• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.156-161
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• 2016

An accident of an ammonia tank pipeline at a storage plant resulted in one death and three injuries in 2014. Many accidents including toxic gas releases and explosions occur in the freezing and refrigerating systems using ammonia. Especially, the consequence can be substantial due to that the large amount of ammonia is usually being used in the refrigeration systems. In this study, offsite consequence analysis has been investigated when ammonia leaks outdoors from large storages. Both flammable and toxic effects are under consideration to calculate the affected area using simulation programs for consequence analysis. ERPG-2 concentration (150 ppm) has been selected to calculate the evacuation distance out of various release scenarios for their dispersions in day or night. For offsite residential, the impact area by flammability is much smaller than that by toxicity. The methodology consists of two steps as followings; 1. Calculation for discharge rates of accidental release scenarios. 2. Dispersion simulation using the discharge rate for different conditions. This proactive prediction for accidental releases of ammonia would help emergency teams act as quick as they can.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 2011

Heat release characteristics of live fire load are an important parameter for performance oriented fire safety design of a building. While investigations have been carried out on the fire load and its burning behavior in office, residential and commercial buildings and so on, little effort has been paid for the rational treatment of fire load in bookstore. In this report, burning behavior of typical combustible objects in bookstore are studied by measuring heat release rates of bookshelf with book. Based on the results, it has reviewed fire safety when a fire accident occurs on the large bookstore and suggested peak heat release rate per burning surface, fire growth rate, etc of the live fire load required for fire safety design in bookstore.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.81-90
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• 2016

Research and development activities have been actively conducted at universities, research institutions and research laboratories which belong to corporations. Because of blooming research and development activities in various fields, safety accidents in the laboratories happen consistently. The government office established Act on the establishment of safe laboratory environment to decrease safety accident rates and make environment of laboratories better, and it is effective slowly. However, in the case of laboratory safety management of the laboratory where various research and development activities are carried out. So it is difficult to closely monitor them. Even though safety inspections and periodic inspections is regularly conducted, these are focused on facilities and environment. According to a study of Dea-deok science town safety council, accidents in laboratories of 73% have arisen out of careless actions. Therefore, it is important for researchers to know to potential harmful factors in research. there is necessary to make a system to prevent laboratory accidents. The purpose of this study is that the researchers discovered potential hazard factors in laboratories. For that, foreign laboratory safety management systems has applied to domestic laboratories. Four laboratories in targeted institution has been selected to apply the appropriate personal protection equipments, job safety assessment and standard operating procedures. And I found the limitations of the process according to the excavations harmful factors in the research process. To overcome these limitations, Suggest a laboratory safety management system. This study discovered current laboratory safety system limitations and provides alternatives so that effective safety management can be achieved.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.3-10
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• 2014

As the income level of a country gets improved, people's social, economic, and cultural expectation will grow at the same time. Although the income level of Korea has been remarkably improved, her work-related fatality rate is the highest among OECD countries. Moreover, the rate hasn't been reduced for more than 10 years. This study aims to provide appropriate measures for work-related fatality reduction by comparing the income levels and the work-related fatality rates of countries and by analysing the problems of our worker-oriented accident prevention policy. For the comparison of income level and work-related fatalities, this study suggests income-level incorporated fatality rate, and it turned out that the rate of Korea is the highest among the countries. In order to find out the causes of that result, this study has found that our law enforcement is much weaker than that of UK, which implicates more strict law enforcement policy is needed to improve our work-related safety.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.83-88
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• 2019

The 7,993 cases of Survey Report of Fatal Industrial Accidents conducted jointly by the MEOL and the KOSHA for the recent seven years(2007-2013) were categorized according to personal and occupational characteristics, industry types, business sizes, job types, activities at the time accident, types of accidents, material agents(assailing materials), unsafe conditions, and unsafe acts. And it is found that among the 72.2 percent of fatal occupational accidents in the construction and manufacturing industries are caused by falling, sticking, bumping and being caught under objects & overturning. For this study, through the empirical analysis on causes of fatal industrial accidents, was used to identity high risk groups based on total data of 7,993 victims of occupational accidents. An annual fatal occupational injury (FOI) rate per 10,000 workers was about 0.47‱. The middle-aged group and the elderly group showed the highest FOI rates per 10,000 workers (0.73‱, 0.80‱), and the daily workers showed the highest FOI rate (1.46‱), and the craft and related trades workers showed the highest FOI rate (2.17‱). In case of industry type the mining industry (7.26‱) showed the highest FOI rate, followed by the sewerage, waste management, materials recovery and remediation activity industry (3.91‱) and the construction industry (2.71‱). The primary high risk target group that requires a strategy designed to reduce fatal occupation injuries caused by falling and bumping & contact(collision) is the construction industry, and the secondary high risk target group in the construction industry is classified as the equipment, machine operating and assembling workers in the construction industry, those aged 50 years old and above need the prevention measures against bumping & contact(collision) and being caught under an object & falling(objects), while those aged less than 50 years old need prevention measures against falling(persons).

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.90-100
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• 2018

Government needs a risk assessment method that is effective in preventing accidents as a part of the three principal projects of the government for protecting the people's lives for establishing preventative measures to prevent accidents in the construction sites, which accounted for more than half of all accidental mortality accidents, and promote the safety-oriented culture for making fundamental changes. Accidents at the medium and small sized construction sites accounted for 88.9% of the total construction accidents. The data indicates that improper management and lack of advanced safety measures due to the absence of a safety supervisor are the biggest problems. It is believed that active measures to evaluate and prevent risks at construction sites are necessary for preventing accidents in the medium and small sized construction sites. The objectives of this study is to identify the key risk items of common accident causes and propose a practical, preemptive, and improved risk assessment method by evaluating the problems in the safety management of construction sites for reducing the accident rate in the medium and small sized construction sites.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.165-180
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to propose an effective traffic safety countermeasure to reduce both violations of road traffic acts and accident rates related to the driver's characteristics by measuring them using Q analysis method, a microscopic statistics analysis method. As a result, violators of the road traffic act could be divided into five driving characteristics and causers of traffic accident could be classified into six driving characteristics. By understanding these characteristics, We could establish a proper traffic safety countermeasure for each driving characteristic. The accomplishments of this research are as follows: The first, We could classify the decisive driving characteristics, which cause road traffic acts and traffic accidents, into internal and external causes. The relationship between each driver's characteristic and the occurrence of the road traffic act and traffic accident could be recognized more clearly. We could find the dangerous driver samples who have Accidents proneness. The second, As a result of analyzing the characteristics of these factors, We could sort out and suggest countermeasure for reducing violation of road traffic acts and traffic accidents as a priority countermeasure and complementary countermeasure. Finally, transportation companies most closely related to automobile accidents can judge new personnels on the basis of their driving characteristics before hiring, and also apply this principle to the traffic safety education vigorously.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 1989

An analysis for the gamma radiation fields in the research reactor MAPLE-X10 facility has been peformed under the assumption of partial loss of reactor and service pool water to assess the safety from the view point of design. Four photon source terms considered in the analysis were calculated using the ORIGEN-S code. Gamma dose rate calculations over the reactor and service pools during the water-loss accident conditions were performed using QAD-CG code. MCNP code (Monte Carlo Neuron and Photon Transport code), also, was used to assess the scattered radiation fields away from the pools, which is appropriate for calculating the scattered photon dose rates outside of the solid angle subtended by the source and pool walls.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-29
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• 1999

Safety and health education in technical high schools is especially important because the great majority of the students engage in the industrial field after graduation. But there are few reports on the state. of safety and health education in technical high schools in Korea. The aims of this study were to identify the problems of the present safety and health education in technical high schools in Korea and to propose the ways of improving health and safety education. To conduct this study, the textbooks for health and safety related courses, i.e., Introduction to Industry, Gyoryun(dril), and Physical Education, were reviewed. A questionnaire was mailed to the teachers of Introduction to Industry, Gyoryun, Physical Education, and school nurses in 188 technical high schools and the teachers of Gyoryun, Physical Education, and school nurses in 376 general high schools in November 1997. The final response rates were 42.0% for teachers of Introduction to Industry, 62.9% for teachers of Gyoryun, 47.9% for teachers of Physical Education, and 33.0% for school nurses. Also, a survey by self-administered questionnaire on the knowledge, attitude, and practice about safety and health was conducted from May through July 1998 among 44 employees graduated from technical high schools and 44 employees graduated from general high schools since 1995. The analysis of the textbooks showed that the contents of the ‘Industrial Safety and Environment’ section in Introduction to Industry were rather for safety managers than industrial workers and the contents about occupational hygiene and health were scanty. The majority of ‘Accident and Disaster’ and ‘Hazardous Substances’ section in Gyoryun overlapped with those in Introduction to Industry and several mistakes about health related descriptions were found. Some contents of Physical Education. ‘Mental Health’. ‘Emergency Care’. ‘Communicable Disease’, ‘Noncommunicable Disease’, and ‘Food Hygiene’ overlapped with those of Gyoryun. The teachers lectured safety and health related sections of textbook completely in 84.8% for Introduction to Industry, 62.1% for Gyoryun, 20.8% for Physical Education and the most frequent reason for the incomplete education was shortage of time.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.583-593
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• 2023

For a holistic and precise assessment of safety benchmarks within a construction venture, it's paramount to delineate between the intrinsic features of the construction and its real-time, on-site performance metrics. In this study, we delved into genuine accident instances to discern the interplay between these construction attributes and on-ground performance determinants in relation to safety mishaps, employing the binomial logit analytical framework. Our scrutiny underscored that construction expenditure profoundly modulates the likelihood of fatal occurrences. Notably, variables pertinent to on-site safety protocols wielded considerable influence over both fatal mishaps and accidents implicating multiple personnel. These revelations intimate that while ascertaining the safety quotient of a construction initiative, a mere classification and recalibration based on fiscal dimensions can elucidate much. Yet, a comprehensive safety appraisal necessitates transcending quantitative indices, such as frequency of mishaps or casualty rates, to encapsulate the multifaceted interventions and strategies adopted at the construction locale.