Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
/
v.16
no.4
/
pp.477-485
/
1996
The purpose of this study was to identify the preferable motivation types in science-learning and to find out the relationship between these types and scientific achievement of students in the secondary school. The subjects of the study were the second grade 581 students sampled by random cluster sampling method in three middle schools and three high schools. Three motivation types in science learning were analyzed, and they were named to task-orientation, ego-orientation and work-avoidance. From our results, secondary school students preferred task-orientation and work-avoidance to ego-orientation. In the case of task-orientation, high school students, especially in male group, had much preferable tendency than that of middle school students (p<0.001). It is interpreted that, as the level of scientific content of texts or the cognitive level of students were higher, a preference for the motivation type was focused to the task-orientation, especially in male group. In the case of ego-orientation, the female group showed much preferable tendency than that of male group in middle school (p<0.05). However, the female group in high school students was not different from the other groups in this motivation type. In the case of work-avoidance, there were not only a significant difference between males and females in the middle school (p<0.001), but also difference between middle and high school students in female group (p<0.05). It showed that female group had much preferable tendency than that of male group, and this tendency was decreased to the higher grade students in secondary school. From the analysis of correlation between motivation types and scientific achievement, task-orientation and work-avoidance were correlated to the scientific achievement. Its results were interpreted that the scientific achievement could be accomplished by the external motivation stimulus as well as the scientific content of texts. The task-orientation were comparatively correlated to the intelligence quality. It means that the students having high intelligence quality showed much preferable for the task-orientation.
Lee, Eun Woo;Yoon, Ji Hyeon;Kwon, Yoon Mi;Shin, Tae Ho
Journal of Conservation Science
/
v.36
no.6
/
pp.519-532
/
2020
This study aimed to interpret the coloring materials recorded in the ceremonial writing with the scientific investigation results of the Hanging Painting of the Chiljangsa Temple (Five Buddhas). The results confirm that the Jinboon, Joohong, Hwangdan, Hwanggeum and Seokjahwang are clearly connected to lead white, cinnabar, minium, gold, and orpiment, respectively. Danghayeop and samrok are related to Copper trihydroxychloride, while Daecheong and Joongcheong are azurite, and they seems to be classified by the particle size. Yeonji and Chunghwa are organic dyes in red and blue, respectively, with blue confirming the existence of the side, but Yeonji differs from the names of the ancient texts and Chinese characters; it is unclear whether it is a commonly used Yeonji because of differences in the names of the ancient texts. The presence of Sootohwang has not been confirmed in the gwaebultaeng, but it can be extracted from the soil as a yellow-colored material but the possibility of Deunghwang cannot be ruled out.
Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
/
v.30
no.7
/
pp.901-907
/
2010
The purpose of this study is to analyze methods for measuring the size of the Earth, put forth in 6 different Korean 8th grade science textbooks. The research questions are as follows: 1) Do they adequately map out the experiments for measuring the size of the earth by using the concept of the sun's altitude? 2) Do they reduce the size of the sun like as the Earth is similarly downsized to the globe? 3) Do they suggest the precise experimental conditions for selecting two equal longitudinal spots for measuring the size of the earth? 4) Do they design adequate experiments for exact measurement? 5) Do they offer a proportional expression for seeking the size of globe which is easily understood by students? 6) Do they develop experiments to measure actual size of the earth? Four graduate students and one researcher took part in this study. All conditions were unanimously agreed upon by the participants. The results are as follows. First, one publishing company must include the concept of the sun's altitude to accurately measure the size of the Earth. However, some textbooks fail to mention this. As such, the concept of the sun's altitude must be introduced to accurately measure the size of the Earth. Second, a reduced size globe is used as the actual earth so; the sun should be factored in with a reduced light value. Third, you have to lay a stress on two points at the same longitude. In other words, a shadow located at the same longitude from two randomly selected points. Most textbooks mention two points at the same longitude but two of them design the experiment with a shadow at the same longitude. Fourth, we need a method to precisely measure the angle between a stick and its shadow. The angle between the stick and the tip of its shadow is the sun's altitude difference. Fifth, we need to present more specific proportional expressions for calculating the size of the globe. Only 3 out of the 6 texts employed a proportional expression. Sixth, we need to calculate the size of the earth by accurately presenting the scale of the globe to attain the goal of the experiment. Two of the texts analyzed, designed the experiment for the purpose of calculating the size of the globe. Three of the texts designed their experiments to calculate the radius of globe which is not even relevant to the purpose of experiment.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the inquiry tendency of North Korean chemistry textbook by Romey's method. We analyzed the inquiry tendencies of texts, figures, questions, activities, and summaries by Romey's method. And the following results were compared with those of previous South Korean studies, which method was the same. The 20,017 texts, 541 figures, 140 questions, 243 activities, and 25 summaries in 5 chapters of chemistry textbook of the Higher-level middle school 1 in the Kim Jong-Un Era were analyzed. Results were as follows: texts were authoritarian tendency, figures were authoritarian tendency, questions were excessive inquiry tendency, activities were inquiry tendency, and chapter summaries were drastic authoritarian tendency. The inquiry tendency of North Korean chemistry textbook in higherlevel middle school showed similar tendencies as the textbooks of South Korean chemistry I textbook in the 6th National Science Curriculum. The results of this study are expected to be utilized as basic information and data to understand the inquiry teaching that North Korea science education is aiming at.
Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
/
2022.10a
/
pp.81-83
/
2022
Understanding research trends is necessary to select research topics and explore related works. Most researchers search representative keywords of interesting domains or technologies to understand research trends. However some conferences in artificial intelligence or data mining fields recently publish hundreds to thousands of papers for each year. It makes difficult for researchers to understand research trend of interesting domains. In our paper, we propose an automatic technology keyphrase extraction method to support researcher to understand research trend for each conference or journal. Keyphrase extraction that extracts important terms or phrases from a text, is a fundamental technology for a natural language processing such as summarization or searching, etc. Previous keyphrase extraction technologies based on pretrained language model extract keyphrases from long texts so performances are degraded in short texts like titles of papers. In this paper, we propose a techonolgy keyphrase extraction model that is robust in short text and considers the importance of the word.
Objective : The current wuiwan poses a challenge in understanding related disease because one term refers to many different parts. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to review historical documents and define the areas of wuiwan revolving around the wuiwan-related disease. Method : The Sikuquanshu database, Traditional Chinese Medical(TCM) books webdatabase were studied, and selections were made from the texts that discussed wuiwan. Result & Conclusion : The term wuiwan is used to refer to stomach's capacity. The word wuiwan is first discovered in Neijing. wuiwan-related disease as shown in Neijing does not move beyond the scope of stomach. The view of seeing wuiwan as part of esophagus is discovered in the text which explains dysphagia, and it is believed that this expression was used in the purpose of pointing the airway and the esphagus. Therefore, the reason wuiwan was viwed as esophagus has to be confined within the texts in documents that explain dysphagia or within the Four-Constitution Medicine. Generally, it is more reasonable to see wuiwan within the scope of stomach.
Objectives : This paper provides a general introduction of a person Seopa Lee-yidoo and the contents of his medical text, Uigamsanjeonyogyul. The paper then investigates how this text summarized and recomposed Donguibogam. Methods : The paper first reviews the activities and academic leanings of Lee-yidoo, the author of Uigamsanjeonyogyul, as described in his book Seopa-munjip. Furthermore, the paper compares Donguibogam and Uigamsanjeonyogyul's process of summarizing Donguibogam. Based on this the paper divides these comparisons and introduces examples. Results : When the overall composition, formation, and the original contents of Uigamsanjeonyogyul were compared with the texts of Donguibogam, it was discovered that the former wholly accepted the composition of the latter but made bold summarizations. Meanwhile, Uigamsanjeonyogyul added a detailed list of contents at the beginning of the book, and its original contents provided integration, relocation, and detailed explanations of Donguibogam two sections. It gave changes to bogam's prescription configuration and explanations on the mechanism of diseases, and it also added a section for new prescriptions. Like this, Uigamsanjeonyogyul showed a great deal of knowledge regarding the clinical field. Conclusions : Uigamsanjeonyogyul which was published as a summary of Donguibogam, faithfully follows the texts of Donguibogam. At the same time, it provides summary, improvement, and rearrangement based on the author's academic leanings.
Jacques Derrida took off the self-contradiction of structuralism and built up a theory so called "Deconstruct". By issuing a series of papers which strongly criticized the existing western philosophy, he drew into 'strangers' alienated and deconstructed the methodology of structuralism by getting out of the antagonistic thought attaching great importance to Logos. Discomposition is realized by exposing the ex-structural elements existed inside of structuralism, and is an open philosophy recognizing the dignity and freedom of an individual than the general structure in the methodology of structuralism. Discomposition is a theory for criticizing the conservative thought frame traditional western philosophy, and deconstruct as a method of criticism persists a new epistemology by questioning to all texts including a text of tradition and deconstructing these texts. The contemporary fashion in 1990's shows the discompositive appearances with the different form. textile print and color. By the analysis according to the deconstruct process, the characters of discompositive fashion are undecidability decentring, disorder, and dislocation. Many designers like Martin Margiella, Alexander Mcqueen, and Ann Demeulemeester express these characters on their fashion. The result of this process, the characters of discompositive design can be classified matamorphosis, harmony of the disharmony and coexistence of the ambivalence.bivalence.
Objectives : This paper aims to analyze the origins of the pathogenic qi[邪氣] concept through analysis of related character shapes and examples within the Mawangdui Yishu, where we can grasp the state of medicine pre-Huangdineijing. Methods : Etymology was determined through ancient character analysis, while examples of its usage and original texts were compared to extract their implications. For usage analysis, medical texts of later periods that contained similar verses or contents with the Mawangdui text were compared, through which similarities and changes in meaning of the word or verse were examined. Conclusions : While the term 'xieqi(邪氣, pathogenic qi)' had not yet been mentioned in the Mawangdui text, 'eqi(惡氣)' was used similarly. Wind[風], cold[寒], dampness[濕] were not only understood as terms referring to weather or climate but possible causes for disease. Meanwhile, there was lingering belief from the Shang(商) period that saw disease as God's punishment, which could be seen as transition phenomenon from superstition to rational thought. Through diseases 'wind disease[風病]' and 'bi(痹)', we could determine that medicine at the time was limited to the Yin-yang theory, having not yet integrated the Five phases perspective. Moreover, the possibility of other pathogenic qi elements, 'heat[暑]', 'dryness[燥]', and 'fire[火]' could be assumed to have been embedded in 'wenbing(溫病)'.
Hindi is the most widely spoken language in India, with more than 300 million speakers. As there is no separation between the characters of texts written in Hindi as there is in English, the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems developed for the Hindi language carry a very poor recognition rate. In this paper we propose an OCR for printed Hindi text in Devanagari script, using Artificial Neural Network (ANN), which improves its efficiency. One of the major reasons for the poor recognition rate is error in character segmentation. The presence of touching characters in the scanned documents further complicates the segmentation process, creating a major problem when designing an effective character segmentation technique. Preprocessing, character segmentation, feature extraction, and finally, classification and recognition are the major steps which are followed by a general OCR. The preprocessing tasks considered in the paper are conversion of gray scaled images to binary images, image rectification, and segmentation of the document's textual contents into paragraphs, lines, words, and then at the level of basic symbols. The basic symbols, obtained as the fundamental unit from the segmentation process, are recognized by the neural classifier. In this work, three feature extraction techniques-: histogram of projection based on mean distance, histogram of projection based on pixel value, and vertical zero crossing, have been used to improve the rate of recognition. These feature extraction techniques are powerful enough to extract features of even distorted characters/symbols. For development of the neural classifier, a back-propagation neural network with two hidden layers is used. The classifier is trained and tested for printed Hindi texts. A performance of approximately 90% correct recognition rate is achieved.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.