• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.749-760
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• 2015

This study establishes a safe and healthy farm certification system for Korean farmers and presents the certification system and assessment items. Existing certification systems for safety and health were compared through a review of local and international studies as well as an examination of advanced examples. Then the certification system and assessment items were objectively verified through an expert evaluation process. As a result, four domains of certification participation, implementation, certification evaluation, and post management were identified as components of the certification system. For assessment measures, 6 categories, 21 factors, and 96 items were derived. The results are expected to be used as basic data in establishing a foundation for the implementation and operation of a certification system appropriate for distinct characteristics of the Korean agricultural sector.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

Many urban people are attracted to the recreational opportunities and attractions of rural areas, such as beautiful scenery, lakes, mountains, forests, and resorts. Furthermore, rural development planning increasingly emphasizes the integration of resource extractive industries with non-market-based recreational and amenity values. This article outlines a method to estimate an amenity level of rural areas such as natural amenities index and shows the relation of the natural amenity and population growth. The results revealed that natural amenity classifying each region can be explained with geographical characteristics, temperature-humidity, and sunshine duration time. In analysis with population, natural amenity does not exactly explain that but can be one of the important factor of population change.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.93-100
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• 2008

The objectives of this study are investigate the satisfaction index and determined the characteristics of visitors. Also present the issues and direction for development of rural-experience village. This study area is seven villages of rural experience in Cheongwongun, Chungcheongbukdo. This place consists rural cooperative tourism model project that is pursued to Cooperative Tourism Model Project by the government. The projects are forming a network of towns and themes to be exhumed. The purpose of this project inner improves the ability of residents and external to contents diversification. This polling in the February-March 2008 was conducted between visitor 330 people. The question is personal information, satisfaction and rural tourism experience of detail as part of a total of 22.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.261-268
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• 2019

Climate change and drought stress are having profound impacts on crop growth and development by altering crop physiological processes including photosynthetic activity. But finding a rapid, efficient, and non-destructive method for estimating environmental stress responses in the leaf and canopy is still a difficult issue for remote sensing research. We compared the relationships between photochemical reflectance index(PRI) and various optical and experimental indices on soybean drought stress under climate change conditions. Canopy photosynthesis trait, biomass change, chlorophyll fluorescence(Fv/Fm), stomatal conductance showed significant correlations with midday PRI value across the drought stress period under various climate conditions. In high temperature treatment, PRI were more sensitive to enhanced drought stress, demonstrating the negative effect of the high temperature on the drought stress. But high CO₂ concentration alleviated the midday depression of both photosynthesis and PRI. Although air temperature and CO₂ concentration could affect PRI interpretation and assessment of canopy radiation use efficiency(RUE), PRI was significantly correlated with canopy RUE both under climate change and drought stress conditions, indicating the applicability of PRI for tracking the drought stress responses in soybean. However, it is necessary to develop an integrated model for stress diagnosis using PRI at canopy level by minimizing the influence of physical and physiological factors on PRI and incorporating the effects of other vegetation indices.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.192-196
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• 2003

Objective of this study was to investigate the influences of harvest index and percolation water quality as irrigated the discharge waters from an industrial and a municipal wastewater treatment plants and seawater (1:5 seawater: tap water) as alternative water resources during tillering stage for drought stress. There were four different treatments such as the discharge water from an industrial (textile dyeing manufacture plant) wastewater treatment plant (DIWT), discharge water from the municipal wastewater treatment plant (DMWT), seawater (1:5) and groundwater as a control. For the initial chemical compositions of alternative waters, it appeared that higher concentrations of COD, $Mn^{2+}$, and $Ni^+$ in DIWT were observed than reused criteria of other country for irrigation, and concentrations of $EC_i$, Cl, and $SO_4$ in seawater were higher than that for irrigation. Harvest index was not significantly different between DIWT and DMWT with different irrigation periods in two soil types, but that of seawater (1:5) is decreased with irrigation periods in clay loam soil and not different between 10 days and 20 days of irrigation periods in sandy loam soil. For percolation water qualities, values of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) are increased with prolonging the irrigation periods of seawater (1:5) and DIWT, but those of DMWT were almost constant through the cultivation periods regardless of the irrigation period in both soil types. EG of percolation waters is eventually increased with prolonging days after irrigation regardless of irrigation periods in both soil types. Therefore, it might be concluded that there was potentially safe to irrigate the discharge water from municipal wastewater treatment plant relative to harvest index, SAR and $EC_i$ values of the ground water through the rice cultivation period at tillering stage for drought period.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.193-196
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• 1978

Wheat quality score index was proposed as a new criterion of wheat_quality for evaluation of the laboratory testing value such as milling rate (Xm), flour ash content (Xa), flour protein content (Xp) and sedimentation value (Xs). 1) Wheat quality score index was expressed as follows; Milling score index (MSI) $=2.3X_m-72.4X_a$ Protein score index (PSI) =$5.2X_p+0.9X_{psi}$ Composite quality score index (QSI) =$0.63X_{msi}+0.37X_{psi}$ 2) The samples with the more than 100 of MSI would be the good milliability, and the samples with more than 100 of PSI would be the good bread making properties, while that with less than 100 of PSI be good pastry type properties. Whereas most of the samples with higher value of QSI would be related to the good milliability and good bread making properties. 3) MSI, PSI and QSI were significantly correlated to the each related quality components.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.298-298
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• 2022

Milling is an important process that determines the quality of flour and is affected by milling machine type, scale, and tempering conditions. In addition, seed hardness is an important factor in determining the amount of tempering water and has been reported to affects flour yield and flour quality. There are reports that vitreousity is used as a measure to distinguish between soft and hard seeds, and the higher the vitreousity, the higher the protein contents. However, there is no established system for measuring viterousity of seeds and studies on the vitreousity and quality characteristics of flour are insufficient. Therefore, in this study, vitreousity, hardness, and milling characteristics were evaluated for 46 major domestic varieties, and their relationship was confirmed. After cutting the seeds using a seed cutter, vitreousity was measured, and seed hardness and flour particle size was measured using SKCS and PSI, respectively. As for the seed hardness index, 'Joa' was the lowest with 11.6, 'Yeonbaek' was the highest with 78.7. As for the milling yield, 'Saeol' had the lowest at 58.1%, and 'Hcjoong' had the highest at 88.6%. Seed hardness index and wheat flour production showed a high positively correlation, showing a similar to that of previous studies. Also, in flour particle size, 'Gobun' was the largest at 75.5 pm, and 'Joa' was the smallest at 43.1 um. Flour yield and flour particle size showed a high positively correlation. As a result of vitreousity, 'Hwangeumal' (55.2%), 'Saekeumkang' (59.1%), 'Baekkang' (52.3%), 'Goso' (44.6%), and 'Joa' (19.2%) were showed. Seed hardness and vitreousity showed a high positively correlation. Also as the vitreousity increased, the flour yield also showed a tendency to increase. In addition, as the seed hardness increased, particle size of the flour yield also showed a tendency to increase. It is thought that this result can be used as a measure to determine the quality of flour with vitreousity. However, further analysis of wheat varieties and methods of analyzing vitreousity are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.129-144
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• 2012

This study was conducted to understand the community characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates according to Growth Environment at 6 Palustrine Wetlands in a rural area. As growth environment factors, size, water depth, water inlet and water outlet, land-use and water environment was analyzed. Two years' quantitative collection of benthic macroinvertebrate was carried out, and it executed community analysis and ESB index calculation and also carried out twinspan, MDS and correlation analysis. As a result, the collected benthic macroinvertebrate was 1254 individuals with 3 Phylums, 6 Classes, 14 Orders, 35 Families, 52 Genera and 61 Species. Odonata and Coenagreionidae had the highest species and individuals. Dominance Index was 0.252~0.698, Diversity Index was 1.661~2.902, Evenness Index was 0.414~0.724, and Species Richness Index was 1.990~6.224. As a result of community analysis, when correlation analysis was executed, Dominance Index had the opposite tendency with Diversity Index and Evenness Index, which had the same tendency with the previous studies. When ESB Index was calculated, Grade 2 (polluted) had the highest species with 48 species (78.7%). It is determined from the Environmental quality evaluation and saprobity evaluation result according to ESB index that there is a need to revise environmental evaluation system more specifically. As a result of MDS analysis, the subject spots A and D had the highest similarity, and the subject spot E and D had a relatively high similarity. The life environment that is the closest related with species diversity is estimated by the land-use. As for number of Individual, it seems to have the closest relation with inlet, which is to be determined as a characteristics of Palustrine Wetland. Through such investigation, this study is expected to be utilized for various types of habitats including ecological pond and to be utilized for the increase of species diversity in rural areas.

• Mycobiology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.24-34
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• 2004

Molecular approaches, internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequences of ribosomal DNA, and Universal Rice Primer Polymerase Chain Reaction(URP-PCR) were used to investigate the genetic diversity, taxonomic complexity, and relationships of Trichoderma species in mushroom farms. Forty-one isolates of 13 Trichoderma spp. were used in this study and clustered into eight groups. The DNA fingerprint patterns and ITS1 region sequence alignment data showed similar results, but not in some species, such as T. virens, T. atroviride, T. harzianum, and T. aureoviride. Results of this study have proven that the morphology-based taxonomic system has some limitations in terms of classification. The data obtained in this study would be a good index for classifying indistinguishable Trichoderma strains.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.51-63
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• 1996

This study is about the problems found in the process of the current governments planning rural settlement area development. As a measure to solve them, It proposed the analysis method of village characteristic in terms of standard score and tried to use this method as a basic material in planning more effective rural settlement area development. On the basis of the above analysis, which is an objective basic material to solve the problems revealed in the process of the bottom-up development planning by the residents' demands, It shows the following conclusion about what method should be applied to each part according to a village's characteristics and its development level. 1. Accessibility can be a basic material for setting the local area, analyzing its settlement system, and them such development facilities as village-linking roads, rural road, or various kinds of bridges and determining the investment priority. 2. With the index of the industrial basis, we can see what village has plenty of social, economical resources including advanced industrial facilities and looking into the advance level of the industrial basis, we can get some information about determining the local area development direction such as estashing the plan to build a farm product gathering center, a collective work place, storage facilities, and special housing development. 3. Since the issue about living environment is raising it's head, compared to weakened agricultural competitive power, with the analysis of this living environment, we can get an objective basic material for solving problems caused by the local egoism and the effective investment strategy of the limited resources. Therefore, It is necessary that we should abstain from expert-centered planning and formal public opinion-collecting and on the basis of this analytic result, we should plan development. We need to continue our research about index selecting and differentiation, weight etc. and using these analysis methods, we should make up a systematic development plan by analyzing village characteristics and setting the development direction.