• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2007

Simple regression models for pollutants load estimation of paddy developed by the Ministry of Environment in 1995 were tested with the data (T-N, T-P, $COD_{Mn}$, and SS) collected from Yeongsan and Seomjin river watersheds, and improvement measures were suggested. Overall, the simulated values showed a great difference from the measured values except for T-P according to the statistical analyses (RMSE, root mean square error; RMAE, root mean absolute error; RB, relative bias; EI, efficiency index). Such difference was assumed due to the fact that the models use only hydrologic factors (quantity factor) associated with precipitation and run-off as input parameters, but do not consider other factors which are likely to affect pollutant concentration (quality factor) including days after fertilization. In addition, in terms of accessibility of the models, some parameters in the models such as run-off depth and run-off amount which can not be obtained from the weather database but should be collected by on-site measurements need to be replaced with other variables.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.34-44
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• 2020

본 연구는 식생기반 LID 시스템 모델을 기반으로 생태적 구성요소의 성능 분석 방향을 제시하기 위해, SWMM 전산모의와 강우·유출 모의장치를 이용하여 모니터링 결과 간의 통계적 유의성을 분석하고, 시스템 사전설계에 요구되는 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 또한, 선행연구에서 상대적으로 논의가 부족했던 식생기반 LID 시스템의 토양, 식생 모델 및 분석 방안을 종합하고, 장치형 LID 시스템을 대체할 수 있는 성능 정량화 방향을 제시하려 한다. 인공강우재현 모니터링 40분 경과 후 실험구와 대조구 모두 최대강우강도인 142.91mm/hr(n=3, sd=0.34), 142.24mm/hr(n=3, sd=0.90)로 집계되었다. 우량주상도 대비 10분, 50분 구간은 낮은 강우강도가 재현되었으며, 20분, 30분, 40분 구간은 높은 강우강도가 확인되었다. 우수유출 지연효과의 경우, 실험구의 유출강도 저감량은 대조구의 최대유출강도가 발생된 50분에 0.46mm/min을 기록하여, 79.8% 저감된 것으로 분석되었다. 전산모의의 경우, 실험구의 유출강도 저감량은 대조구의 최대유출강도가 발생된 50분에 0.05mm/min을 기록하여, 99.1% 저감된 것으로 모의되었다. 최대 강우유출강도의 경우, 실험구(Dv=30.35, NSE=0.36)는 인공강우 모니터링과 SWMM 전산모의가 동일하게 70분에 각각 0.77mm/min, 1.06mm/min을 기록하였다. 대조구(Dv=17.27, NSE=0.78)도 동일하게 50분에 각각 2.26mm/min, 2.38mm/min으로 집계되었다. 상기 연구결과를 통해 강우·유출 모의장치와 SWMM 전산모의 간의 통계적 유의성을 통해 단일 식생이 적용된 LID 시스템의 우수유출저감 성능의 사전설계 방향을 제시할 수 있었다. 또한, LID 시스템의 토양, 식생 모델 및 분석방법을 종합하여, 사전설계와 연계 가능한 식생 및 토양 부문의 매개변수 정량화 방안이 정리되었다. 다만, 단일 식생기반 LID 시스템으로 유형과 물리적 변수가 제한되었고, 모니터링, 전산모의 결과 간의 통계적 유의성 보정에 요구되는 알고리즘 연구가 후속되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.262-272
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• 1996

The objective of this paper is to present relevant information and for proposing legal standards on pesticide residues around golf courses. Among 67 pesticide ingredients used for the courses in Korea, 30 items necessary for standard setting were selected and theoretical residue limits were computed. Pesticide residue limits applicable to golf courses in Korea were for 16 pesticides in run-off water on the health and ecotoxicological bases and in soil on the health basis, as selected by practical use pattern. It is recommended to accumulate scientific data by continuous research efforts in order to justify the pesticide residue limits in run-off water and soils of golf courses.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.55-63
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• 1980

To study run-off characteristics in the small watersheds in Korea, investigations had been carried out for a period of 4 years from 1972 to 1975 in the sample watersheds. The samples were selected in four major river basins such as the Han River, the Keum River, the Nakdong River and the Yongsan River. Water levels and rainfall data had been. collected from each sample area where the measuring instruments were installed. The findings of this investigation can be summarized as follows; 1. With an average runoff rate of 60% in the sample watersheds, the average runoff rate. in each sample proved to be as below; the Han River Basin : 41.4% the Keum River Basin : 61.7% the Nakdong River Basin : 69.4% the Yong San River Basin : 69.2% 2. The base flow rate in the sample watersheds proved to be 8.1 mm/month. 3. A comparison of the runoff obtained from actual measurements made and that calculated by the Kaijyama formula showed that the latter is 9.1% lower than the former.

• 물과 미래
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.341-350
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• 1990

정확한 유출수문곡선의 예보는 강우강도의 예측능력에 좌우된다. 1시간 정도의 단기 강우예측을 위한 추계학적인 강우모형을 개발하여 제시하는 것이 연구과제이다. 개발하고자 하는 모형은 다지점에서 동시에 강우강도를 예상 또는 예측할 수 있는 능력이 있다. 모형에 필요한 매개변수는 TM자료를 비롯하여 과거에 축적된 자료들로 부터 평가된 값을 이용한다. 모형은 강우진행속도, 환상스팩트럼, 무차원 시간분포 등이 선행연구 결과를 토대로 한다. 선택한 무차원 시간분포가 예측에 미치는 영향과 예측모형이 유출수문곡선에 미치는 영향을 분석한다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2000

Supposed construction of a large port in the mouth of Tuman River requires careful examination of possible unfavorable ecological consequences for the Far Eastern Federal Marine Reserve. Since the Tuman River is the largest source of suspended material and possible contaminants flowing into the sea, and in order to understand how this material is allocated in the coastal zone, analyses are needed to check possible pathways of water transport and circulation system in the region. Linearized shallow water equations were used for numerical simulation of the wind-driven circulation to the north off the Tuman River mouth. The model results satisfactorily agreed with in situ data. The model circulation patterns are largely dependent on the wind direction and are conformed by the distribution of bottom sediments, and by the location of organic carbon and some pollutants accumulation zones. The most unfavorable situation for the Marine Reserve is the case of the southwesterly wind; even with quite moderate wind, the waters polluted by the run-off from the Tuman River can attain the south section of the Marine Reserve during the diurnal period.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2012

The comparison between the spatial and temporal variability of aridity index, precipitation effectiveness and runoff during El-Nino and La-Nina periods and that of the normal period was conducted to evaluate the regional impacts of El-Nino, La-Nina in hydrologic variables. Aridity index and precipitation effectiveness were estimated using 59 nationwide weather stations data and runoff data of WAMIS were used. The ratio of the difference between El-Nino, La-Nina year value and that of normal year was analyzed. Temporal variation demonstrated that aridity index, precipitation effectiveness and run-off discharge increase in March, April, August, November, December and decrease in February, June, September, October according to El-Nino effect. Aridity index, precipitation effectiveness and run-off discharge increase in March, May, September and decrease in June, August, November, December according to La-Nina effect. The spatial variation of those variables analyzed for different basins showed that impacts in the Han river basin relatively higher than that of other basins.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.44-57
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• 2016

Rectification is used as a preprocessing to reduce the computation complexity of disparity estimation. However, rectification also requires a complex computation. To minimize the computing complexity, rectification using a lookup-table (R-LUT) has been introduced. However, since, the R-LUT consumes large amount of memory, rectification with compressed LUT (R-CLUT) has been introduced. However, the more we reduce the memory consumption, the more we need decoding overhead. Therefore, we need to attain an acceptable trade-off between the size of LUT and decoding overhead. In this paper, we present such a trade-off by adaptively combining simple coding methods, such as differential coding, modified run-length coding (MRLE), and Huffman coding. Differential coding is applied to transform coordinate data into a differential form in order to further improve the coding efficiency along with Huffman coding for better stability and MRLE for better performance. Our experimental results verified that our coding scheme yields high performance with maintaining robustness. Our method showed about ranging from 1 % to 16 % lower average inverse of compression ratio than the existing methods. Moreover, we maintained low latency with tolerable hardware overhead for real-time implementation.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.457-462
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• 1987

Stochastic stability criterias for ocean wave analysis add simulation are studied using the data simulated by the linear superposition method. To clarify the criterias, the effects of the simulation parameters on the variance of stochastic properties of ocean waves are investigated, and the stable conditions of the parameters are estimated through the comparative study on the stochastic properties of simulated waves and well-known ocean waves. The simulation parameters considered are high frequency cut-off, data length, and number and phase angle of component waves. Statistical characteristics analysed are wave height, period and steepness, and the formation of groups of higher waves, resonance periods, steeper higher waves and extreme run-length of the run.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2021

The purpose of our study is to confirm the trend of the muscle activity of the trunk and lower limb muscles by the attack method and phase during volleyball exercise. To achieve this purpose, spike serve and spike were conducted for 9 male middle school students, and at that time, it was divided into four phase, such as run jump, take off, impact, and follow, and the rectus abdominis, erector spine, and left rectus femoris, left biceps femoris, left anterior tibialis, left gastrocnemius midialis, right rectus femoris, right biceps femoris, right anterior tibialis, right gastrocnemius midialis, were examined. Spike serve and spike were each performed three times, and randomly cross-allocated to extract accurate data. We was no difference in all muscles according to the attack method, and the muscle activity of the rectus abdominis was highest in the impact phase and the muscle activity of the vertebral spine muscle was highest in the close-up phase. In addition, all of the measured left and right lower limb muscles showed the highest muscle activity between the assisted devices. As a result, We found out that regardless of the method of spike serve and spike, the lower limbs in the run-up phase for a high jump, the vertebrae in the take off phase, the preparation phase for hitting the ball strongly, and in the impact phase at the moment of hitting the ball. It can be seen that it exerts the greatest power in the rectus abdominis.