each steady state are calculated. The heat dissipation into cryogenic system for super-conducting, intermediate, and upper states are compared. For Bi-2333 sheathed with silver-gold alloy 2m length of current lead, and the maximum temperature of upper state seems to be burn-out free below 5m length.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.460-472
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• 2023

This study was conducted based on the case of an accident (excessive deformation) that occurred during the hydraulic test of a shipboard tank manufactured in accordance with the design regulations. Over-pressure phenomenon was noted as the main cause of accidents in the process of testing tanks without physical damage, which can be found in external factors such as cross-sectional difference between inlet pipe and air pipe and higher water filling rate than the recommended one. The main goal of this paper is to establish a safe water filling rate according to the range of sectional area ratio(SAR) reduced below the regulations for each test situation. The simulation was conducted in accordance with the hydraulic test procedure specified in the Ship Safety Act, and the main situation was divided into two types: filling the tank with water and increasing the water head to the test pressure. The structural safety evaluation of the pressure generated inside the tank and the effect on the structure during the test was reviewed according to the SAR range. Based on the results, guidelines for the optimal filling rate applicable according to SAR during the hydraulic test were presented for the shipboard tanks used in this study.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.1139-1148
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• 1997

Compression waves propagating in a high-speed railway tunnel develops large pressure fluctuations on the train body or tunnel structures. The pressure fluctuations would cause an ear discomfort for the passengers and increase the aerodynamic resistance of trains. As a fundamental research to resolve the pressure wave phenomenon in the tunnel, experiments were carried out by using a shock tube with an open end. A blockage to model trains inside the tunnel was installed on the lower wall of shock tube, thus forming a sudden cross-sectional area reduction. The compression waves were obtained by the fast opening gate valve instead of a conventional diaphragm of shock tube and measured by the flush mounted pressure transducers with a high sensitivity. The experimental results were compared with the previous theoretical analyses. The results show that the ratio of the reflected to the incident compression wave at the sudden cross-sectional area reduction increases but the ratio of the passing to the incident compression wave decreases, as the incident compression wave becomes stronger. This experimental results are in good agreements with the previous theoretical ones. The maximum pressure gradient of the compression wave abruptly increases but the width of the wave front does not vary, as it passes over the sudden cross-sectional area reduction.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2007

이 연구에서는 기둥에 축방향 하중을 받고 있는 강재 상자단면 접합부의 강도를 이론적 해석적 검토를 통하여 평가하였다. 2층 교각구조에서는 기둥에 작용하고 있는 축방향 하중의 영향으로 T형 접합부 강도가 저하되게 된다. 이러한 현상을 검토하기 위해 비선형 유한요소해석을 수행하였고, 실험결과와의 비교를 통하여 유한요소 해석프로그램 및 해석방법의 타당성을 검증하였다. 강재라멘교각 접합부의 설계변수 중 패널존의 폭-두께비 파라메타와 플랜지와 복부판의 단면적비 및 기둥에 작용하는 축방향 하중의 영향을 비선형 유한요소해석을 통하여 검토하였다. 또한 이 연구에서는 축방향 하중의 증가에 따른 T형 상자단면 접합부의 응력분포를 이용하여 이론적인 강도평가식을 유도하였다. 또한 1층 교각 구조의 상자단면 접합부 강도특성과 비교하였다. 결국, 패널존의 폭-두께비 파라메타와 단면적비의 영향을 고려하여 T형 접합부의 강도평가식을 제안하였다.