• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.282-287
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• 2014

The negative impacts of roads on wildlife mortality have been well documented, and one of the most significant impact is wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs) in most countries throughout the world. While road impacts on wildlife are a truly global concern with a large socio-economic cost, few researches in Korea have been quantified road-kill occurrence on highways or identified extensively seasonal and geographic patterns of this phenomenon. Therefore, we analyzed highway mortality of wild mammals in Korea using database from five years of nation-wide data on WVCs, and estimated road-kill density by standardizing on per km and per $10^3$ vehicle basis. During 2008 through 2012, a total of 10,940 wildlifes were reported killed on highways, with an average of 2,188 cases per year. There were 2,376 road-kills in 2012, and this equates to 0.01 road-kills per km per week or one road-kill every 88.5 km per week. For time of day, road-kills occurred more frequently in the early morning (05:00-08:00, 38.3%), and day of week did not have a significant influence in any individual year. The road-kill was highest in the spring (March- May, 33.0%) and least in the winter (December-February, 16.1%), and the most frequently killed native species were of Korean water deer (79.7%), raccoon dog (12.7%), Korean hare (3.1%), and leopard cat (1.2%). The overall standardized kill-rate (number/10 km/1,000 vehicles/month) in 2012 was 0.057 with highest on Dangjinyeongdeok highway (0.476), followed by Yeongdong (0.274), Sooncheonwanju (0.233), Iksanpohang (0.187), and Joongang (0.150). This study highlights that the frequency of WVCs are prevalent throughout the highways in Korea. Further work is needed to determine whether such a level of mortality is sustainable from an ecological point of view.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 오대산국립공원 내 도로를 대상으로 2003년에서 2007년까지 로드킬 현황을 조사하고 종별 발생특성, 월별 발생분포, 토지이용 현황별 로드킬 특성을 분석하여, 로드킬 저감을 위한 기초자료를 제시하는 것이었다. 로드킬은 총 427건이 발생하였으며, 대부분 소형포유류인 것으로 나타났다. 포유류와 파충류에서는 다람쥐와 누룩뱀, 조류는 노랑턱멧새의 발생빈도가 높았다. 포유류와 파충류는 여름철과 가을철, 조류는 봄부터 여름사이의 발생빈도가 높게 나타났으며, 로드킬은 야생통물의 활통시기 및 번식시기 그리고 차량 이통량 증가와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 야생동물 로드킬 빈도는 도로변 토지이용형태에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 도로 양측이 밭인 경우에 가장 높았다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.107-118
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• 2011

본 연구는 로드킬 저감을 위한 도로 안전 시설물로 기존 가드레일에 야생동물 유도휀스 기능과 방초 기능을 결합한 로드가드시스템 도입의 가치를 평가하여 도입 타당성을 규명한다. 이를 위해 조건부가치 측정법을 이용하여 도로 이용자들이 생각하는 지불의지액 및 도로 안전 시설물에 대한 인지특성 조사를 실시하였다. 그리고 로드가드시스템 도입의 지불의지액 추정 모형을 구축하고 지불의지액을 추정한 결과, 평균 지불의지액(5,018원)이 평균 제시금액(3,883원)보다 높게 나타나 다양한 도로 안전성 향상 효과 및 로드킬 저감을 위한 대안 시설물로 로드가드시스템이 적절함을 알 수 있었으며, 신규 도로계획 시 뿐만 아니라 현재 운영중인 도로의 로드킬 저감을 위해서도 도입을 검토할 필요성이 있다. 향후 도로 관리청과 협의하여 실제 로드킬 발생률이 높은 도로구간에 로드가드시스템을 시범 설치한 후 주행 실험 및 로드킬 현황 조사를 통해 로드가드시스템 설치 전 후에 대한 비교 연구를 실시하여 보다 명확한 효과를 규명해야겠다.

• 한국환경생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생태학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술논문발표회
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• pp.89-92
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• 2008

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.59-74
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• 2018

It is well known that market transactions do not lead to social optima when externalities exist. Given that previous studies such as RICARDO-AEA(2014) have identified various types of external costs, we must take their magnitudes, or externalities in general, into account in order to make toll prices to achieve social optimum. Little has been done on estimation of externalities in road uses in Korea, to the best of our knowledge. We suggested to use the contingent valuation method (CVM) to estimate overall social benefits and applied it to estimation of benefits of road kill prevention as a pilot study. Our empirical model has considered heteroskedasticity explicitly and its estimation result was that individual drivers were willing to pay 147 KRW on average in addition to current toll prices for prevention of road kills. We provided general discussions of externalities in road use and various internalization measures.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.281-284
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• 2019

Efficient management of road-kill data is difficult at national scale when there are many organizations that are in charge of different road types. Here, we described the first case to integrate road-kill data through Korea Road-kill Observation System (KROS) by the Korean government. The system was launched in June 2018 to approximately 3,000 road menders. During 15 months, 5,812 road-kill observations were registered on KROS including mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. Of them, about 86 % was occupied by five species (Hydropotes inermis, Felis catus, Capreolus pygargus, Nyctereutes procyonoides, and Canis lupus familiaris) listed in number of occurrences. The observed road-kill frequency rapidly increased until April 2019 and peaked on May 2019. However, as the system is just starting, the results from KROS cannot be treated as the exact representation of road-kill trend in the country. Although the efficient method to manage national road-kill statistic is arranged, still there are some limitations to overcome to make the system stable.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.535-545
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 도로에서 발생하는 다양한 문제점을 심각도에 따라 구분하고, 이미지 객체검출을 통해 도로관리자의 우선처리 판단을 위한 의사결정방법을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 도로에서 발생하는 문제점들을 도로불편신고 플랫폼인 척척앱의 신고내용을 이용하여 구분하였고, 각 문제점들의 심각도 가중치를 도로위험도 분석에서 사용되는 EPDO를 이용하여 산출하였다. 정립된 방법론의 현장 적용성 검토를 위해 실제 척척앱에서 추출된 이미지를 딥러닝을 이용하여 기계학습을 수행하고, 실제 이미지 테스트를 통해 결과를 검증하였다. 심각도가 높은 로드킬과 차로 장애물, 노면균열 등의 검출률은 90% 이상으로 나타나 실제 현장에 적용이 가능한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 기존의 단순 민원접수 및 해결에서 벗어나 실제 도로현장에서 접수되는 문제점을 심각도로 구분함으로써 실제 민원 처리의 우선순위 선정에 큰 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2006

Wildlife roadkill is a serious problem for road planners and biologists concerned with traffic safety, species conservation, and animal welfare. The objective of this paper was to analyze the effect of land use on the frequency of mammal roadkills. This study took part in three steps. First, data for 1,279 road kills of nine species were collected by survey over 26 months on 107km of roads near the Mt. Jirisan area. Second, the type of land use near the roadkill points was analyzed, and the area of each land use within loom of the road was calculated using GIS. Finally, the question of whether the land use affects the Sequency of mammal roadkills was analyzed by determining the density of roadkill occurrences for each land-use type. The results of the study were as follows. First, the roadkill density of all species was highest near grasslands, especially natural grasslands. Second, when comparing forests and rice fields, roadkill densities of the Eurasian red squirrel, Siberian chipmunk and Korean hare were higher near the forests, while the densities of the raccoon dog, water deer and leopard cat were higher near rice fields. The results of this study could be an essential information source for mitigating the roadkill problem in Korea.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.295-305
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• 2004

After the Rio declaration on environment and development in 1992, developed countries are undertaking "environmentally sustainable transportation (EST)" projects. To meet the needs for EST, current transportation policies in Korea are rapidly reforming and one of its concerns is modernizing and upgrading railway freight system. Planning new railroad construction projects is increasing and subsequent environmental impact assessment (EIA) demands improvements, especially in both the EIA and decision making systems. In this paper, we discuss the present status of EIA for railroad construction projects, especially, by analyzing the EIA documents for the last six years. The EIA for railroad construction projects accounts for only 4.9% of total 918 project EIAs during 1998-2003, and the portion is gradually increasing. Major environmental concerns for EIA in railroad construction projects were geomorphological and ecological changes, protection of rare organisms, air pollution, water pollution, waste management, and noise, etc. We compared characteristics of environmental impacts of railroad construction with those of vehicle road construction, based on environmental and construction-planning indicators appeared in Environmental Impact Statements. Railroad construction usually requires longer tunnels and bridges for a given length than those for vehicle road construction. In addition, the amounts of geomorphological and ecological changes (road-cutting, embankment, devegetation, etc.) in railroad construction were generally less than 50% of those in vehicle road construction. To develop environmentally friendly railway systems, monitoring studies for environmental impacts of railroads such as habitat fragmentation and road kills, dispersal of alien plants, tunnelling effects on groundwater and vegetation, and noise impacts are highly recommended.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.296-302
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• 2004

After the Rio declaration on environment and development in 1992, developed countries are undertaking 'environmentally sustainable transportation (EST)' projects. To meet the needs for EST, current transportation policies in Korea are rapidly reforming and one of its concerns is modernizing and upgrading railway freight system. Planning new railroad construction projects is increasing and subsequent environmental impact assessment (EIA) demands improvements, especially in both the EIA and decision making systems. In this paper, we discuss the present status of EIA for railroad construction projects, especially, by analyzing the EIA documents accumulated for last six years. The EIA for railroad construction projects .accounts for only $4.9\%$ of total project EIAs during 1998-2003. However, the portion is gradually increasing. Major environmental concerns for EIA in railroad construction projects were geomorphological and ecological changes, protection of rare organisms, air pollution, water quality, wast management, noise, etc. We also compared the characteristics of environmental impacts of railroad construction with those of vehicle road construction. The result shows that railroad construction usually requires 3${\~}$4 times longer tunnels and bridges for a given length than vehicle road construction. In addition, the amounts of geomorphological and ecological changes (road-cutting, embankment, devegetation, etc.) in railroad construction were generally less than $40\%$ of those in vehicle road construction. In order to develop environmentally friendly railway systems, monitoring studies for environmental impacts of railroads such as habitat fragmentation and road kills, dispersal of alien plants, tunnelling effects on groundwater and vegetation, and noise impacts are highly required.