• 과학교육연구지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.33-46
• /
• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 제7차 교육과정 생물II 교과서의 '광합성' 단원에 나타난 내용 오류를 분석하여 수정 예시를 제시함과 아울러 이 오류가 과목 담당 교사들에 의해 어느 정도 지적되고 수정되는지 조사함으로써 오류가 수정 지도될 가능성을 알아보는데 있다. 이를 위해, 제7차 교육과정 생물II 8종 교과서 광합성 단원에서 오류를 분석하고, 오류가 담긴 교과서 내 지문으로 설문문항을 개발하여 교사들의 오류 인지 및 수정정도를 조사하였다. 8종의 교과서 광합성 단원의 13개 학습주제에서 발견된 오류의 수는 총 48개였으며, 1종의 교과서에서 1개의 학습주제에 대해 4가지 오류가 나타나거나 동일한 오류가 여러 교과서에서 각각 나타나기도 하였다. 35명의 생물II 과목 담당 교사를 대상으로 한 설문 조사 결과, 교과서에 나타난 그래프(문항 6번), 잘못된 용어(문항 4-3번), 잘못된 그림(문항 1-2번) 등과 같은 단순오류의 경우를 오류를 정확히 지적하고 수정한 예가 각각 43%, 40%, 32%로 비율이 높았다. 그러나 광합성의 명반응 과정을 설명하는 삽화에서 에너지 준위의 개념이 접목되어야 하는 오류에 대한 지적을 한 사례는 없었다. 이러한 결과는 생물II 광합성 단원에 나타나는 오류는 정확히 수정되어 지도될 가능성이 낮음을 시사한다. 학생들이 광합성에 대한 오개념을 가질 가능성을 낮추려면 오류를 수정 사항에 대한 자료를 교사들에게 배부하거나 교사연수 또는 워크샵 등을 통해 이에 대한 정보를 나눌 기회가 제공되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국지구과학회지
• /
• 제42권6호
• /
• pp.770-788
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 중학생들이 온실 효과와 지구 온난화를 이해하고, 이를 지구 복사 평형 관점에서 설명할 수 있는지 심층적으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 '대기권과 날씨' 대단원 수업을 완료한 중학교 3학년 118명의 학생을 대상으로, 복사 평형, 온실 효과, 지구 온난화에 대한 선택형 및 서답형으로 구성된 학생 이해 온라인 평가를 2021년 7월 13일부터 7월 24일까지 실시하였다. 최종적으로 97명의 학생 응답을 수집하여 분석한 결과, 과반수(61.9%)가 넘는 학생들이 복사 평형의 의미를 옳게 기술하였으나 제시된 자료와 무관하게 사전 지식이나 구체적 사례를 들어 설명하는 경우가 많았다. 대부분의 학생들(92.8%)은 대기가 있는 지구에서 온실 효과가 나타나는 것을 알고 있었지만, 온실 효과를 복사 평형이 깨진 상태로 생각하는 경향이 높았으며(32.0%), 달과 지구 모두 복사 평형이 일어난다고 응답한 학생(47.4%)은 절반에 미치지 못했다. 온실 효과의 원인으로 대기의 재복사를 찾아낸 학생은 다수(69.1%)였으나, 지구로 입사한 태양 복사량보다 방출한 지표 복사량이 더 크다고 응답한 학생은 소수(39.2%)에 불과하였다. 또한 절반 정도의 학생들(49.5%)이 온실 기체의 증가와 대기 흡수, 이로 인한 지표로의 재복사의 관계를 잘 이해하고 있었다. 그러나 온실 기체가 증가할 때, 지표 방출에 대해서는 증가(14.4%), 일정(9.3%), 감소(7.2%), 무응답(18.6%)으로 의견이 매우 다양하게 나타났다. 복사 평형, 온실 효과, 지구 온난화는 지구계의 균형과 상호작용이라는 빅 아이디어로 연결된 커다란 하나의 의미망이므로 학생들이 지구 온난화로 인한 기후 변화를 이해하고 적용하고 해석하는 개념 체계가 될 수 있다. 따라서 현재 인류에 닥친 기후 변화 위기와 관련해 학생들이 정확한 이해에 근거하여 과학적으로 사고하고 과학적 개념을 정립할 수 있도록, 정교한 프로그램 개발과 수업 경험을 제공하고 그 효과를 점검하는 후속 연구가 진행 되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.23-32
• /
• 1981

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the educational content which had been given by midwifery training program. It was hoped that this result would help. It was sponsored by com-munity health worker plan effective health education. College of Nursing Ewha Womans University and The Korean Nurses Academic Society during the November 19 thru 24, 1979. It was carried out on July through on September 1980, and involved 22 community health workers. The results were as follows: 1. Most of the community health workers came from Seoul ＆ Pusan areas and have been working at the hospitals. There were 31.82% of Head Nurses, 27.2% of Staff Nurses, 22.73% Nurse Supervisons, 13.6% of Nurse Directors and 4.5％ of educational coordinator for Nurses. These participant had nurse-midwifery lincences by 63.64%. None of there had just midwifery lincences. 2, Age structures of the study population shows 31.82% of whom are.26-30 years and 22.73% of whom are 36. 40 years of age. This shown that seniority proportion is higher than the younger. There are 31.82% of 1-5 years, 27.27% of 6-10 year and 11-15 years, respectively by work career. 3. There are 54.55% of the institutions have opened their own midwifery training course for their nursing staff members. Because of lack of the facilities, shortage of instructors, and problems of administrative process. 4. According to the institution which opened for midwifery training courses, the participant was responsible for “midwifery”“Infant care”“MCH”“practice of midwifery”“Nursing adjustment”and“F. P.”5. During the midwifery couse, there were 8 institution who used the textbook and 4 institution who did not. Least of there referned to content matinals which was given by the sponsored. 6. There are 7 insititues who kept their training courses with other professional helps such as physicians., professiors and nurses. Some problems are pointed out by respondents such as“conflict with residents”“poor suportive administration”and“lake of manpower”. 8. The participant showed that they learned new knowledge as trends during this programs for there quality work so it need (one or twice times) a year. But they suggested that it needed more emphasis on the“maternal health care”and“role of the nurse-midwifery”. 9. The analysis of the results are as follows within the 6 areas which are given by the sponsored: There are highest ranks between“basic theory & family planning”“role of midwifery & nursing practice”. In the prenatal care the highest rank ware related to“health risk”on“idenify of risk symtoms”. In the health care areas which related to delivery, the responsers were related to“general conditions”or“high risk criteria”. In the health care area which related to high risk maternity care. In the neonatal health care, the highest rank was related to”health assessment of normal infant”. In the infant health care the responses was related to“abnormal symptoms”and“risk symptoms”. Actually, the participants show that they are more interested in“role of midwifery”“health assessment”and “high risk maternity care”are which emphasised on health promotion, health maintenance & disease preventive. 1) The midwifery training program need higher education for midwifery on a regular basis. 2) Within the open institution of midwifery training program, the nurses must be supported by their own institution and administry of social welfare must give systematic support. Also non-open institution must be open very soon. 3) All health workers including the residents & other workers, must cooperate for their phased common good of impovement of the maternity health. 4) Administration agonies & education institutions must provide the curriculum facilitis and administration systems which are needed for training of nurse-midwifery.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.81-96
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 가정교과와 타 교과에 제시된 소비자역량의 내용과 구성요소를 분석하여 학교 소비자교육에서 청소년의 소비자역량을 함양하기 위해 가정교과가 담당해야 할 역할에 대한 시사점을 도출하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2015 개정 교육과정에 기초하여 집필된 중학교 가정교과와 타 교과인 사회, 도덕, 기술, 국어, 수학, 미술, 체육 교과서를 대상으로 소비자역량 내용, 구성요소를 분석하였다. 소비자역량 내용은 소비자역량을 측정하기 위해 체계화된 한국소비자원의 소비자역량 내용체계를 준거로 활용하여 분석하였고, 소비자역량의 구성요소(지식, 태도, 실천)의 비중과 연계성을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과와 시사점을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가정교과와 타 교과에 제시된 소비자역량의 내용에서 재무역량 이 양적으로 매우 부족하였으며, 가정교과는 재무역량 내용을 거의 다루지 않고 있었다. 둘째, 시민역량에서 책임수용은 비중 있게 다루고 있었던 반면, 권리주장과은 소홀히 다루고 있어, 권리와 책임 사이의 균형이 부족함을 확인할 수 있었다. 셋째, 가정교과에서 거래역량의 '정보통신기술활용'과 시민역량의 '소비자 참여'의 내용을 소홀히 다루고 있어 보완이 필요하였다. 넷째, 사회교과가 양적으로 가장 많은 내용을 다루고 있었으나, 내용의 범위 측면에서는 가정교과가 가장 다양한 소 영역의 내용을 제시하고 있었다. 다섯째, 교과별 소비자역량 내용의 초점을 살펴보면, 가정교과는 개인적 차원의 실천적 방안을 제시하는 내용이 주를 이루었고, 사회교과는 소비환경과 소비환경과의 상호작용을 고려하는 내용이 많았다. 한편, 도덕교과는 소비생활을 성찰하고 소비생활과 관련된 도덕적 문제를 다루고 있었다. 여섯째, 소비자교육 내용은 여전히 지식에 편중되어 있었으며, 소비자역량의 구성요소인 지식, 태도, 실천이 총체적으로 연계되어 제시되지 못하고 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.58-69
• /
• 1994

In order to see the development of Nursing related research activities in Korea over the last three decades, abstracts of almost all of the Master and Ph.D theses that appeared from 1961 up to August 1991 were collected. The number of theses was 2354, from which an index of key words has been constructed. Key words were defined as those terms in each thesis title that convey major objectives of the given thesis study and the important nursing concepts dealt with in the thesis. Although all the key words were picked from the thesis title only, full use was made of the abstracts in deciding the principal objectives and essential contents of the thesis studies and their important concepts as well. In total, 539 kinds of key words were identified from the 2354 titles, and the identified words were all found to be in the International Nursing Index. On an average each title has two key words. Which key words were most frequently used, how they have changed with time, what kind of concept is preferably dealt with by each graduate school, and the concepts to which a given key word is likely to be connected were examined. The results are summerized below : 1) For each decade the theses numbers were as follows : 54(2.3%) from the 60’s, 413(17.5%) from the 70’s, 1523(64.7%) from the 80’s, and 364(15.5%) from the 90’s. Master’s thesis contributed 96% (2252) of the papers and Ph. D’s theses filled the remaining 4%(102). 2) A total of 539 key words were used, averaging about 2 for each thesis. The most frequently used key words were ‘Nurse’, ‘Anxiety’, ‘Knowledge / Attitude /Practice’, ‘Stress /Stressor’, ‘Attitude’, ‘Job-Satisfaction’, ‘Mental Disorder’, ‘Operation’, ‘Elderly’, ‘Nursing Role’. 3) Each decades key words can be classified as : the 60’s : ‘Nursing Education’, ‘Pulmonary Tuberculosis’, ‘Mother-Child Health’, ‘Growth & Development’, ‘Public Facilities’, ‘Mental Disorder’ : the 70’s : ‘Nurse’, ‘Family Planning’, ‘Attitude’ / ‘Knowledge, Attitude / Practice’, ‘Curriculum in Nursing Education’, ‘Clinical Practice in Nursing’, ‘Analysis of the Work of the Nurse’, ‘Health Education of School’, : the 80’s : ‘Nurse’, ‘Anxiety’, ‘Stress /Stressor’, ‘Operation’, ‘Nursing Role’, ‘Job Satisfaction’ : the 90’s : ‘Nurse’, ‘Elderly’, ‘Family-Support’, ‘Stress /Stressor’, ‘Home Care’. Key word ‘Nurse’ appears continuously and most frequently through the years, which indicates that there has been active study of the characteristics of nurses and related fields. The concept ‘Anxiety’ has been studied steadly from the 80’s and it shows that interest in health and disease are increasing Which comes as a result of society changing to an industrial and informational community. 4) Looking into each graduate school’s study area key words ‘Anxiety’, ‘Nurse’, ‘Mental Disorder’, ‘Stress /Stressor’, ‘Operation’, ‘Attitude’, ‘Hemo-dialysis’, were studied in the regular graduate school : ‘Family Planning /Contraception’, ‘Knowledge / Attitude /Practice’, ‘Physical Health-State /Physical Health Examination’, ‘Nurse’, ‘Using Clinical Facilities’, ‘Health Education of School’, were studied in the Graduate School of Public Health’ ; ‘Nurse’, ‘Anxiety’, ‘Stress / Stressor’, ‘Job-Satisfaction’, ‘Clinical Practice Education’, ‘Nursing Education’, were studied in the Graduate School of Education : ‘Nurse’, ‘Job Satisfaction’, ‘Nursing Role’, ‘Administration - Employment /Employment Management’, ‘Leadership’, ‘Personnel Profile’, ‘Nursing Manpower / Changing Working Place’, were studied in the Graduate School of Public Administration. 5) The Connection between key words were : ‘Nurse Job Satisfaction’, ‘Stress / Stressor ⇔ Coping / Ajustment’, ‘Nurse ⇔ Nursing Role’, ‘Anxiety ⇔ Giving Information’, ‘Nurse ⇔ Stress / Stressor’, ‘Anxiety ⇔ Operation’, ‘Nurse ⇔ Burnout’, ‘Knowledge, Attitude, Practice ⇔ Family Planning’, ‘Nurse Administration ⇔ Employment’, ‘Anxiety Muscle ⇔ Relaxation Technic’, ‘Anxiety ⇔ Mental Disorder’. From the above it can be noted that many nursing concepts were handled in the thesis titles. But there were more than enough papers on the characteristics of the nurse. It is suggested that in depth research be made on ‘Nursing Accidents’, t-‘Ethics’, ‘Nurse - Patient Interactions’, ‘Spritual Care’, ‘Dying’, ‘Hospice’, ‘Resident Helper’ and that there should be in depth research relating to the physical and mental development of youth and in particular physical concepts like ‘Drug - Abuse’, ‘Child -Abuse and Teaching’.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.3-50
• /
• 1984

The levels of health knowledge, attitude and practice of housewives considerably effect to the health of households, communities and the nation. This study was designed to grasp the levels of health knowledge, attitude and practice of houswives and analyse the various factors effecting to health in order to provide health education services as well as materials for effective formulation and implementation of health policy to improve the health of the nation. This study has been conducted through interviews by trained surveyers for 4,281 housewives selected from 4,500 households throughout the country for 40 days during July 11-August 20, 1983. The results of survey were analysed by stepwise multiple regression and path analysis are summarized as follows; 1. Based on the measurement instrument applied to this study, the levels of health knowledge, attitude and practice of housewives were extremely low with 54.5 points out of 100 points in full. Higher level with 72 points and above was approximately 21 percent and lower level with 39 points and below was approx. 24 percent. The middle level was approx. 55 percent. In order to implement health programs successively, health education should be more strengthened and to improve the level of health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the nation, political consideration as a part of spiritual reformation must be concentrated on health. 2. The level of health knowledge indicated the highest points with 57.3 the level of attitude was the second with 55.0 points and the practice level was the lowest with 50.0 point. Therefore, planning and implementation of health education program must be based on the persuasion and motivation that health knowledge turn into practice. 3. Housewives who had higher level of health knowledge, showed their practice level was relatively lower and those who had middle or low level of it practice level was the reverse. 4. Correlations among health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) were generally higher and statistically significant at 0.1 percent level. Correlation between total health KAP level and health knowledge was the highest with r=.8092. 5. Health KAP levels showed significant differences according to the age, number of children, marital status, self-assessed health status and concern on health of the housewives interviewed (p<0.001) 6. Health KAP levels also showed significant differences according to the education level, economic status, employment before marriage and grown-up area of the housewives interviewed. (p<0.001) 7. Heath KAP levels showed significant differences according to health insurance benificiary and the existence of patients in the family. (p<0.001). 8. Health KAP levels showed significant differences according to distance to government organizations, schools, distance to health facilities, telephone possession rate, television possession rate, newspaper reading rate and activities of Ban meeting and Women's club. (p<0.001) 9. Health KAP levels showed significant differences according to electric mass communication media such as television, radio and village broadcasting etc. and printed media such as newspaper, magazine and booklets etc., IEC variables such as individual consultation and husband-wife communication, however, there was no significance with group training. 10. Health KAP of the housewives showed close correlation with personal characteristics variables, i.e., education level (r=.5302), age (r=-.3694) grown-up area (r=.3357) and employment before marriage. In general, correlation of health knowledge level was higher than the levels of attitude or practice. In case of health concern and health insurance, correlation of practice level was higher than health knowledge level. 11. Health KAP levels showed higher correlation with community environmental characteristics, Ban meeting and activity of Women's club, however, no correlation with New-village movement. 12. Among IEC variables, husband-wife communication showed the highest correlation with health KAP levels and printed media, electric mas communication media and health consultation in order. Therefore, encouragement of husband-wife communication and development of training program for men should be included in health education program. 13. Mass media such as electric mass com. and printed media were effective for knowledge transmission and husband-wife communication and individual consultation were effective for health practice. Group training was significant for knowledge transmission, however, but not significant for attitude formation or turning to health practice. To improve health KAP levels, health knowledge should be transmitted via mass media and health consultation with health professionals and field health workers should be strengthened. 14. Correlation of health KAP levels showed that knowledge level was generally higher than that of practice and recognized that knowledge was not linked with attitude or practice. 15. The twenty-five variables effecting health KAP levels of housewives had 41 per cent explanation variances among which education level had great contribution (β=.2309) and electric mass com. media (β=.1778), husband-wife communication (β=.1482), printed media, grown-up area, and distance to government organizations in order. Variances explained (R²) of health KAP were 31%, 15%, and 30% respectively. 16. Principal variables contributed to health KAP were education level (β=.12320, β=.1465), electric mass comm. media (β=.1762, β=.1839), printed media, (β=.1383, β=.1420) husband-wife communication (β=.1004, β=.1067), grown-up area and distance to government organizations, in order. Since education level contributes greatly to health KAP of the housewives, health education including curriculum development in primary, middle and high schools must be emphasized and health science must be selected as one of the basic liberal arts subject in universities. 17. Variences explained of IEC variables to health KAP were 19% in total, 14% in knowledge, 9% in attitude, and 10% in health practice. Contributions of IEC variables to health KAP levels were printed media (β=.3882), electric mass comm media (β=.3165), husb-band wife com. (β=.2095,) and consultation on health (β=.0841) in order, however, group training showed negative effect (β=-.0402). National fund must be invested for the development of Health Program through mass media such as TV and radio etc. and for printed materials such as newspaper, magazines, phamplet etc. needed for transmission of health knowledge. 18. Variables contributed to health KAP levels through IEC variables with indirect effects were education level (Ind E=0.0410), health concern (Ind E=.0161), newspaper reading rate (Ind E=.0137), TV possession rate and activity of Ban meeting in order, however, health facility showed negative effect (Ind E=-.0232) and other variables showed direct effect but not indirect effect. 19. Among the variables effecting health KAP level, education level showed the highest in total effect (TE=.2693) then IEC (TE=.1972), grown-up city (TE=.1237), newspaper reading rate (TE=.1020), distance to government organization (TE=.095) in order. 20. Variables indicating indirect effects to health KAP levels were; at knowledge level with R²=30%, education level (Ind E=.0344), newspaper reading rate (Ind E=.0112), TV possession rate (Ind E=.0689), activity of Ban meeting (Ind E=.0079) in order and at attitude level with R²=13%, education level (Ind E=. 0338), activity of Ban meeting (Ind E=.0079), and at practice level with R²=29%. education level (Ind E=.0268), health facility (Ind E=.0830) and concern on health (Ind E=.0105). 21. Total effect to health KAP levels and IEC by variable characteristics, personal characteristics variables indicated larger than community characteristics variables. 22. Multiple Correlation Coefficient (MCC) expressed by the Personal Characteristic Variable was .5049 and explained approximately 25% of variances. MCC expressed by total Community environment variable was .4283 and explained approx. 18% of variances. MCC expressed by IEC Variables was .4380 and explained approx. 19% of variances. The most important variable effected to health KAP levels was personal characteristic and then IEC variable, Community Environment variable in order. When the IEC effected with personal characteristic or community characteristic, the MCC or the variances were relatively higher than effecting alone. Therefore it was identified that the IEC was one of the important intermediate variable.