• 제목/요약/키워드: schwertmanite

검색결과 2건 처리시간 0.019초

산화환경하에서 명반석, 슈베르트마나이트의 형성특징과 환경지구화학적 의미: 달성광산 (Formation of Alunite and Schwertmannite under Oxidized Condition and Its Implication for Environmental Geochemistry at Dalseong mine)

  • 추창오;이진국;조현구
    • 한국광물학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.37-47
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    • 2004
  • 대구광역시에 위치한 달성광산의 폐광석과 하천수에 형성된 황산염 광물인 명반석과 슈베르트마나이트의 특징과 수질변화를 통하여 산화환경하에서의 환경지구화학적 의미를 고찰하였다. 산성광산배수는 하류로 갈수록 pH가 감소하는 특징을 보이는데, 이는 슈베르트마나이트의 형성에 크게 영향을 받는다. Al광물들의 침전작용에 의하여 하천수로부터 Al이 제거되는데, 그 중에서 가장 중요한 Al-황산염광물인 명반석은 Al의 가수분해 상수인 $pK_1$ 이상의 높은 pH환경에서 잘 형성된다. 명반석은 SEM하에서 뚜렷한 구상의 결정체로서 슈베르트마나이트와 수반되고, 높은 포화지수를 나타낸다. 지표환경에 노출된 폐금속광석에서는 산화작용으로 인하여 다양한 이차광물이 기존의 광물표면에 성장하거나, 피복 되어 있다. 명반석은 특징적으로 구형, 싸리버섯 같은 정벽(botrytis-like habit), 또는 방사상의 결정집합체로 나타난다. 또한, natroalunite를 수반하거나, 이 둘의 물리적 혼합체(mixture)를 형성한다. 본 산성광산배수의 유해성분들이 하천을 따라 다소 저감되기는 하나, 슈베르트마나이트가 지속적으로 형성되므로 하류로 갈수록 pH가 감소한다. 그러므로 하상침천물은 쉽게 다시 용해될 수 있다. 따라서, 본 AMD에서 자연저감효과는 미미하며, 여전히 잠재적인 위해 요소를 가지고 있다.

공주제일광산 수계에 분포하는 지하수, 지표수, 토양 및 퇴적물의 환경지구화학적 특성과 중금속 오염 (Environmental Geochemistry and Heavy Matel Contamination of Ground and Surface Water, Soil and Sediment at the Kongjujuil Mine Creek, Korea)

  • 이찬희
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.611-631
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    • 1999
  • Enviromental geochemisty and heary metal contamination at the Kongjueil mine creek were underaken on the basis of physicohemical properties and mineralogy for various kinds of water (surface, mine and ground water),soil, precipitate and sediment collected of April and December in 1998. Hydrgeochemical composition of the water samples are characterized by relatively significant enricant of Ca+Na, alkiali ions $NO_3$ and Cl inground and surfore water, wheras the mine waters are relatively eneripheral water of the mining creek have the characteristics of the (Ca+Mg)-$(HCO_3+SO_4)$type. The pH of the mine water is high acidity (3.24)and high EC (613$\mu$S/cm)compared with those of surface and ground water. The range of $\delta$D and $\delta^{18}O$ values (relative to SMOW) in the waters are shpwn in -50.2 to -61.6% and -7.0 to -8.6$\textperthousand$(d value=5.8 to 8.7). Using computer program, saturation index of albite, calcite, dolomite in mine water are nearly saturated. The gibbiste, kaolinite and smectite are superaturated in the surface and ground water, respectively. Calculated water-mineral reaction and stabilities suggest that weathing of silicate minerals may be stable kaolinite owing to the continuous water-rock reaction. Geochemical modeling showed that mostly toxic heavy metals may exist larfely in the from of metal-sulfate $(MSO_4\;^2)$and free metal $(M^{2+})$ in nmine water. These metals in the ground and surface water could be formed of $CO_3$ and OH complex ions. The average enrichment indices of water samples are 2.72 of the groundwater, 2.26 of the surface water and 14.15 of the acid mine water, normalizing by surface water composition at the non-mining creek, repectively. Characteristics of some major, minor and rate earth elements (Al/Na, K/Na, V/Ni, Cr/V, Ni/Co, La/Ce, Th/Yb, $La_N/Yb_N$, Co/Th, La/Sc and Sc/Th) in soil and sediment are revealed a narrow range and homogeneous compositions may be explained by acidic to intermediate igneous rocks. And these suggested that sediment source of host granitic gneiss colud be due to rocks of high grade metamorphism originated by sedimentary rocks. Maximum concentrations of environmentally toxic elements in sediment and soil are Fe=53.80 wt.% As=660, Cd=4, Cr=175, Cu=158, Mn=1010, Pb=2933, Sb=4 and Zn=3740 ppm, and extremely high concentrations are found are found in the subsurface soil near the ore dump and precipitates. Normalizing by composition of host granitic gneiss, the average enerichment indices are 3.72 of the sediments, 3.48 of the soils, 10.40 of the precipitates of acid mine drainage and 6.25 of the soils near the main adit. The level of enerichment was very severe in mining drainage sediments, while it was not so great in the soils. mineral composition of soil and sediment near the mining area were partly variable being composed of quartz, mica, feldspar, chlorite, vermiculite, bethierin and clay minerals. reddish variable being composed of quartz, mica, feldspar, chlorite, vermiculite, bethierin and clay minerals. Reddish brown precipitation mineral in the acid mine drainage identifies by schwertmanite. From the separated mineralgy, soil and sediment are composed of some pyrite, arsenopyite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, malachite, goethite and various kinds of hydroxied minerals.

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