• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.53-72
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• 1999

IPQC system was introduced for the flight safety at the age of scientific safety management in the 1980s. In spite of performing this system, aircraft accidents caused by human factors, which were above 70% among all flight accident factors, have not been reduced. Accordingly, throughout this paper I analyzed the aircraft accident factors by means of a literature study and a pilot survey. Then, based on the notion of TQC(Total Quality Control), I hierarchically classified Individual Quality into Capacity Management, Safety Management, and General Management and did the low-ranked management factors as well. AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), one of the scientific management methods, was used for estimating the relative importance of Individual Quality Control factors and the heavy aircraft accident causes over the last 20 years were analyzed according to the flight ranks. Based on the comparative analysis of results derived above, an IPQC model as flight ranks is established. In short, according to this newly suggested model we can obtain the maximum flight safety with the preventive actions against aircraft accidents caused by human factors and by improving the operation effect under the reasonable pilot management.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.473-492
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• 2016

Objective: This paper discusses the recent challenges to human factors engineering due to the safety culture. Background: As incidents occurring in specific fields such as logistics, plant, energy and medical sectors in Korea, as well as in the public sectors including railway, road, aviation and shipping, are recently raised as social issues from the disaster dimension, those incidents are dealt with as man-made disasters in many cases. The trend regarding all accidents as man-made disasters has been expanded in the active perspective that the controllability of all incidents should be ensured in technology development, due to change from a fatal point of view regarding disasters as random occurrence of uncertainties in the past. Method: Man-made disasters are concluded as human errors, and safety culture stands out as a cause of human errors or a new cause item recently. Because safety culture, however, is a very comprehensive term, of which true nature is obscure, although many definitions of safety culture have been presented, the safety culture may make avoid the true nature and responsibility of an incident, or make the main player and subject obscure. Raising safety culture as a cause without presenting a specific countermeasure will be just a wisdom of hindsight. Results and Conclusion: This study reviews the fundamental discussions on "Is safety culture a task of human factors engineering?" and the existing approach carried out from various perspectives in order to seek an effective approach on the new task of safety culture in the human factors engineering field. This study discusses an engineering approach to meet a precondition that safety culture is not just an added factor through a review of the approaches in the proactive fields such as nuclear power and aviation, and the traditional approaches of human factors engineering. Application: This study especially defines the perspective of socio-technological system that has expanded the existing man-machine system, and discusses a systemic approach embracing various interactions, and several overriding tasks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2022.04a
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• pp.127-128
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• 2022

The construction industry has a higher disaster rate than other industries, so safety education and management are highly important. In order to reduce the construction accident rate, it is necessary to study the key safety management factors reflecting the characteristics of the construction industry, where there are differences in processes and manpower input for each process, and a small number of managers. Therefore, in this study, key safety management factors for each Process of construction were derived through cross-analysis between safety accident types and accident occurrence objects through disaster case data. The extracted key safety management factors are expected to provide useful information for safety education and supervision of construction sites.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.123-134
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• 2015

This study was conducted with the following three study objectives. First, effects of safety awareness level of lab researchers to the improvement of safety culture in the organization Second, effects of organizational safety behaviors to the improvement of safety culture Third, test of mediating effects of organizational safety behaviors in the relationship between safety awareness level and the improvement of safety culture. The results show that organizational safety behavior is an indispensable factor for the improvement level of safety culture. Especially, the factors in safety training activities, safety compliance and management system are mediating variables which affect the safety awareness level and improvement level of safety culture, which shows these variables are very important factors in reducing safety accidents through the improvement of safety culture. Therefore, safety behaviors in the organization should be considered with priority. If the organization leads to improve safety awareness through regular safety training and rewards and punishes according to the test results, safety awareness could be improved. This study was conducted to identify the necessary factors to improve the overall safety culture in the organization and contribute to the diffusion of safety culture by improving the safety training awareness of the researchers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.179-183
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• 2010

The safety accident is one of the formidable issues in construction field, and in order to prevent safety accident, contractors perform safety education, safety control document, meeting with labors, and safety instruction in construction phase. However, safety accident is occurred continuously, it is needed to analyze which factors are affected to safety accident. day of the week, daily construction cost, and daily work task were selected as those factors. The result in this research represented that those factors were not considered as an critical one in safety accident. Because of approach limitation to safety accident, only two case studies were collected. If more safety accident cases are gathered in future study, it will clarify the cause of safety accident and will prevent safety accident.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study is to suggest some improvement ideas based on the validity and the reliability analyses of the current safety culture measurement method applied to the Korean nuclear power industry. Background: Wrong safety culture is known as one of the major causes of the disasters such as the space shuttle Columbia disaster or the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident. Assessment of safety culture of an organization is important to build a safer organizational environment as well as to identify the risks hidden in the organization. Method: A face validity of the current safety culture measurement method was analyzed by comparison of the key factors of safety culture in the Korean nuclear power industry with those factors reviewed in the previous studies. The current interview method was analyzed to identify the problems which degrade the consistency of evaluation. Results: Most safety culture factors reviewed in the literatures are covered in the list of the Korean nuclear power industry safety culture factors. However the unstructured questions used in the interview may result in inconsistency of safety culture evaluation among interviewers. Conclusion: This study suggests some examples which might improve the consistency of interviewers' evaluation on safety culture such as a post interview evaluation form. Application: An extended post interview evaluation form might help to increase the accuracy of the interviewing method for Korean nuclear industry safety culture evaluation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.55-70
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• 2020

This study aims to identify the influence of risk-inducing factors and safety inspection on the measures of reducing accidents among workers of building structures in small construction sites. The result can be summarized as follows: First, as for the influence of risk-inducing factors on human factors, preparation for work, disintegrating molds, taking follow-up measures, and keeping records, have statistically significant influences. Therefore, it can be said that safety inspection has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and human factors. Second, as for the influence of risk-inducing factors on facility factors, preparation for work, and taking follow-up measures influenced significantly. This indicates that safety inspection has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and facility factors. Third, as for the influence of risk-inducing factors on management factors, the installation of shores and risk assessment are found to have significant effects. This shows that safety inspection has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and management factors. Fourth, the influence of risk-inducing factors on work factors was significant only in the installation of shores. This indicates that safety inspection has a completely mediating effect in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and work factors. Finally, in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and accident reduction measures, preparation for work, installation of shores, and taking follow-up measures showed significantly positive influences. In contrast, keeping records has a significant negative influence. Thus, safety inspection has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between risk-inducing factors and management factors.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.505-510
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• 2021

Background: Factors related to root causes can cause commonly occurring accidents such as falls, slips, and jammed injuries. An important means of reducing the frequency of occupational accidents in small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMSEs) of South Korea is to perform intensity analysis of the root cause factors for accident prevention in the cause and effect model like decision models, epidemiological models, system models, human factors models, LCU (life change unit) models, and the domino theory. Especially intensity analysis in a robot system and smart technology as Industry 4.0 is very important in order to minimize the occupational accidents and fatal accident because of the complexity of accident factors. Methods: We have developed the modern cause and effect model that includes factors of root cause through statistical testing to minimize commonly occurring accidents and fatal accidents in SMSEs of South Korea and systematically proposed educational policies for accident prevention. Results: As a result, the consciousness factors among factors of root cause such as unconsciousness, disregard, ignorance, recklessness, and misjudgment had strong relationships with occupational accidents in South Korean SMSEs. Conclusion: We conclude that the educational policies necessary for minimizing these consciousness factors include continuous training procedures followed by periodic hands-on experience, along with perceptual and cognitive education related to occupational health and safety.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 2021

This study was conducted to suggest a direction in which safety managers can concentrate on industrial accident prevention and safety management for the organization. The job resources of safety managers were divided into organizational and individual levels, and the magnitude of the impact on organizational commitment was compared. Furthermore, job demands were classified into environmental risk factors and personal psychological factors to confirm their effect on organizational commitment. The moderating effect of job resources and sub-factors of the variable in the relationship between job demands and organizational commitment was verified. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 193 safety managers in the domestic electric construction business, data were collected, and a questionnaire of 180 people was used for the final analysis. Based on the results, organization-level resources among the sub-factors of job resources and individual psychological factors among the sub-factors of job demand had a more significant influence on organizational commitment. In the relationship between job resources and organizational commitment, the moderating effect of job demand was verified, confirming that job demand had a negative moderating effect. Individual psychological factors had a modulating effect, whereas environmental factors did not. The significance, implications, and limitations of this study are discussed based on the research results.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.170-179
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• 2022

Background: The vulnerability of international migrant workers is on the rise, affecting the frequency of occupational accidents at workplaces worldwide. If migrant workers are managed in the same way as native workers, the consequences on safety assurance and risk management will be significant. This study aimed to develop the vulnerability factor model for migrant workers in seafood processing industries because of significant risk-laden labor of Thailand, which could be a solution to control the risk effectively. Methods: A total of 569 migrant workers were surveyed (432 Burmese and 137 Cambodian), beginning with 40 initial vulnerability factors identified in the questionnaire established from experts. The data were analyzed through descriptive analysis; exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to ascertain the model. Results: The result of content validity >0.67 and the Cronbach's alpha of 0.957 specified the high reliability of 40 factors. The EFA indicated a total variance of 65.49%. The final CFA validated the model and had an empirical fitting; chi-square = 85.34, Adjust Goodness-of-Fit Index = 0.96, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.016. The structure concluded with three dimensions and 18 factors. Dimension 1 of the structure, "multicultural safety operation," contained 12 factors; Dimension 2, "wellbeing," contained four factors; and Dimension 3, "communication technology," contained two factors. Conclusion: The vulnerability factor structure developed in this study included three dimensions and 18 factors that were significantly empirical. The knowledge enhanced safety management in the context of vulnerability factor structure for migrant workers at the workplace.