• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.23 no.2 s.59
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• pp.96-101
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• 1984

This experiment was carried out to investigate control efficacy by cultural practice and fumigation of tacterial wilt caused by Pseudomonas solancearum in resistant tobacco line NC82 at the Korea Ginseng and Tobacco Research Institute, Eumseong Experiment Station in 1982 and 1983. The bacterial wilt of tobacco occurred severely from mid-July to last August in applicable temperature and soil humidity for increasing bacteria. Disease severity appeared low and slowly at fumigation and resistant variety treatment. Incidence of bacterial wilt in tobacco line NC82 was $44.7\~55.8\%$ being compared with susceptible variety, NC2326 and $95\~99\%$ when resistant variety, NC32 was cultivated with soil fumigation treatment. Control efficacy of cultural practices appeared low with $0.8\~20\%$ and was not different from resistant variety and fumigation treatment. Control system against bacterial wilt in flue-cured tobacco was accomplished by control efficacy over $95\%$ when resistant variety(NC82) was cultured after treatment of cultural practices (Tillering after harvest and before transplanting, stalk and root destruction, early transplanting early removal of the mulching film) and soil fumigation(Cylon).

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.385-396
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• 2006

For the regeneration of periodontal tissues, the microenvironment for new attachment of connective tissue fibers should be provided, At this point of view, cementum formation in root surface plays a key role for this new attachment. This study was performed to figure out which factor promotes differentiation of cementoblast Considering anatomical structure of tooth, we selected the cells which may affect the differentiation of cementoblast - Ameloblast, OD11&MDPC23 for odontoblasts, NIH3T3 for fibroblsts and MG63 for osteoblasts. And OCCM30 was selected for cementoblast cell line. Then, the cell lines were cultured respectively and transferred the conditioned media to OCCM30. To evaluate the result, Alizarin red S stain was proceeded for evaluation of mineralization. The subjected mRNA genes are bone sialoprotein(BSP), alkaline phosphate(ALP) , osteocalcin(OC), type I collagen(Col I), osteonectin(SPARC ; secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine). Expression of the gene were analysed by RT-PCR, The results were as follows: 1. For alizarin red S staining, control OCCM30 didn't show any mineralized red nodules until 14 days. But red nodules started to appear from about 4 days in MDPC-OCCM30 & OD11-OCCM30. 2. For results of RT-PCR, ESP mRNAs of control-OCCM30 and others were expressed from 14 days, but in MDPC23-OCCM30 & OD11-OCCM30 from 4 days. Like this, the gene expression of MDPC23-OCCM30 & OD11-OCCM30 were detected much earlier than others. 3. For confirmation of odontoblast effect on cementoblast, conditioned media of osteoblasts(MG63) which is mineralized by producing matrix vesicles didn't affect on the mineralized nodule formation of cementoblasts(OCCM30). This suggest the possibility that cementoblast mineralization is regulated by specific factor in dentin matrix protein rather than matrix vesicles. Therefore, we proved that the dentin/odontoblast promotes differentiation/mineralization of cementoblasts. This new approach might hole promise as diverse possibilities for the regeneration of tissues after periodontal disease.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.479-493
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• 1997

There are various treatment methods including barrier membranes in attaining periodontal regeneration and regaining the function of destructed periodontal tissues due to periodontal disease. Barrier membranes consist of non-Resorbable and resorbable types such as Dura mater and $Guidor^{(R)}$ used in the treatment of intrabony defects and classII furcation defects have been shown to be effectively increased the amount of new bone and cementum.In our study we used premolars with class III furcation defects created by removing the bone 4mm apically from CEJ in adult dogs and placed resorbable membrane Dura mater and $Guidor^{(R)}$ for the test group and flap operation was carried out for the control groups. The effect of membrane on junctional epithelium, alveloar bone, cementum, and gingival connective tisssue in the regeneration and healing potential of periodontal tissues was evaluated and healing results were evaluated histologically and histometrically 8 weeks following the surgical procedure. 1. In the clinical observation, there was no exposure of furcation defects in the control group, whereas slight membrane exposure was noted in the test group. 2. New bone was formed up to the level of the notch in the control group, whereas in the test group new bone formation was observed above the level of the notch. 3. New cementum was formed in both groups of the experiment. 4. The connective tissue observed between the new cementum and new bone in the test group were functionally orientated, compared to the irregular formation of connective tissues found in the control group. 5. Root resorption or ankylosis was not observed in any of the groups 6. The mean and median of the control group were 4.31% and 2.23% and for the Dura mater group were 27.85% and 15.57% respectively. There was no significant difference between Dura mater and the control group. 7. The mean and median of the control group were 4.31% and 2.23% and for the $Guidor^{(R)}$ group were 37.27% and 37.19% respectively. There was a significant difference in these two groups(P$Guidor^{(R)}$ were 37.27% and 37.19%. There was no significant difference between the two test groups. Thus, by using Dura mater and Guidor in classIII furcation defects, the predictable amount of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone regeneration may result.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.127-133
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• 1998

An impacted tooth is defined pathologically as a tooth that remains under the mucosa of inside bone without eruption of the crown after a specific period of eruption. Clinically, the term includes those teeth, even before eruption period, that are not expected to erupt due to shape, position and alignment of tooth and lack of space. Canine is prone to impaction more than other teeth because it has the longest time to develop and a complex route from the place of formation to the site of eruption. The impaction incidence of maxillary canine is repoted 0.92$\sim$3.3% (Ferguson, 1990). In 1995 Orton reported that the incidence was 0.92$\sim$2.2% and palatal impaction was more frequent than labial impaction(85%:15%). In 1969 Johnston presented it was more common to woman than to man(3:1). The etiology includes systemic disease such as endocrine disorder, cleidocranial dysostosis, irradiation, Crouzon syndrome, ricketts, facial hemihypertrophy and hereditary and local problems such as ectopic position of the tooth, distance of tooth from its place of eruption, malformation of the tooth, presence of supernumerary teeth, trauma of tooth germ, infection of tooth germ, displacement of tooth germ or tooth by a neoplasm, ankylosis, overretention of deciduous predecessor, lack of space for the tooth in the dental arch and mucosal barrier due to gingival fibrosis. The maxillary canine is especially important as it has the longest root, provides guidance for lateral movement of the mandible and masticatory function and assumes an important role esthetically as it is located at mouth angle. If left untreated, it may cause migration and external, internal resorption of adjacent teeth, loss of arch length, formation of dentigerous cyst or tumors, infection and referred pain as well as malposition of the tooth. Therefore, periodic examination of the development and eruption of the maxillary canine is especially important in a growing child. This case study presents the results of treatment of palatally impacted maxillary canine utilizing surgical exposure and orthodontic tooth movement on patients visiting SNUDH dept. of pediatric dentistry.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.196-200
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• 2016

Symptoms of summer patch were observed on Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) cv. "Midnight II" from mid-June in 2015 in Seoul, Korea. The symptoms appeared as leaf blight, root rot, and frog-eye patch, which are typical of summer patch. To identify the causal agent of these symptoms, a pathogen was isolated from diseased leaves and roots, and the cultural, morphological, and phylogenetic characteristics were analyzed. The isolate reached 50-60 mm on potato dextrose agar (PDA) after 10 days as a white-grey mycelium with septa, and became olive-green or brown from the center. Phialide-like structures were observed at the ends of hyphae, and conidia were rarely observed. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on large subunit (LSU) and RNA polymerase II large subunit (RPB1) sequences. According to this analysis, the isolated pathogen was confirmed to be Magnaporthiopsis poae. In a pathogenicity test, summer patch symptoms were observed at 20 days after inoculation using the same grass cultivar. This is the first report of summer patch disease caused by M. poae on cool season grass in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, allergic inflammatory skin disease that is accompanied by pruritic chronic eczema and markedly increased levels of inflammatory cells in endothelial cells. Arctium lappa L. is a popular edible vegetable cultivated in Asia. This study examined the effect of butanol extracts of A. lappa (ALBE) on the expression of adhesion molecule, ICAM-1 and the production of NO-iNOS induced by TNF-alpha in A549 endothelial cells. We also studied the effects of ALBE on the proliferation of keratinocyte. We observed significant inhibition of NO-iNOS production in dose-dependant manners and ALBE at $100\;{\mu}g$/mL suppressed the expression of ICAM-1 in TNF-${\alpha}$-induced A549 cells. In addition, the treatment of ALBE for 48 hrs increased the proliferation of HaCaT keratinocytes. These results support that ALBE has an anti-inflammatory effects for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2016

Yellow tuft symptoms of a dense cluster on zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) occurred extensively at cultivated fields of zoysiagrass sods in Jangsung. The dense cluster of zoysiagrass showed significant morphological changes such as the tufts of shortening of internodes. The disease symptom was spread on a large scale throughout stolon nodes with multiple short leaves and it thrives in broom-like shaped clusters, exhibiting light green or yellow color on their leaves. The dense cluster of zoysiagrass had approximately 5.8 times more leaves on each node of its stolon then healthy zoysiagrass. Also, these zoysiagrass had poorly developed root and stolon caused by the tufts of a dense cluster of shoots. The dense cluster of zoysiagrass were collected for the putative causal agent incubation and upon close observation, it was found that the sporangia took the shape of a lemon, each sporangium was pointed at the end of its axis and was measured to be $60{\sim}96{\times}42{\sim}51{\mu}m$. These findings were analogous to the mycological characteristics of sporangia formed by the pathogen Sclerophthora macrospora. The symptoms of yellow tuft were prevalent in spring and autumn. Therefore, this study aims to present fundamental data in relation to yellow tuft on zoysiagrass in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2020

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) is considered a clinically incurable condition despite various treatment options due to its diverse causes and complicated disease mechanisms. Since the early 2000s, multipotent human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have been used in the treatment of NP in animal models. However, the effects of hMSC injections have not been studied in chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP) mice models. Here, we investigated whether intrathecal (IT) and intrapaw (IP) injections of hMSCs can reduce mechanical allodynia in CPIP model mice. Methods: Seventeen CPIP C57/BL6 mice were selected and randomized into four groups: IT sham (n = 4), IT stem (n = 5), IP sham (n = 4), and IP stem (n = 4). Mice in the IT sham and IT stem groups received an injection of 5 μL saline and 2 × 10⁴ hMSCs, respectively, while mice in the IP sham and IP stem groups received an injection of 5 μL saline and 2 × 10⁵ hMSCs, respectively. Mechanical allodynia was assessed using von Frey filaments from pre-injection to 30 days post-injection. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia were also evaluated. Results: IT and IP injections of hMSCs improved mechanical allodynia. GFAP expression was decreased on day 25 post-injection compared with the sham group. Injections of hMSCs improved allodynia and GFAP expression was decreased compared with the sham group. Conclusions: These results suggested that hMSCs may be also another treatment modality in NP model by ischemia-reperfusion.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.328-338
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• 1998

Porphyromonas endodontalis, an anaerobic Gram negative cocobacillus which was known to be associated with the infected root canals and periapical lesions, is very difficult to culture and to detect by the traditional method in that it requires much time to induce the specific black pigmentation, and it is very sensitive to oxygen and the antibiotics added in the culture medium. In this study, the nucleotide sequences of the 'probe h' (0.73kb), one of the specific DNA probes top. endodontalis (ATCC 35406) which had been developed by our department, was determined and then a pair of primers for PCR amplification was fabricated to identify P. endodontalis. The plasmids containing 'probe h' were purified by $Wizard^{TM}$ Midipreps DNA Purification System (Promega Corp.), and the nucleotide sequences of the 'probe h' were determined by the dideoxy chain termination method using TaqTrack Sequencing System (Promega Corp.) and detected by fluorescent labelling method. The sense/antisense PCR primers were designed with computer software (Lasergene, DNASTAR Ind. PCR was done with a programmable GeneAmp PCR System 2400 (Perkin Elmer-Cetus Co.). Each sample containing the whole genomic DNA of P. endodontalis and other black-pigmented Bacteroides was itailly denatured at $94^{\circ}C$ for 5 min and then subjected to 30 cycles, each of them consisting of 60s at $94^{\circ}C$, 60s at $60^{\circ}C$, and 90s. at $72^{\circ}C$. The amplified DNA was resolved electrophoretically in a 1.0 % agarose gel in 1X TAE buffer, stained with EtBr, and photographed on a UV transilluminator. The results were as follows : 1. The nucleotide sequences of 'probe h' (743 base pairs) were obtained by dideoxy chain termination method, and from that results the specific primers to P. endodontalis (ATCC 35406), 'Primer H1/ Primer H2', were designed. 2. It has been found that 'Primer H1/H2' could detect P. endodontalis (ATCC 35406) using PCR. 3. The PCR system with this primers may be a powerful technique to amplify the specific sequences of 'probe h' of P. endodontalis (ATCC 35406) that produce distinct identification of it from other black-pigmented Bacteroides, and this could help us to determine the nature of periapical disease.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.312-321
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• 2018

Angelica tenuissima, also known as Ligusticum tenuissimum, is classified as a food-related plant and has been used as traditional medicines treating headache and anemia in Asia. However, its anti-melanogenic effect has not been reported in detail. When the extract of Angelica tenuissima (ATE) was prepared by the extraction with 70% EtOH at $80^{\circ}C$ (final yield = 22%), the contents of decursin and Z-ligustilide in ATE were determined 0.06% and 8.43%, respectively. Total flavonoid and phenolic content in mg ATE were $5.52{\pm}0.07{\mu}g$ quercetin equivalents and $237.27{\pm}13.24{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalents, respectively. Antioxidant capacity of ATE determined by DPPH and ABTS assay was increased with a dose dependent manner up to $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The amount of melanin synthesis followed by ${\alpha}-melanocyte$ stimulating hormone on B16F10 cells were significantly reduced in the presence of ATE (250 to $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, p<0.05). ATE (125 to $1000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, p<0.05) suppressed the tyrosinase activity but did not show any significant effect on ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity at the same condition. Taken together, ATE possesses tyrosinase inhibitory potential with significant antioxidant capacities. These effects of ATE might be involved in suppression of melanin synthesis, at least, in B16F10 cells. The anti-melanogenic potential of ATE will provide an insight into developing a new skin whitening product.