• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.95-103
• /
• 1992

Present anticancer drugs in the clinical side have not showed a conclusive effect of the chemotherapy for cancer patients. In order to find much more efficient antitumor agents fromnatural resources, various screening methods vivo and in vitro have been developed by manyresearchers. The intention of this paper is to provide an outline of some background on the tumorsystem in drug development of natural products, to review some screening programs for theevaluation of antitumor activity and to introduce the practical procedures of some antitumorscreening methods in vivo and in vitro. At the end of this paper, the current literatures related toantitumor natural products from higher plants at our laboratory are described.Key words'anticancer drugs, screening methods.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study describes how public health officials running clinic-centered around "Our Village's Pretty Dementia Shelter" improved their ability to cope with dementia and health by implementing early dementia screening and cognitive intervention programs. Methods: This study targeted 11 hopeful seniors from 6 villages, who were residents of the area under the jurisdiction of Health Clinic B located in County A, were over 65 years of age, and had not experienced Our Village's Pretty dementia shelters. Results: The results of the Cognitive Screening Test (CIST) showed that scores improved on all evaluation items and depression decreased. Through the dementia prevention program, health improved, vitality increased through leisure activities and cultural experiences in daily life, and the quality of life improved. Aadditionally, participating with close neighbors has become an activity that can make dementia prevention activities a habit and widespread practice. Conclusion: This case demonstrate the need for continued implementation of dementia prevention and health promotion programs for rural residents. Accordingly, it is necessary to continuously operate dementia prevention programs by diversifying them and securing expertise from rural nurses.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.284-288
• /
• 2001

Water deficit is a serious constraint to soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] production in rainfed regions of Asia, Africa, and America. This study was conducted to develop a simple and effective screening method for drought tolerance in soybean. Fifteen soybean cultivars, eight identified to be drought-tolerant and seven drought-sensitive in previous studies, were used for the evaluation of drought tolerance under the new screening conditions. The seedling screening method was consisted of a treatment in a PEG solution and drought treatment in parafilm-layered pots. 5-day-old seedlings were treated in a 18% PEG solution for 4 days and their wilting and hypocotyl browning were recorded. Three seedlings grown in a parafilm-layered pot containing peat moss were drought-stressed by withholding water from the third day after seedling emergence, and root and seedling growth were examined. Degree of drought tolerance were rated based on seedling vigor in the PEG solution and drought-stressed parafilm-layered pots, and also on the penetration ability of roots through parafilm layer. Most of seedlings of the drought-tolerant cultivars showed higher vigour and root penetration than those of the drought-sensitive cultivars under the new screening conditions. Our results indicate that the new method can be used as a simple and effective screening procedure for drought tolerance in soybean breeding programs.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.157-166
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate hospital nurses' delirium screening for postoperative delirium, delirium knowledge, and delirium care using case scenarios at a tertiary hospital in Seoul. Methods: A total of 235 nurses working at surgical units participated in this questionnaire-based study. Five cases scenarios were developed based on diagnosed postoperative delirium cases. Data were collected from April 1 to May 1, 2021. Results: The delirium screening score was 4.20±1.17 out of 5. The delirium knowledge score was 34.35±4.57 out of 47. The delirium care score was 67.61±9.26 out of 92. The correlation between the delirium screening and delirium knowledge was statistically significant (r=.18, p=.005). The correlation between the delirium knowledge and delirium care was statistically significant (r=.25, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings showed that the continuing educations of delirium for hospital nurses and the development of a delirium education programs were important to improve delirium screening and care.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.2533-2540
• /
• 2013

Background: Although screening is necessary where gastric cancer is particularly common in Asia, the performance outcomes of mass screening programs have remained unclear. This study was conducted to evaluate cost-effectiveness outcomes of the national cancer screening program (NCSP) for gastric cancer in South Korea. Materials and Methods: People aged 40 years or over during 2002-2003 (baseline) were the target population. Screening recipients and patients diagnosed with gastric cancers were identified using the NCSP and Korea Central Cancer Registry databases. Clinical outcomes were measured in terms of mortality and life-years saved (LYS) of gastric cancer patients during 7 years based on merged data from the Korean National Health Insurance Corporation and National Statistical Office. We considered direct, indirect, and productivity-loss costs associated with screening attendance. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) estimates were produced according to screening method, sex, and age group compared to non-screening. Results: The age-adjusted ICER for survival was 260,201,000-371,011,000 Korean Won (KW; 1USD=1,088 KW) for the upper-gastrointestinal (UGI) tract over non-screening. Endoscopy ICERs were lower (119,099,000-178,700,000 KW/survival) than UGI. To increase 1 life-year, additional costs of approximately 14,466,000-15,014,000 KW and 8,817,000-9,755,000 KW were required for UGI and endoscopy, respectively. Endoscopy was the most cost-effective strategy for males and females. With regard to sensitivity analyses varying based on the upper age limit, endoscopy NCSP was dominant for both males and females. For males, an upper limit of age 75 or 80 years could be considered. ICER estimates for LYS indicate that the gastric cancer screening program in Korea is cost-effective. Conclusion: Endoscopy should be recommended as a first-line method in Korea because it is beneficial among the Korean population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.229-237
• /
• 2014

Background: Dentists are typically the first professionals who are approached to treat ailments within the oral cavity. Therefore they should be well-equipped in detecting suspicious lesions during routine clinical practice. This study determined the levels of knowledge on early signs and risk factors associated with oral cancer and identified which factors influenced dentist participation in prevention and early detection of oral cancer. Materials and Methods: A survey on dentists' knowledge and their practices in prevention and early detection of oral cancer was conducted using a 26-item self-administered questionnaire. Results and Conclusions: A response rate of 41.7% was achieved. The level of knowledge on early signs and risk habits associated with oral cancer was high and the majority reported to have conducted opportunistic screening and advised patients on risk habit cessation. Factors that influenced the dentist in practising prevention and early detection of oral cancer were continuous education on oral cancer, age, nature of practice and recent graduation. Notably, dentists were receptive to further training in the area of oral cancer detection and cessation of risk habits. Taken together, the study demonstrated that the dental clinic is a good avenue to conduct programs on opportunistic screening, and continuous education in these areas is necessary to adequately equip dentists in running these programs. Further, this study also highlighted knowledge deficits and practice shortcomings which will help in planning and developing programs that further encourage better participation of dentists in prevention and early detection of oral cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.3939-3943
• /
• 2016

Background: According to recent statistics, the breast cancer rate is growing fast in developing countries. In North West of Iran, the incidence of breast cancer after esophageal and gastric cancers has the highest rate. Previous studies have also indicated that women in this region show reluctance to do breast cancer screening. There is a great need for change to promote breast cancer screening among women. Social marketing is a discipline that uses the systematic application of commercial marketing techniques to promote the adoption of behavior by the target audience. Materials and Methods: In the present qualitative study, thirty-two women with breast cancer were interviewed about their experiences of breast cancer screening. A semi-structured interview guide was designed to elicit information specific to the 4 P's in social marketing. Results: Three main categories emerged from the analysis: price, service and promotion. Subcategories related to these main categories included factors effective in increasing and decreasing cost of screening, current and desirable features of screening services, and weakness of promotion. Conclusions: Screening programs should be designed to be of low cost, to meet patients' needs and should be provided in suitable places. Furthermore, it is essential that the cultural beliefs of society be improved through education. It seems necessary to design an executive protocol for breast cancer screening at different levels of primary health care to increase the women's willingness to undergo screening.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.13 no.12
• /
• pp.5989-5994
• /
• 2012

Background: There is little information on longitudinal patterns of participation in faecal occult blood test (FOBT) based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening or on demographic or behavioural factors associated with participation in re-screening. The lack of an agreed system for describing participatory behaviour over multiple rounds also hampers our ability to report, understand and make use of observed associations. Our aims were to develop a system for describing patterns of participatory behaviour in FOBT-based CRC screening programs and to identify factors associated with particular behavioural patterns. Methods: A descriptive framework was developed and applied to a data extract of screening invitation outcomes over two rounds of the NBCSP. The proportion of invitees in each behaviour category was determined and associations between behaviour patterns and demographic and program factors were identified using multivariate analyses. Results: We considered Re-Participants, Dropouts, Late Entrants and Never Participants to be the most appropriate labels for the four possible observed participatory categories after two invitation rounds. The screening participation rate of the South Australian cohort of the NBCSP remained stable over two rounds at 51%, with second round Dropouts (10.3%) being balanced by Late Entrants (10.5%). Non-Participants comprised 38.7% of invitees. Relative to Re-Participants, Dropouts were older, more likely to be female, of lower SES, had changed their place of residence between offers had a positive test result in the first round. Late Entrants tended to be in the youngest age band. Conclusions: Specific demographic characteristics are associated with behavioural sub-groups defined by responses to 2 offers of CRC screening. Targeted group-specific strategies could reduce dropout behaviour or encourage those who declined the first invitation to participate in the second round. It will be important to keep first round participants engaged in order to maximise the benefit of a CRC screening program.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2014

Many inborn errors of metabolism can be completely cured with early detection and early treatment. This is why neonatal screening on inborn errors of metabolism is implemented worldwide. In 1991, the Ministry of Health & Social affairs adopted a nationwide service program for neonatal screening of phenylketonuria, galactosemia, maple syrup urine disease, homocystinuria, histidinemia and congenital hypothyroidism for newborns delivered from low class pregnant women registered in health centers. Government decreased the test items from six to two, PKU and congenital hypothyroidism to increase test numbers with same budget from 1995. 78 laboratories wanted to participate for neonatal screening test in 1999. Government decided to screen six items of PKU, congenital hypothyroidism, maple syrup urine disease, homocystinuria, galactosemia and congenital adrenal hyperplasia from 2006. In 2014, thirteen laboratories are participating. Inter laboratory quality control was started 6 times a year from 1994. In case a patient with an inherited metabolic disease is diagnosed by screening of government program, special milk is provided at government's expense. According to the government project, from 1997 to 2013, 7,080,569 newborns were screened. 144 PKU, 2.451 congenital hypothyroidism were detected. So incidence of PKU is 1/49,170 and congenital hypothyroidism is 1/2,888. The cost benefit of performing screening procedures coupled with treatment has been estimated to be as high as 1.77 times in PKU, 11.11 times in congenital hypothyroidism than cost without screening. By January 2007, many European countries had expanded of their newborn screening programs by inclusion of Tandem mass spectrometry. We are trying to increase the budget to test all newborns for Tandem mass spectrometry from 2016. We are considering four to five central laboratories which cover all newborns and are equipped with tandem mass spectrometer & enzyme immunoassay for TSH, 17OHP & enzyme colorimetric assay for galactose. And I hope to expand test including Wilson disease screening test and lysosomal storage diseases.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.54-72
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted as the primary work to develop a customer relationship management (CRM) system to improve the performance of health screening programs. The specific aims of the study was to identify and classify the characteristics of the people who did not receive their health screening using decision trees and to propose management strategies according to their characteristics identified. The data on a total of 5,102,761 subjects of health screening provided by the National Health Insurance Program in the year of 2002 were used. The target variable was whether they underwent their health screening. The input variables included a total of 27. The SAS 9.1 version was used for data preprocessing and statistical analyses. SAS Enterprise Miner was used to develop the decision trees model. The decision trees identified the factors greatly affecting the health screening. In the non-disease group, the highest rate of non-examinees was characterized by: no experience of receiving a health screen, household's age, non-insured episode for the last one year, and patients' age. In the disease group, the one showing the highest rate of non-examinees was characterized by: no experience of receiving a health screening, no experience of going to public health center or midwife clinic for the last one year, and examinees' age. Developing CRM systems for health screening management taking into account the individual characteristics would be considerably helpful to increase the rate of receiving health screening.