• 제목/요약/키워드: root mortality

검색결과 114건 처리시간 0.032초

Fenobucarb와 Imidacloprid의 벼 뿌리 침지시간에 따른 벼멸구의 살충활성과 섭식행동비교 (Comparison of Insecticidal Activity and Feeding Behavior of Nilaparvata lugens by Root Uptake Times against Fenobucarb and Imidacloprid)

  • 양정오;조선란;권윤희;윤창만;김길하
    • 농약과학회지
    • /
    • 제14권2호
    • /
    • pp.175-182
    • /
    • 2010
  • 벼멸구에 대한 Fenoburcarb(36, 12 ppm)와 Imidacloprid(0.7, 0.4 ppm)의 벼유묘 뿌리 침지 시간(1, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24시간)에 따른 살충활성과 섭식행동의 상관관계를 조사하였다. EPG (electrical penetration graph)의 파형은 신호개시 후 4시간 동안 기록하여 분석하였다. 침투이행성과 살충력과의 상관관계는, 두 약제 모두 농도가 높을수록 높은 보정살충율을 보였고, 침지시간이 길수록 살충활성이 높았다. 파형에 있어서는 두 약제 모두 농도가 높아질수록 상대적으로 non-probe time은 길어졌고 체관을 찌르는 시간은 짧아졌다. 침지시간이 길어질때에도 같은 경향을 보였다. 따라서 침지시간에 따른 살충활성과 두 파형간에 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

온실(溫室)에서 자라는 낙엽송(落葉松)의 접목묘(接木苗)와 야외(野外)에서 자라는 실생묘(實生苗)로부터 개화(開花)의 유도(誘導) (Flower Induction in Greenhouse-grown Hybrid Larch Grafts and Field-grown European Larch Seedlings)

  • 신동일
    • 한국산림과학회지
    • /
    • 제85권3호
    • /
    • pp.532-538
    • /
    • 1996
  • Indoor seed orchard의 가능성을 시험하기 위해 온실의 화분에서 자라는 낙엽송 접목묘와 야외에서 자라는 실생묘에 Gibberellins(GA4/7) 살포, 주입 및 몇가지 보조 처리를 사용하여 조기개화를 유도하였다. 온실의 화분에 지라는 접목묘에 대해서는 GA4/7 반복 살포 단독처리가 가장 효과적이었으나 보조 처리로서 사용된 root pruning은 상승효과를 보이 지 못했다. GA4/7 주입은 접목표의 치사를 초래하였기 때문에 유용한 방법이 아니었다. 10년생 실생묘를 이용한 야외실험에서는 GA4/7 살포와 보조처리로서 root pruning 또는 plastic mulching의 사용이 개화의 유도에 가장 효과적이었다.

  • PDF

Waterlogging induced oxidative stress and the mortality of the Antarctic plant, Deschampsia antarctica

  • Park, Jeong Soo;Lee, Eun Ju
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
    • /
    • 제43권3호
    • /
    • pp.289-296
    • /
    • 2019
  • We investigated the mortality and the oxidative damages of Deschampsia antarctica in response to waterlogging stress. In field, we compared the changes in the density of D. antarctica tuft at the two different sites over 3 years. The soil water content at site 2 was 6-fold higher than that of site 1, and the density of D. antarctica tuft decreased significantly by 55.4% at site 2 for 3 years, but there was no significant change at site 1. Experimental results in growth chamber showed that the $H_2O_2$ and malondialdehyde content increased under root-flooding treatment (hypoxic conditions-deficiency of $O_2$), but any significant change was not perceptible under the shoot-flooding treatment (anoxic condition-absence of $O_2$). However, total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, protein content, and phenolic compound decreased under the shoot-flooding treatment. In addition, the catalase activity increased significantly on the 1st day of flooding. These results indicate that hypoxic conditions may lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, and anoxic conditions can deplete primary metabolites such as sugars and protein in the leaf tissues of D. antarctica. Under present warming trend in Antarctic Peninsula, D. antarctica tuft growing near the shoreline might more frequently experience flooding due to glacier melting and inundation of seawater, which can enhance the risk of this plant mortality.

Effect of Tricho-compost against Seedling Blight Disease of Wheat Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii

  • Faruk, M. Iqbal
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
    • /
    • 제46권4호
    • /
    • pp.395-402
    • /
    • 2018
  • The efficacy of formulated Trichoderma harzianum-based Tricho-compost, seed treatment with Tricho-inocula, and chemical fungicide Provax 200 WP against foot and root rot diseases of wheat caused by Sclerotium rolfsii was tested in the pot house and in the research field of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Tricho-compost was prepared with a mixed substrate of cow dung, rice bran, and poultry refuse colonized by T. harzianum. Seedling mortality of wheat was significantly reduced by the Tricho-compost, Tricho-inocula, and Provax 200 WP both in the pot house as well as in the field experiments. The yield of wheat was sharply increased over the control due to the T. harzianum formulations and Provax 200 WP. Among the treatments, soil application of Tricho-compost was more efficient in reducing seedling mortality and accelerating plant growth with an increased yield of wheat with S. rolfsii-inoculated pot cultures and field experiments.

Bacillus subtilis HJ927에 의해 생성된 화합물의 분리, 동정 및 고추(Capsicum annum L.) 역병방제 효과 (Isolation and Identification of Low Molecular Weight Compounds Produced by Bacillus subtilis HJ927 and Their Biocontrol Effect on the Late Blight of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.))

  • 이현진;박근형;심재한;박노동;김용웅;황보훈;조정용;김영철;김길용
    • 한국토양비료학회지
    • /
    • 제38권1호
    • /
    • pp.25-31
    • /
    • 2005
  • 병원성 곰팡이에 대해 강한 길항성을 보이는 토양미생물 Bacillus subtilis HJ927을 Phytophthora capsici에 감염된 고추밭으로부터 분리해냈다. B. subtilis HJ927을 P. capsici와 함께 고추에 처리한 결과 P. capsici만을 접종한 처리구에 비해 크게 식물을 보호하는 것을 root mortality 측정결과 확인하였다. B. subtilis HJ927는 항곰팡이성 물질로 3-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, 그리고 methyl 2-hydroxy, 3-phenyipropanoate를 분비해 내는 것을 HPLE와 GC-MS를 통해 분리 동정하였다. 또한 B. subtilis HJ927는 가수분해효소인 ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase를 분비해 냄으로서 위 화합물과 함께 식물을 보호하는 것으로 분석되었다.

닭 우모로부터 추출한 아미노산 생화학제의 고구마뿌리혹선충 증식억제 효과 (Nematicidal Effect of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) by Amino Acids Biochemical Agent Extracted from Chicken Feather)

  • 김세종;황경숙
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
    • /
    • 제55권4호
    • /
    • pp.247-252
    • /
    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 뿌리혹선충의 화학적 방제를 대체할 수 있는 친환경 선충방제제 개발을 목적으로 닭 우모분으로부터 추출한 아미노산 생화학제(feather amino acid; FAA)의 고구마뿌리혹선충에 대한 방제효과를 검정하였다. 다양한 종류의 아미노산을 대상으로 고구마뿌리혹선충 유충 치사효과를 조사한 결과, 5종류(L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-methionine, L-tyrosine, _L-cysteine)의 아미노산이 50 mM 농도에서 50% 이상의 치사율을 나타내었고, L-asparagine 50 mM에서 치사율이 94%로 가장 높았다. 닭 우모분으로부터 추출한 FAA 생화학제의 고구마뿌리혹선충 2령 유충의 치사력과 알 부화억제 효과를 조사한 결과, 1/50 농도에서 80% 이상의 유충 치사력과 74%의 알 부화 억제율을 보였다. 토마토 근권토양에 FAA 생화학제를 처리하고 60일간 재배시험을 통하여 관찰한 결과, 토양 내 유충밀도는 63%, 난낭수는 59%, 뿌리혹 형성 61%의 방제효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 닭 우모분으로부터 추출한 FAA 생화학제는 뿌리혹선충의 친환경 선충방제제로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

협소한 대동맥판윤의 첨포확대후 대동맥 및 승모판막 대치술 치험 1예 (Mitral and Aortic Valce Replacement with Patch Enlargement of Narrow Aortic Annulus)

  • 강면식
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
    • /
    • 제12권1호
    • /
    • pp.56-60
    • /
    • 1979
  • Replacement of the aortic valve in a normal or large aortic root can be accomplished with ease and safety in most instances. The presence of a narrowed aortic annulus remains a problem in that the replaced smaller prosthetic valve has a significant resting pressure gradient across the orifice. This narrowing causes not only technical difficulties, but also increased mortality and post-op. complication. Therefore this problem deserves special attention. This report presents our experience with a case of a small aortic root caused by rheumatic heart disease [AI and MS]. This is the method of enlargement of the aortic annulus with a woven Dacron patch and replacement of a larger prosthetic aortic valve combined with mitral valve replacement.

  • PDF

북방수염하늘소의 살충제 감수성 (Susceptibility of Pine Sawyer, Monochamus saltuarius Adults (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to Commercially Registered Insecticides)

  • 한주환;유종현;김은희;양정오;노두진;윤창만;김길하
    • 농약과학회지
    • /
    • 제12권3호
    • /
    • pp.262-269
    • /
    • 2008
  • 시판하고 있는 39종의 살충제에 대한 북방수염하늘소(Monochamus saltuarius)성충에 대한 약제 감수성, 침투이행성, 잔효성 및 방제효과를 조사하였다. 두가지 검정법(충체분무와 가지침지)으로 성충에 대해 100% 살충율를 보인 약제는 fenitrothion, fenthion, phenthoate, phosphamidon, dinotefuran, actamiprid, clothianidin, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, esfenvalerate+fenitrothion, fipronil 등 11종이었으며, 방제효과가 좋은 11종에 대해 2000배, 4000 배액으로 희석된 약액을 성충에 처리한 결과 처리농도에 상관없이 모두 100% 살충효과를 보인 약제는 fenitrothion, fenthion이고 2000 배액에서만 100% 살충율를 보인 약제는 phenthoate, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, fipronil 등 4종이었다. 뿌리 침투이행성 효과는 phosphamidon, clothianidin, thiamethoxam이 100%, thiacloprid는 77.7%의 침투이행 효과를 나타냈다. 잔효성에서는 fenitrothion, thiamethoxam은 15일째까지 80%이상, fenthion, phosphamidon, clothianidin은 10일째까지 80%이상, fenitrothion, thiamethoxam, fipronil은 처리 후 7일까지, thiacloprid는 처리 후 3일까지, fenthion, phenthoate은 처리 후 1일째까지 100% 살충율을 보였다. 방제효과에서는 11약제중 6약제(fenitrothion, fenthion, phenthoate, phosphamidon, fipronil, esfenvalerate+fenitrothion)가 처리 1일째에 그리고 3일째에는 시험약제 모두 100% 방제효과를 나타냈다.

Nematicidal activity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. root extracts on Meloidogyne incognita eggs and juveniles

  • Dang-Minh-Chanh Nguyen;Thi-Hoan Luong;Van-Viet Nguyen;Woo-Jin Jung
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
    • /
    • 제66권
    • /
    • pp.388-393
    • /
    • 2023
  • This study evaluated the in vitro nematicidal activity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis root extracts (GuRE) on Meloidogyne incognita eggs and juveniles. The results showed that treatment of M. incognita eggs with 2.0 mg/mL GuRE for 5 and 10 d resulted in 64.0 and 68.1% hatch inhibition, respectively. Furthermore, the relative mortality of J2 was 96.2% after treatment with 2.0 mg/mL GuRE for 48 h. Changes in the shape of the eggs and juveniles were determined after incubation with 2.0 mg/mL GuRE for 5 d and 48 h, respectively. These preliminary results suggest that GuRE can be used as an environment-friendly bio-nematicide to control root-knot nematodes. In the future, in vivo assays should be conducted using GuRE to ascertain its potential for widespread application as a nematicide.

Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) Control Using a Combination of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WiKim0090 and Copper Sulfate

  • Kim, Seulbi;Kim, Ho Myeong;Seo, Hye Jeong;Yeon, Jehyeong;Park, Ae Ran;Yu, Nan Hee;Jeong, Seul-Gi;Chang, Ji Yoon;Kim, Jin-Cheol;Park, Hae Woong
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제32권8호
    • /
    • pp.960-966
    • /
    • 2022
  • Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exert antagonistic activity against root-knot nematodes, mainly by producing organic acids via carbohydrate fermentation. However, they have not yet been used for root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) control owing to a lack of economic feasibility and effectiveness. In this study, we aimed to isolate organic acid-producing LAB from kimchi (Korean traditional fermented cabbage) and evaluated their nematicidal activity. Among the 234 strains isolated, those showing the highest nematicidal activity were selected and identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WiKim0090. Nematicidal activity and egg hatch inhibitory activity of WiKim0090 culture filtrate were dose dependent. Nematode mortality 3 days after treatment with 2.5% of the culture filtrate was 100%, with a 50% lethal concentration of 1.41%. In pot tests, the inhibitory activity of an L. plantarum WiKim0090-copper sulfate mixture on gall formation increased. Compared to abamectin application, which is a commercial nematicide, a higher control value was observed using the WiKim0090-copper sulfate mixture, indicating that this combination can be effective in controlling the root-knot nematode.