• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 2017

뇌성마비 환자들은 식이자세와 잇솔질에 대해 스스로 행동할 수 없기 때문에 의과적 치과적인 문제에 더 취약할 수 밖에 없다. 낮은 사회경제적 지위와 심각한 운동장애를 가진 뇌성마비 환자들은 특히 치과치료에서 소외되기 쉽다. 의과적 치료와 함께 구강관리는 뇌성마비 환자들의 삶의 질에 매우 중요한 관련이 있다. 그러므로, 장애인들의 삶의 질을 향상시키고 의료혜택으로부터 소외되지 않도록 정기적인 검진과 예방치료를 받기 위해서는 국가차원에서 공공의료서비스 및 시스템이 필요하다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2017

Objectives: The objective of the study was to investigate the use of dental hygiene devices in Korean adolescents. Methods: The study subjects were 70,362 adolescents in 800 schools who completed the 2015 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based survey. Dependent variables included usage of dental floss, interdental brushes and mouthwash solutions. Independent variables included demographic characteristics of the subjects, health state and behaviors, and oral health behaviors and experience of oral diseases. Results: The related factors of usage of dental hygiene devices included gender, where females showed higher usage (OR=1.10) compared to males, father and mother's level of education where usage was higher in above university graduates (OR=1.20, OR=1.14) compared to less than high school graduation, economic status where usage was higherin high and middle (OR=1.93, OR=1.26) compared to low, vigorous physical activity where usage was higher in those who responded yes (OR=1.35) compared to no, subjective weight recognition where usage was higher in normal (OR=1.07) compared to under weight, sleep time where usage was higher in enough (OR=1.12) compared to not enough, number of toothbrushing (day) where usage was higher in 2 times or over 3 times (OR=1.35, OR=1.75) compared to below 1, oral health education experience (OR=1.10), sealant experience (OR=1.17) and scaling experience (OR=1.45) where usage was higher in those who responded yes compared to no, school where usage was lower in high school (OR=0.64) compared to middle school, residential type where usage was lower in rural area (OR=0.74) compared to metropolitan area, living form where usage was lower in other (OR=0.77), compared to with family, smoking (OR=0.93), and alcohol drinking (OR=0.90) where usage was lower in those who engage in the activities compared to those who didn't, BMI where usage was lower in normal (OR=0.87) and over weight (OR=0.98) compared to under weight. Conclusions: To expand the use of dental hygiene devices in the adolescents, it is necessary to improve the continuing education program for need and motivation of dental hygiene device usage.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.201-212
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine about workers' oral health status and oral health behavior practice. Methods : Questionnaire survey was carried out targeting 331 workers within the industrial complex of Jeonju city in 2011. As a result of surveying and analyzing workers' oral health status, habit related to oral health, activity restriction, which is oral disease phase, and oral health practice level by using SPSSWIN 12.0. Results : 1. Workers' experience of visiting dental hospital(clinic) for the past one year was indicated to be the highest with 64.9% in the working period with 10 years-under 20 years(p<0.001). Experience of scaling was indicated to be averagely 38.8%. 2. The oral health status perceived by workers was the highest with 40.5% in 'having something abnormal'. A problem was the highest with 28.0% in 'dental caries'. A cause was indicated to be 42.6% in 'because of being naturally weak in tooth or the gum.' The biggest reason for having failed to receive the dental treatment at a proper time was indicated to be the highest with 24.8% in 'because of feeling burdensome about dental expense. '3. 58.4% of male workers were smoking. The use of dental hygiene device was the highest with 40.6% in mouth-rinse. 4. Absence caused by oral disease was indicated to be the highest with 13.8% in the household income in more than 3,500,000won, thereby having shown the significant difference(p<0.05). Early leaving was indicated to be the highest 13.9% in more than 50s age, thereby having shown the significant difference(p<0.05). Also, as for factors of absence and early leaving, a pain was the highest with 64.7%. 5. Workers' oral health practice level was the highest with 2.85 points in 'Brushing teeth before going to bed'. Conclusions : Synthesizing these findings, the oral management could be known to be made negligently in the workers with the older age, the lower academic background, and the lower income. The institutional foundation is considered to be necessary for which the oral health education can be efficiently performed in addition to a need of periodic oral examination for these classes.

• 감성과학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.55-70
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• 2016

본 연구는 커피를 마시는 대학생들이 커피음용 행동의 의미에 대해 어떻게 지각하고 있는지를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 대학생 15명을 연구 참가자로 선정하여 커피음용 행동의 의미에 대한 아이디어를 산출하고, 그 내용을 바탕으로 69개의 진술문을 도출해냈다. 이후 다차원 척도 분석과 위계적 군집분석을 사용하여 개념도분석을 실시하여 참가자들의 개념적 구조를 확인하였다. 그 결과 대학생들이 지각하는 커피 음용 행동의 의미에 대한 구성 요인으로 7개의 군집이 도출되었다. 각 군집은 '개인이 원하는 신체적 효과를 얻기 위한 방법', '사교 활동의 수단', '심리적 위안을 얻기 위한 방법', '공간 활용 및 사적인 시간을 보내기 위한 음용', '습관적 음용 및 카페인의 효과 이용', '커피만의 다양한 특성과 매력을 즐김', '커피의 도시적이고 고급스러운 이미지 선호'로 나타났다. 또한 각 군집을 분류하는 두 가지 차원을 알아본 결과, 커피 내적고려-커피 외적고려 차원과 정서적 요인-물리적 요인의 두 차원을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편 군집별 중요도를 살펴본 결과, 대학생이 커피음용의 행동의 의미로 가장 중요하게 생각하는 요인은 '공간 활용 및 사적인 시간을 보내기 위한 음용'으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 연구의 의의 및 후속연구를 위한 제한점을 제시하였다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the cognition of dental caries prevention by the level of socioeconomic status based on Gallup survey in Korea. Methods: This study was done by Korean Gallup survey in October, 2010. A trained researcher carried out the computer aided telephone interview(CATI) using a structured questionnaire. This study was based on the latest population statistics of resident registration and whole country's phone data base. This survey included 869 selected Korean adults over 19 years old, and they were asked to answer a CATI. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects and socioeconomic factors including age, gender, education level, monthly income, and residential area. Cognition of dental caries prevention was measured by Likert 4 scale including 'much', 'a little', 'rarely', and 'never'. The attitude toward dental caries prevention consisted of daily tooth brushing frequency, experience of oral health education, regular dental checkup, chewing gums(xylitol), regular scaling, and use of oral care devices. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 for frequency analysis, t-test, chi-square test, and one way ANOVA. Cronbach's alpha was 0.462 in oral health concern and attitude. Results: Mean of the frequencies of daily tooth brushing in men was 2.54 times and 2.78 in women. By the comparison to age group, 35-44 years old group had 2.82 times, 19-37 years old group had 2.72 times, and 45-64 years old group had 2.51 times. The level of education and monthly income was proportional to the tooth brushing frequency. Highly educated and higher monthly income group received regular dental checkup within a year and used the auxiliary oral health care devices. Conclusions: This study suggested the relationship between dental caries prevention and socioeconomic status. It is important to provide the low socioeconomic group with the better oral health promotion services in the future.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2016

This study examined the relationship between macrobenthic distribution patterns and environmental factors in salt marsh vegetation in Donggeomdo, Ganghwa on the west coast of Korea. Nine stations were fixed on a transect across the salt marsh vegetation, and field sampling was carried out monthly from July 1997 to June 1998. A total of 38 species of macrobenthos were recorded: each of faunal groups, 13 (34.2%) Arthropoda, 12 (31.6%) Polychaeta, 8 (21.1%) Mollusca, and 5 (13.2%) others. The mean density was $2,659individuals/m^2$, with a mean biomass of $178.6gWWt/m^2$. Mollusca dominated in terms of abundance and biomass, with a mean density of $2,172individuals/m^2$ (81.7%) and a mean biomass of $131.9gWWt/m^2$ (73.9%). The number of species decreased in winter (January-February), while mean density increased in the spring (May-June). The biomass was relatively in Summer and Fall (July-November), than any other season. The number of species was high in pure stands of Suaeda japonica in the lower salt marsh vegetation, and the mean density and biomass were high in mixed halophyte communities in the middle salt marsh vegetation. Two Mollusca, the bivalve Glauconome chinensis and gastropod Assiminea lutea, were dominant. The densities of these two species were high in mixed halophyte communities in the middle salt marsh vegetation. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (nMDS) showed that the study area could be divided into four groups corresponding to the vertical distribution of tidal levels and halophytes. Spearman's rank correlation revealed that the distribution patterns and community structure of macrobenthos were related to environment variables such as salinity of the substrates, exposure time, and grain size compositions of the sediment in the salt marsh vegetation. Particularly, the distribution and density of some dominant species showed differences along the vertical distributions of halophytes.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.489-498
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• 2005

최근 콘크리트 구조물의 성능 저하는 염해, 중성화, 동결융해 및 기타 요인에 의해 증가하고 있고 콘크리트 성능 저하를 방지하기 위해 다양한 대책이 강구되고 있다. 이러한 콘크리트 성능 저하를 방지하기 위한 방법 중에 콘크리트 표면을 보호함으로써 성능 저하 요인을 차단할 수 있는 콘크리트 표면 처리제가 종종 사용되고 있다. 콘크리트 보수$\cdot$방수재료는 에폭시와 같은 유기계 재료가 많이 사용되고 있으며, 이런 재료는 초기접착력과 내약품성이 우수한 장점을 가지고 있다 그러나 이런 유기재료는 콘크리트와의 탄성계수 및 수축팽창율이 차이로 시간이 경과함에 따라 박리, 들뜸 현상이 발생하는 등 내구성에 문제가 있는 것으로 지적되고 있다. 한편 최근 콘크리트 구조물의 내구성 및 방수성능을 향상시키기 위해 무기질계 침투형 보수$\cdot$방수재의 사용사례가 증가하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 콘크리트 표면을 강화시켜 $CO_2$ 가스, 염화물 이온 등의 열화물질을 차단시키며 동시에 방수성능을 부여할 수 있는 콘크리트 침투형 성능개선제를 개발하였다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.489-494
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• 2006

우리나라 남 서해안에 분포하는 261개의 무인도서에 대해, 생태계 보전과 귀화식물종의 효율적인 관리를 위하여, 섬생물 지리학적 방법론에 의한 귀화식물종의 분포와 확산 pattern 및 섬의 지리적 환경과의 상관성 분석을 수행하였다. 조사된 261개 도서 중 귀화식물 종은 229(87.7%)개 도서에서 총 106종이 관찰되었다. 도서 당 귀화식물 종수는 평균 4.6 $\pm$ 4.07)이었으며, 서해그룹보다 남해그룹에 속한 도서에서 많았다. 귀화식물 종당 관찰된 무인도서 수는 평균 12.9 $\pm$ 25.92)개였고, 100개 이상의 도서에서 관찰된 종은 귀화도(5등급)가 높은 소리쟁이(R. crispus L.; 153개)와 개망초(E. annuus Pers.; 130개), 망초(C. canadensis (L.) Cronquist; 121개)의 3종이었다. 106개 귀화식물 종의 출현 빈도에는 도서 면적과 육지와의 최단거리, 인간간섭 강도 및 위 경도 등이 모두 유의한 상관성을 나타냈으며, 면적(r=0.182)보다는 최단거리(r=-0.330)와의 상관성이 더욱 높은 것으로 나타났다. 경로분석 결과 귀화식물 종수는 도서의 면적이 증가할수록, 그리고 육지와의 거리가 가까울수록 종수가 증가하였으나, 인간 간섭 효과는 매우 낮았다. 회귀 분석 결과, 106종의 귀화식물 종의 분포는 육지와의 최단거리가 10.9%의 설명력으로 제일 높았으며, 면적을 추가했을 경우에는 회귀 직선으로 귀화종수 변화의 21.8 %까지 설명할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 무인도서에서 귀화식물의 관리와 생태계 보전을 위한 기초 자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.266-274
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• 2015

The price for health service are decided by very complicated process because many of factors are related with them. The RBRVS(resource-based relative value scale) were used to calculate the Korean health service fees including dental fees. This study aimed to compare dental fees of Korea with other countries, such as Japan, Germany, and the US for evaluating the adequacy. Dental fees were categorized as oral evaluation and imaging, dental treatment including restorative, periodontal, and surgical work, and preventive treatment and compared by each country. The official documents about dental fees were collected from Korea, Japan, Germany, and the US. Each fee was presented as their own currency at first. Then they were converted into Korean won (KRW) by applying the market exchange rates at a specific point of time. Finally the fees were adjusted by purchasing power parities (PPPs) which equalize the different currencies. In general, the level of Korean fees were markedly low compared to those of Japan, Germany, and the US. German fees were similar or higher than that of Japan, and the US. The Korean fees were lower than three other countries 1.2~4.1 times for oral evaluation and 2.2~7.3 times lower for panoramic radiography. The endodontic fees of Japan, Germany, and the US were higher 1.8~15.3 times and 4.0~35.9 times for the deciduous teeth extraction compared to the Korean. In Japan the prophylaxis was 3.2 times more priced than the Korean fee. Exceptionally, the fees for re-evaluation, amalgam filling, and scaling were lower priced in Japan than other countries. This study has limitations on the items in definition and contents of dental practices units which were not exactly comparable and differently determined by countries. However, this study is meaningful because it surveyed the price levels to compare four different countries and then applied PPPs adjustment. This finding can be used to develop the dental RBRVs of Korean national health insurance and will contribute to improving the payment systems of health care.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.270-285
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• 2005

해상도 변환모듈과 움직임 예측모듈은 트랜스코더를 이루는 중요한 모듈이다. 본 논문에서는 트랜스코더 시스템의 이 두 가지 모듈을 공동 최적화하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법은 먼저 주어진 움직임 벡터에 대해 해상도 변환모듈을 최적화한 후, 최적화된 해상도 변환모듈에 대해 최적의 움직임 벡터를 결정한다. 기존 해상도 변환 기법들은 한 영상에 대해 변환함수를 최적화하여 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 해상도 변환 최적화를 위하여 적응적 3차 회선 변환기를 제안한다 제안된 방법은 3차 회선 변환기의 인자값을 각 매크로블록 단위로 영상의 지역적 특성을 고려하여 적응적으로 조절한다. 움직임 예측모듈에서는 기존의 고속 트랜스코더 알고리듬에서 많이 연구된 움직임 벡터의 재사용 기법을 사용하였다. 입력 영상의 움직임 벡터를 재사용 함으로써 연산량을 줄일 수 있고 이를 기본 움직임 벡터로 사용해 작은 영역에서 재탐색해 움직임벡터를 결정할 경우 전역탐색기법과 거의 동일한 화질의 영상을 얻을 수 있다. 해상도 변환모듈과 움직임 예측모듈의 공동 최적화를 통해서 트랜스코딩된 영상의 화질 열화를 최소화할 수 있는 알고리듬을 제안한다. 실험 결과 본 논문에서 제안하는 공동 최적화 기법이 기존에 연구 되었던 다른 기법에 비해 화질의 열화가 적은 것을 알 수 있었고, 이를 통해 다른 기법과 비교해 해상도 변환으로 인한 정보의 손실이 가장 적음을 알 수 있다.