• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1487-1499
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• 2007

In this study, photographs of 600 Korean females aged from 20 to 50years old were indirectly measured in Venus face 2D program. The measurements were analyzed by statistical methods. The purpose of this study was to differentiate the facial types of adult women for the beauty industry. As a result of factor analysis, 6 factors were selected the key factors of facial shape: head height(factor 1), head width(factor 2), side face width(factor 3), head width and circumference(factor 4), face length(factor 5), and side face width(factor 6). We categorized facial type into 5 groups with the previous 6 factor. 5 types were most common facial shapes: Oblong face(type 1), Square face(type 2), Oval face(type 3), Round face(type 4), Triangle face(type 5). The results of facial type analysis were showed that Round face(26.6%), Triangle face(25.3%), Oval face(22.3%), Square face(20.0%), Oblong face(5.7%).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to investigate whether the two different head postures, natural and ideal head posture, affect head/shoulder posture and muscle activity. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects with the forward head and round shoulder posture were participated in this study. This study utilized a within-subjects design with subjects being positioned into two sitting positions: natural head posture (NHP) and ideal head posture (IHP). Forward head angle (FHA) and forward shoulder angle (FSA) of each subject were measured for assessing the head/shoulder posture and muscle activities of upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), and serratus anterior (SA) during the forward overhead reaching. Results: There were significant increases in both FHA and FSA after taking IHP, which showed greater angles than in taking NHP. In change of muscle activities, there were significant decreases in both LT and SA after taking IHP, which showed lower activities than in taking a NHP, whereas there was no significant change in UT. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that postural alterations associated with forward head and rounded shoulder postures could alter scapular kinetics and muscle activity during the forward overhead reaching.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate electromyographic activities of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) by the shape of the ultrasound head. Twelve healthy subjects participated and performed ultrasound therapy with a round head and a long handled head during each 5-minute application. Electromyographic activities of the FDS and FCU were recorded by surface electrodes and normalized by maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) values. There was no difference in the muscular fatigue of FDS and FCU as determined by the shape of the ultrasound head (p>.05). Without the shape of head, the mean power frequency decreased with the time. There also was no difference in %MVIC of the FDS and FCU as determined by the shape of the ultrasound head (p>.05), but the force exerted exceeded 20%MVIC. There was however a significant difference in the amount of cumulative workload of the FDS and FCU as determined by the shape of ultrasound head (p<.05). The workload was however not affected by the shape of the ultrasound head. Constant static grasp of ultrasound transducer head during ultrasound therapy is considered a high risk factor of work-related musculoskeletal disease.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.207-210
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to review our experience with mucoepidermoid carcinoma(MEC), a rare tumour in minor salivary glands, in a paediatric patients. 15-year-old boy was noted to have a irregular round mass appearing atthe soft palate just to the right of the mid-line. A computed tomographic(CT) scan showed a palatal mass limited to soft palate with no bony erosion. The lesion was curetted and debulked. Pathology was reported as an intermediate-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and the patient was considered to radiation therapy institution for further treatment. To date, patients remain free of disease. Wide local excision is the treatment of choice for low to intermediate grade MEC of the minor salivary glands in paediatric patients.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2019

Background: The phrase "Nine Needles" refers to the 9 types of acupuncture needles describing their shapes, sizes, and uses in Huangdi's Internal Classic Ling-shu. The aim of this study was to present 3D illustrations of the "Nine Types of Needles" based on Huangdi's Internal classic Ling-shu, taking into consideration the conformation and application of the Nine Needles. Methods: Sketches of the "Nine Needles" were based on references to those needles cited in Huangdi's Internal Classic Ling-shu, the Great Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, and the Golden Mirror of Medicine. The computer programs Creo 3.0, Keyshot 5, Adobe Photoshop CS5, and Adobe Illustrator CS5 were used for 3D modelling and visualization. Results: Based on a review of Huangdi's Internal Classic Ling-shu, illustrations of the Spade needle, Round-Pointed needle, Pressure needle, Sharp-Edged needle, Sword-Shaped needle, Round-Sharp needle, Fine needle, Long needle, and Large needle, 3D models were created. The Spade needle had a sharp, large head, the Round-Pointed needle had an egg-shaped tip, and the Pressure needle had a blunt head like a grain of millet. The Sharp-Edged needle had a sharp blade with a triangular edge for bloodletting. The Sword-Shaped needle resembled a sword. The Round-Sharp needle resembled a horse's tail. The Fine needle and the Long needle had sharp points and thin bodies. The Large needle had a cylindrical shaft and rounded tip. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that 3D illustrations could be generated for the Nine Needles according to the descriptions and figures provided in the ancient literature.

• 복식
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.129-144
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• 2002

Kyung(경, 경의), Which is Wedding ceremonial head dress, Veil. Ancient China, When dynasty is changing, wedding head dress form is different. Old china, Kyung(경) was sleeves attached dress form. But, after Dang(당) and Song(송) Dynasty changed square formed clothes, which is put on from head to the shoulder, and another is sleeves attached dress form. Ancient Korea have been face covered clothes. Myunuei(면의). from Buyo(부여) to the south Silla(남국신라) Dynasty. Koryo(고려) dynasty. likeness of the Song Dynasty square formed head wear, Mongsu(몽수), and Kedu(개두). When Chosun(조선) Dynasty, Kyunguei(경의), which was square formed 12 chuk size head wear of the blue colored veil. When King and Queen finished wedding ceremony in the another palace, Queen following the King, so to the palace. who put on the wedding veil, Kyungui(경의) , in the papanquin. and take out of the veil by another mother. before the hapkun(합근) ceremony. also Chosun dynasty has been another Queen's wedding ceremonial veil 'myunui (면의)'. It has been put on the head dress with ceremonial dress Juckui(적의) . And, take out of the veil by another mother, before the hapkun(합근) ceremony. also. common people has been put on the head dress with ceremonial dress Youmui(염의). And. take out of the veil by another mother. before the hapkun(합근) ceremony. also common people has been put on the Mongsuui(몽수의,장의). head dress with ceremonial dress round neck dress. And, take out of the veil by another mother, before the hapkun(합근) ceremony.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.812-820
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• 2010

The objectives of this study were to classify the head shapes of Korean men and to suggest computer tomography as a new body measurement method. The 23 head measurement items of 760 men, aged more than 18 in Sizekorea 2004 database were used to analyze, measured by using statistical methods. Factor analysis, cluster analysis and duncan test were performed using these data. Through factor analysis, 5 factors were extracted upon factor scores and those factors comprised 70.91% for the total variances. The head and face shapes were categorized as 5 types-triangle, round, oval, long, rectangle. We decided for the type 1(triangle) to standard head shape since this type was the most observed. 21 participants were measured using computed tomography(CT). The measured data of skin and skeleton and the standard head shapes were illustrated.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.65-67
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• 2018

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a benign tumor which usually originates from major and minor salivary glands. This tumor arising outside submandibular gland (SMG) is extremely rare. To author's knowledge, only four cases have been reported so far in English literature. Its pathogenesis is still unclear, but it can be explained by embryologic theory of major salivary gland. A 68-year-old man with an incidental mass on left upper lateral neck visited to our clinic. The radiologic findings showed well-margined round mass outside left SMG. The excisional biopsy revealed a pleomorphic adenoma. We report the rare and unique case with a brief literature review.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.67-70
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• 2007

Myxoma is an uncertain mesenchymal cell origin, characterized by irregular round, stellate or spindle cells surrounded by the matrix containing abundant mucoid material and scant vascularity. Their occurrence in descending order of frequency is in the heart, subcutaneous tissue, bone and genitourinary tract. In the head and neck region, the most predilection sites are mandible and maxilla(more than 80%). Laryngeal myxoma is extremely rare：only 5 cases have been reported in the English literature. We report a rare case of laryngeal myxoma. A 60-year-old man with hoarseness visited the out-patient department. The mass was located between the vocal fold and the vocal ligament, filling with the left laryngeal ventricle. We planned the laryngo-microsurgery and successfully excised using $CO_2$ laser. The histopathologic finding revealed the myxoma. After 18 months of surgery, there is no evidence of recurrence and mucosal scarring in the vocal fold. This report is the first case of laryngeal myxoma involving the laryngeal ventricle and the true vocal cord together.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.678-684
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• 2018

In order to broaden the indication of middle ear implant, research has been actively conducted on the reverse output method that stimulates the round window. However, it is very difficult to transmit the vibration output effectively because the indivisual anatomical difference of the round window niche is very large and also the visual field is not secured even by a skilled otolaryngologic surgeon. In this paper, we propose a new reverse stimulation method of middle ear implants that transmits energy to the inner ear by using air as a medium. This can compensate for the disadvantages of the conventional method of transmitting vibration energy and minimizes the energy transfer efficiency interference due to the combination of the excitation point and the output device. It was shown that forward and backward transfer characteristics were obtained by cadaveric experiments, and it was shown that it can overcome the acoustical impedance of high round window and transmit energy to inner ear. The receiver, which is the output device of the conventional hearing aids, can generate a constant volume velocity, so it can have a high output at a limited volume, such as a round window niche. So, suggested method can overcome the high acoustical impedance of the round window and deliver acoustic energy to the inner ear.