• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the scapulothoracic mobilization on subject with lateral epicondylalgia. This was done through lateral slide scapular test, grip strength, visual analogue scale, glenohumeral joint external rotation range of motion. Methods: Before the experiment, Lateral slide scapular test, grip strength, visual analogue scale, glenohumeral joint external rotation range of motion were measured. Scapulothoracic joint mobilization was applied and then measurements were taken again to compared the changes. Results: After applying the scapulothoracic joint mobilization, lateral slide scapular test, grip strength, visual analogue scale, glenohumeral joint external rotation range of motion significantly improved. Conclusion: This study found that the scapulothoracic mobilization was effective in improving functional aspects and pain on subject with lateral epicondylalgia. The results suggest that the scapulothoracic joint mobilization is a significant considered intervention method that could be used for subject with lateral epicondylalgia.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined the effects of early stabilization exercise focused on the scapulothoracic joint on the recovery of surgical patients due to rotator cuff tear. Methods: The subjects were 30 patients divided randomly into two groups. Group I consisted of 15 patients who practiced shoulder joint stabilization exercises, including glenohumeral joint movement. Group II consisted of 15 patients who practiced scapulothoracic joint stabilization exercises, excluding glenohumeral joint movement. The duration of stabilization exercise was 30 minutes for one day, five days a week, and five weeks. To measure the dependent variables, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, range of motion (ROM), dynamometer of measured grip were used. Results: The DASH, ROM, and grip power were compared. A significant difference was observed before the intervention in each group (p<.05), and there was no significant difference between group I and group II (p>.05). Conclusion: Both shoulder joint and scapulothoracic joint stabilization exercises were effective after the intervention compared to preintervention, but there was no difference between the two groups. Unlike many recent studies on the initiation of stabilization exercises, this study allays the concerns between the advantages of 'early exercise' and oppositions of previous studies about 'early exercise'. Nevertheless, further research regarding these subjects is needed.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the scapulothoracic joint movement between different weight bearing contributing to effective bench press exercise. Ten male subjects participated in this study. All subjects were tested on the flat bench press machine which modified weight (50% and 70% of 1RM) and subjects were performed two different conditions(none protraction condition and protraction condition). Weight bar height and vertical velocity, EMG activation was measured using 3D motion capture system and wireless EMG analysis system. As the results, none protraction condition showed that it is more concentrate better pectoralis major muscle activation than protraction condition and middle pectoralis major, anterior deltoid and triceps brachii was significant higher integrated EMG in 70% of 1RM condition. In conclusion, limited scapulothoracic joint movement was more effective activated pectoralis major muscle all the weight through, while we could not find that it was not affected integrated EMG on eight muslces related to shoulder complex between scapulothracic joint movement conditions.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of muscles around the scapulothoracic muscles according to the angle of shoulder joint abduction in the prone position. Methods : The participants included 15 adult males who had not undergone orthopedic surgery and did not have shoulder joint impairments. We measured the muscle activity of the upper trapezius, middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior at $120^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, and $60^{\circ}$ shoulder joint abduction angles. Results : There was a significant difference in the comparison of muscle activity in the upper trapezius, middle trapezius, and serratus anterior muscles according to the shoulder joint abduction angle (p<.05). The results of the post test showed that the upper trapezius was significantly different between $120^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ (p<.01), and the middle trapezius was significantly different between $90^{\circ}$ and $120^{\circ}$, and between $90^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ (p<.05). There was a significant difference in the serratus anterior between $120^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ (p<.01), and $120^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ (p<.01). Conclusion : The results of this study could be used to determine an effective shoulder joint abduction angle to reduce muscle activity of the upper trapezius and increase muscle activity of the middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.186-192
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• 1998

This study was performed to evaluate the influences of the passive glenohumeral rotation on the scapulothoracic motion. We took anteroposterior radiograms of the right shoulders including the thoracic vertebrae with supine position in 10 normal male adults, at 0 degree abduction, 45 degrees abduction and 90 degrees abduction in scapular plane and in neutral rotation, maximal internal rotation and maximal external rotation in each abduction view. The scapulothoracic motion was measured as the distances between the vertical line drawn from the spinous process of the 7th cervical vertebra and the inferior and superior angles of the right scapula respectively. At 0 degree abduction, the distances were not changed in internal rotation relative to neutral rotation, but decreased significantly in external rotation, that is, the scapula shifts medially on external rotation. At 45 degrees abduction, the distances were increased significantly only in internal rotation, that is, the scapula shifts laterally on internal rotation. At 90 degrees abduction, the scapula rotated laterally on internal rotation and medially on external rotation. In conclusion, when a physician examines the rotation of the shoulder joint, he cannot exclude the scapulothoracic motion just by examining the patient with supine position. And we concluded that the rotatory movement of the shoulder is not solely contributed to the glenohumeral motion.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2005

Purpose : To describes the important aspects of scapular movement and function used when applying PNF technique to the upper limb and scapular. Method : The scapular was a very important roles in the upper limb movement. This study summarizes the physiologic movement of scapular to the PNF upper extremity patterns or scapular patterns. Result : The shoulder joint has the most freedom of range of motion in the human body, composed of the glenohumeral joint, the subacromial joint, the acromioclavical joint, the sternoclavicular joint, the scapulothoracic joint, the costosternal joint, and the costovertebral joint. During upper limb movement, the scapular position change at the sternoclavicular joint and the acromioclavical joint. This concerted motion was characterized by scapulohumeral rhythm. In clinical situations, it is import to understand factors affect the scapulohumeral rhythm so that optimal evaluation and therapeutic intervention can be devised. Conclusions : The scapular movement depend on the proper and coordinated contraction of muscles. Physical therapists need to understand the normal scapular movement relationships of the scapulohumeral rhythm under different interventions for PNF techniques application.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2003

Overhead athletes에서 특히 자주 볼 수 있는 불안정성 SLAP 병변, Internal impingement, 회전근 개 병변 등의 질환은 개별적으로 나타나는 것이 아니라 여러 질환이 동반되어 나타나므로 진단이나 치료에 어려움이 많다. 어깨 관절 손상의 성공적인 치료 및 운동으로의 복귀를 위하여는 각각의 운동의 생역학적인 측면과 개개의 질환의 증상 및 정확한 진단, 병리기전에 대한 확실한 이해가 선행되어야한다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.221-229
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• 1998

평균 나이 23세.의 건강한 남자 31명을 대상으로 하여 측각도계즐 이용한 견관절운동역을 측정한 결과 Dominant arm과 Non-dominant arm 모두에서 능동운동역에 비해 수동운동역이 증가되었고, 능동운동시 견갑외전, 중립신전, 수평신전, 수평굴곡, 그리고 중립 및 수평내회전에서, 수동운동의 격우에는 견갑외전, 수평굴곡, 그리고 중립 및 수평내회전에서 Non-dominant arm의 운동증가를 보였고, 수평외회전의 경우 Dominant arm의 운동증가소견을 보였다(p〈0.05) .또한 방사선투시기를 이용하여 관절와상완각과 견갑흉곽각의 비(θGH/θST)를 측정해 본 결과 첫째로 Dominant arm과 Non-dominant arm에서 모두 완전거상시 관절와상완각과 견값흥곽각의 비(θGH/θST)는 1.6이었으며 60도이상 150도 거상때까지 지속적으로 견값흉곽운동 분율이 커지는 양상이었다. 둘째천 30도에서 완전거상시까지 운동분율(θGH/θST)은 Dominant arm과 Non-domlnant arm에서 각각 1.2 및 1.3으로 나타났다. 견갑사위는 중립위에서 약 42도였고 거상에 따라 점차 작아졌으며 완전거상시에는 약 20도로 측정되었다. 이렇게 해서 얻어진 방사선조사 각도는 단순방사선 촬영에 적용하여, 견관절 질환 치료 후 운동범위의 회복의 경과를 판정하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2009년도 제17차 학술대회
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• pp.175-175
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• 2009

Despite its importance for the understanding of joint kinematics in vivo, there has been few studies about shoulder joints. The purpose of this study is to analyze the glenohumeral joint during internal and external rotation at 90 degrees of abduction using in vivo noninvasive motion analysis system. MRI was performed for the following seven positions from maximum internal rotation to maximum external rotation at intervals of 30 degrees. We used 3D-gradient echo sequencing (TR: 12 ms, TE: 5.8 ms, 0.8 mm-slice thickness). Our method is based on matching three-dimensional MR images by the similarity of the image intensity. We analyzed the in vivo three-dimensional motions of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joint during this motion. In scapla plane, the mean rotation angle of the glenohumeral join was 105.5 degrees ($SD{\pm}39.0^{\circ}$). The mean rotation angle of the scapulothracic joint was 27.5 degrees ($SD\;{\pm}\;7.7^{\circ}$). The contribution ratio is almost 3.8:1 of glenohumeral and scapulothracic joint respectively.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2024

Background: Limitations of shoulder range of motion (ROM), particularly shoulder internal rotation (SIR), are commonly associated with musculoskeletal disorders in both the general population and athletes. The limitation can result in connective tissue lesions such as superior labrum tears and symptoms such as rotator cuff tears and shoulder impingement syndrome. Maintaining the center of rotation of the glenohumeral joint during SIR can be challenging due to the compensatory scapulothoracic movement and anterior displacement of the humeral head. Therefore, observing the path of the instantaneous center of rotation (PICR) using the olecranon as a marker during SIR may provide valuable insights into understanding the dynamics of the shoulder joint. Objects: The aim of the study was to compare the displacement of the olecranon to measure the rotation control of the humeral head during SIR in individuals with and without restricted SIR ROM. Methods: Twenty-four participants with and without restricted SIR ROM participated in this study. The displacement of olecranon was measured during the shoulder internal rotation control test (SIRCT) using a Kinovea (ver. 0.8.15, Kinovea), the 2-dimensional marker tracking analysis system. An independent t-test was used to compare the horizontal and vertical displacement of the olecranon marker between individuals with and without restricted SIR ROM. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Vertical displacement of the olecranon was significantly greater in the restricted SIR group than in the control group (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in the horizontal displacement of the olecranon (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that individuals with restricted SIR ROM had significantly greater vertical displacement of the olecranon. The results suggest that the limitation of SIR ROM may lead to difficulty in rotation control of the humeral head.